The archaeological, anthropological and palaeoenvironmental studies in this book examine how different kind of societies of Africa, the Americas, Asia and Europe used their different drylands.

List of figures

vii

List of tables

xi

List of contributors

xiii

Series editors' foreword

xxv

Preface

xxvii

Part I Introduction

Living at the margin: themes in the archaeology of drylands

3

(16)

Graeme Barker

David Gilbertson

The dynamic climatology of drylands

19

(26)

Greg Spellman

Part II Southwest and Central Asia

The decline of desert agriculture: a view from the classical period Negev

45

(18)

Steven A. Rosen

Farmers, herders and miners in the Wadi Faynan, southern Jordan: a 10,000-year landscape archaeology

63

(23)

Graeme Barker

Differing strategies for water supply and farming in the Syrian Black Desert

86

(17)

Paul Newson

Irrigation agriculture in Central Asia: a long-term perspective from Turkmenistan

103

(22)

Mark Nesbitt

Sarah O'Hara

Part III Sahara and Sahel

Conquests and land degradation in the eastern Maghreb during classical antiquity and the Middle Ages

125

(12)

Jean-Louis Ballais

Success, longevity, and failure of arid-land agriculture: Romano-Libyan floodwater farming in the Tripolitanian pre-desert

137

(23)

David Gilbertson

Chris Hunt

Gavin Gillmore

Twelve thousand years of human adaptation in Fezzan (Libyan Sahara)

160

(20)

David Mattingly

Farming and famine: subsistence strategies in Highland Ethiopia

180

(21)

Ann Butler

A. Catherine D'Andrea

Part IV Eastern and southern Africa

Engaruka: farming by irrigation in Maasailand, c.AD 1400-1700

201

(19)

John E.G. Sutton

The agricultural landscape of the Nyanga area of Zimbabwe

220

(13)

Robert Soper

Fifteenth-century agropastoral responses to a disequilibrial ecosystem in southeastern Botswana

233

(19)

John Kinahan

Islands of intensive agriculture in African drylands: towards an explanatory framework

252

(19)

Mats Widgren

Part V North and Central America

Prehistoric agriculture and anthropogenic ecology of the North American Southwest

271

(17)

Paul E. Minnis

The role of maguey in the Mesoamerican tierra fria: ethnographic, historic and archaeological perspectives

288

(27)

Jeffrey R. Parsons

J. Andrew Darling

Part VI Europe

Traditional irrigation systems in dryland Switzerland

315

(21)

Anne Jones

Darren Crook

Desertification, land degradation and land abandonment in the Rhone valley, France

336

(19)

Sander van der Leeuw

Index

355

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