Archaeology

by Stewart, R. Michael

• ISBN13: 9780787281298
• ISBN10: 0787281298
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2010-05-17
• Publisher: Kendall Hunt Pub Co

Table of Contents

What's the Point?	ix
Basic Definitions and Assumptions
Archaeology Defined	1	(1)
Documents and Archaeology	2	(1)
Material Evidence	3	(4)
Context and Its Importance	7	(4)
Archaeological Sites	11	(1)
Ethical Concerns	12	(4)
Applying Your Knowledge	16	(1)
Dig Deeper	17	(2)
The Archaeological Record and the Recognition of Evidence
How the Archaeological Record is Formed	19	(6)
Recognizing Archaeological Evidence	25	(8)
Improving Your Skills	33	(1)
Applying Your Knowledge	33	(1)
Dig Deeper	34	(3)
Fieldwork Motivations and Design
Why Do Fieldwork?	37	(5)
Research Design	42	(10)
Applying Your Knowledge	52	(1)
Dig Deeper	52	(3)
Background Research
Cultural and Historical Background	55	(5)
Environmental Data	60	(16)
Land Use History	76	(3)
Landowner and Informant Interviews	79	(2)
Logistical Matters	81	(1)
Applying Your Knowledge	82	(1)
Dig Deeper	83	(2)
Preparing for the Field
Field Kits	85	(4)
Dressing for the Field	89	(3)
Health and Safety Concerns	92	(4)
Field Etiquette	96	(2)
Applying Your Knowledge	98	(1)
Dig Deeper	98	(3)
Maps, Surveying, and Mapmaking
Understanding and Reading Topographic Maps	101	(20)
Instruments	121	(9)
Measuring Distance	130	(3)
Map Scales Locating Areas	133	(3)
Documenting Site Locations	136	(4)
Systems of Recordation	140	(5)
Establishing Grids and Units	145	(4)
Creating Plan Maps	149	(5)
Determining Elevation and Creating Topographic Maps	154	(2)
Drafting Surveying Data	156	(1)
Applying Your Knowledge	157	(1)
Dig Deeper	158	(3)
An Introduction to Sediments, Soils, Stratigraphy, and Geomorphology
Introduction	161	(1)
Fundamentals of Sediment and Soil	162	(21)
Defining and Interpreting Stratigraphy	183	(3)
Gemorphology	186	(5)
Examining and Recording a Profile	191	(11)
Impact on Field Strategies	202	(1)
Applying Your Knowledge	203	(1)
Dig Deeper	203	(2)
Working On the Surface
Discovering Archaeological Deposits	205	(13)
Field Notes: What To Record and How	218	(10)
What To Collect	228	(1)
Remote Sensing	229	(3)
Learning More About Surface and Above-Ground Archaeological Resources	232	(3)
Integration with Excavation and Subsurface Testing Strategies	235	(1)
Applying Your Knowledge	236	(1)
Dig Deeper	236	(3)
Subsurface Investigations
The Basics	239	(31)
Field Records	270	(6)
Conservation of Materials	276	(6)
Health, Safety, and General Logistical Concerns	282	(3)
Discovering Buried Archaeological Deposits	285	(9)
Expanding Your Perspective About Field Records and Data Collection	294	(4)
Expanding Your Perspective About Health, Safety, and General Logistical Concerns	298	(1)
Further Investigations of Buried Deposits	298	(3)
Expanding Your Perspective About Types of Excavations, Excavation Techniques, and Provenience Recording Systems	301	(3)
Special Features and Deposits	304	(10)
Expanding Your Perspective About Mapping, Data Collection and Processing	314	(2)
Expanding Your Perspective About On-Site Logistics	316	(1)
Applying Your Knowledge	317	(1)
Dig Deeper	318	(1)
Training and Professional Practice
Field Schools and Volunteer Situations	319	(2)
Working as a Field Technician	321	(4)
Finding a Job	325	(5)
Applying Your Knowledge	330	(1)
Dig Deeper	330	(3)
Appendix 1 Ethical Principles and Codes of Conduct for Archaeologists	333	(8)
Appendix 2 Summaries of Significant Federal Historic Preservation Legislation	341	(4)
Appendix 3 Listing of State Historic Preservation Offices and Important Federal Agencies for Historic Preservation	345	(10)
Appendix 4 Possible Field Ailments: Symptoms and Treatment	355	(6)
Appendix 5 Examples of Job Descriptions for Archaeological Technicians, Entry/BA Degree Level Staff	361	(8)
Bibliography	369	(16)
Index	385