The Archaeology and Anthropology of Landscape: Shaping Your Landscape

by Layton,Robert; Layton,Robert

• ISBN13: 9780415117678
• ISBN10: 0415117674
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-02-12
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

The Archaeology and Anthropology of Landscapepresents extensively revised versions of twenty eight papers given at the third World Archaeological Congress held in New Delhi in 1994. This collection provides new and varied case studies of landscape and environment from five continents, and raises important policy issues concerning development and the management of heritage.

Table of Contents

List of figures	xv	(4)
List of tables	xix	(2)
List of contributors	xxi	(4)
Preface	xxv
1 Introduction: gazing on the landscape and encountering the environment	1	(20)
Robert Layton
Peter J. Ucko
Explanation	2	(1)
Understanding	3	(1)
The impact of postmodernism	3	(2)
Writing as oppression	5	(1)
Is there a world out there?	6	(3)
Expressions of culture in the environment	9	(1)
Human adaptation and transformation of the environment	9	(1)
Social strategies which co-ordinate or coerce action	10	(1)
Reading the landscape	11	(1)
Two problems for archaeology	12	(3)
Conclusions	15	(3)
Acknowledgements	18	(1)
References	18	(3)
2 Chronologies of landscape	21	(10)
John C. Barrett
Acknowledgements	30	(1)
References	30	(1)
3 Subverting the Western Gaze: mapping alternative worlds	31	(15)
Barbara Bender
Introduction	31	(3)
Western maps in western contexts	34	(2)
Western maps in contact situations	36	(4)
Indigenous maps	40	(1)
Conclusions	41	(1)
Notes	42	(1)
Acknowledgement	43	(1)
References	43	(3)
4 Social landscapes in Irish prehistory	46	(19)
Gabriel Cooney
Introduction	46	(1)
Landscapes from the outside: the extent of prehistoric settlement	47	(2)
People, pathways and places	49	(2)
A sense of place	51	(5)
The landscape as context of activity	56	(3)
Transforming the landscape	59	(2)
References	61	(4)
5 Small-scale communities and the landscape of Swaledale (North Yorkshire, UK)	65	(8)
Andrew Fleming
References	72	(1)
6 A historical interactive landscape in the heart of Europe: the case of Bohemia	73	(21)
Jaromir Benes
Marek Zvelebil
Theorising landscapes	73	(5)
Landscapes in action: the case of northern Bohemia	78	(11)
Enculturation of the landscape	78	(7)
Land division and field systems	85	(1)
Burials as territorial markers	86	(1)
Focal places in the landscape	87	(2)
Conclusion	89	(1)
Note	90	(1)
Acknowledgements	90	(1)
References	90	(4)
7 Is landscape history possible? Or, how can we study the desertion of farms?	94	(10)
Mats Widgren
Introduction	94	(1)
Is landscape history possible?	94	(4)
Form versus process	95	(2)
Nature versus culture; ecological versus social theory	97	(1)
Is it possible to survive on a deserted farm?	98	(4)
Surveying	99	(1)
Agro-ecosystems over time	100	(1)
Social and tenurial development	101	(1)
Note	102	(1)
Acknowledgement	102	(1)
References	103	(1)
8 The historic environment, historic landscape, and space-time-action models in landscape archaeology	104	(15)
Timothy Darvill
Introduction	104	(1)
Archaeology and the landscape	105	(3)
Landscapes as `objects'	105	(1)
Landscapes as `subjects'	105	(1)
Critique of traditional archaeological approaches to landscape	106	(2)
Landscape as context	108	(3)
Space	108	(1)
Time	109	(1)
Social action	109	(1)
Time-space-action models in archaeology and beyond	109	(2)
Landscape and the social use of space: Stonehenge	111	(4)
Conclusions	115	(1)
Notes	116	(1)
References	117	(2)
9 Protecting time and space: understanding historic landscape for conservation in England	119	(16)
Graham Fairclough
Introduction	119	(1)
Philosophy and definition	120	(8)
Time	121	(5)
Space and scale	126	(1)
Articulation	127	(1)
Territorial inter-relationships	127	(1)
Regional or national patterning	128	(1)
Methods and practice	128	(5)
Conclusion	133	(1)
References	133	(2)
10 The role of caste hierarchy in the spatial organisation of a village landscape in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka	135	(11)
Nilu Abeyaratne
References	144	(2)
11 The anatomy of dispossession: a study in the displacement of the tribals from their traditional landscape in the Narmada Valley due to the Sardar Sarovar Project	146	(13)
Ashish Chadha
Introduction	146	(1)
The Sardar Dam and its impact	147	(2)
The emergence of popular protest movements	149	(1)
Are the tribals an indigenous group?	150	(3)
A changing relationship to the landscape	153	(2)
The dislocation, an experience in an alien landscape	155	(1)
An attitudinal problem	156	(2)
References	158	(1)
12 Perceiving `your' land: neighbourhood settlements and the Hauz-i Rani	159	(16)
Sunil Kumar
Introduction	159	(1)
The medievel hauz, a local community and the city of Delhi	160	(6)
Sports in the `Queen's Reservoir'	166	(6)
Conclusion: a diachronic study of landscapes and perceptions	172	(1)
Notes	173	(1)
References	173	(2)
13 In the shadow of New Delhi: understanding the landscape through village eyes	175	(14)
Nayanjot Lahiri
Upinder Singh
Introduction	175	(1)
The physical landscape and rural perceptions	176	(8)
The archaeological landscape and rural perceptions	184	(3)
Conclusion	187	(1)
Notes	187	(1)
Acknowledgements	187	(1)
References	188	(1)
14 Ancestors, place and people: social landscapes in Aboriginal Australia	189	(17)
Claire Smith
Introduction	189	(1)
The study area	190	(2)
Colonial history	192	(1)
Conceptions of place in northern Australia	193	(6)
Discussion	199	(3)
Notes	202	(1)
Acknowledgements	203	(1)
References	203	(3)
15 Competing perceptions of landscape in Kowanyama, North Queensland	206	(13)
Veronica Strang
Notes	217	(1)
References	217	(2)
16 The Alawa totemic landscape: ecology, religion and politics	219	(21)
Robert Layton
Four Alawa legends	220	(2)
Yargala (the male Plains Kangaroo)	220	(1)
Wadabir, the Black (Water) Goanna	221	(1)