Architecture: Residential Drawing and Design

by Kicklighter, Clois E.; Kicklighter, Joan C.; Baird, Ronald J.

• ISBN13: 9781566375900
• ISBN10: 1566375908
• Edition: Revised
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-06-01
• Publisher: Goodheart-Willcox Pub

Summary

Architecture-Residential Drawing and Design provides comprehensive instruction for preparing architectural working drawings using traditional and computer-based methods. The text also serves as a reference for design and construction principles and methods. Organized logically around the design-building process in an exciting format, the text is easy to understand with much student appeal. Content is up-to-date with coverage of state-of-the-art technology.

Table of Contents

The World of Architecture	7	(18)
The Cape Colonial
The Garrison
The Salt Box
The Southern Colonial
Contemporary Structures
The Ranch Design
Trends in Architecture
Multifamily Housing
Cooperatives
Condominiums
Rental Apartments
The Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA)
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Basic House Design	25	(12)
One-Story Ranch Designs
One-and-One-Half-Story Designs
Two-Story Designs
Split-Level Designs
Variations of Split-Level Designs
Traffic Circulation
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Primary Considerations	37	(12)
Site Considerations
The Community
Cost and Restrictions
Zoning and Codes
Topographical Features
Family Needs
Modular Aspects
Quality of Living
Drawings Included in a Set of Plans
Brief Description of Plans
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Drawing Instruments and Techniques	49	(24)
Orthographic Projection
Three Principal Views
Architectural Drafting Equipment
How to Use the Scale
Computer-Aided Design and Drafting
Computer
CADD Software
Output Devices
Lines Used in Architectural Drawing
Architectural Lettering
Templates
Underlays
Overlays
Drafting Tapes
Transfer Letters and Symbols
Stencil Lettering Guides
Lettering Machines
Photo or Scissors Drafting
Grids
Rubber Stamps
Burnish Plates
Computer Symbol Library
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Room Planning, Sleeping Area	73	(16)
Sleeping Area
Bedrooms
Bathrooms
Accessibility for the Handicapped
Furniture Size and Arrangement
Minimum Clearance
Bath Fixtures
CADD Applications
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Room Planning, Living Area	89	(38)
Living Rooms
Accessibility for the Handicapped
Furniture Size and Arrangement
Dining Rooms
Entryway and Foyer
Minimum Clearance
Family Recreation Room
Special-Purpose Rooms
Patios, Porches, and Courts
CADD Applications
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Room Planning, Service Area	127	(24)
Accessibility for the Handicapped
The Straight Line Kitchen
The L-Shaped Kitchen
The Corridor Kitchen
The U-Shaped Kitchen
The Peninsula Kitchen
The Island Kitchen
Cabinets and Appliances
Kitchen Eating Areas
Clothes Care Center
Garage or Carport
Driveway and Turnaround
CADD Applications
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Plot Plans	151	(10)
Required Information
Property Lines
Contour Lines
Topographical Features
Common Symbols
Location of Structure on Site
Procedure for Drawing a Plot Plan
Landscape Plot Plans
CADD Applications
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Footings, Foundations, and Concrete	161	(22)
Staking Out House Location
Excavation
Footing Shapes and Specifications
Foundation Walls
T-Foundations
Slab Foundations
Pier and Post Foundations
Wood Foundations
Concrete and Masonry Basement Walls
Beams and Girders
Live and Dead Loads
Weight Calculations
Lintels
Concrete and Masonry
Concrete Blocks
Paving
CADD Applications
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
The Foundation Plan	183	(10)
Material Symbols
Required Information
Preliminary Steps to Drawing a Foundation Plan
Drawing a Foundation Plan
The Basement/Foundation Plan
Drawing a Basement Plan
CADD Applications
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Sill and Floor Construction	193	(16)
Platform Framing
Balloon Framing
Joists and Beams
Lumber Sizes
Span Data
Floor Trusses
Subfloor
Cantilevered Joists
Framing Under Slate or Tile
Post and Beam Construction
Curtain Walls
Longitudinal Method
Transverse Method
Decking Planks
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Wall and Ceiling Construction	209	(14)
Frame Wall Construction
CADD Applications
Span Data
Ceiling Construction
Framing Considerations
Masonry Wall Construction
Stonework
Brick Names and Sizes
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Doors and Windows	223	(30)
Interior Doors
Accessibility for the Handicapped
Exterior Doors
Garage Doors
Specifying Doors
Door Details
Windows
Window Types
Special Window Applications
Window Schedules
CADD Applications
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Stairs	253	(12)
Types of Stairs
Stair Terminology
Stair Design
New Code Requirements for Handrails and Guardrails
Stair Calculations and Drawing Procedure
Structural Details
Accessibility for the Handicapped
CADD Applications
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Fireplaces and Chimneys	265	(18)
Fireplace Design Considerations
Hearth and Fire Chamber
Damper and Smoke Shelf
Flue
Framing Around Fireplace and Chimney
Fireplace Specifications
Single-Face Fireplace
Two-Face (Opposite) Fireplace
Two-Face (Adjacent) Fireplace
Three-Face Fireplace
Prefabricated Metal Fireplaces and Stoves
CADD Applications
Stoves
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
The Floor Plan	283	(18)
Required Information
Location and Size of Walls
Location and Size of Windows and Doors
Cabinets, Appliances, and Permanent Fixtures
Stairs and Fireplaces
Walks, Patios, and Decks
Room Names and Material Symbols
Building Material Symbols
Dimensioning
Scale and Sheet Identification
Metric System of Dimensioning
Procedure for Drawing Floor Plan
Metric Floor Plans
CADD Applications
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Roof Designs	301	(18)
Gable Roof
Hip Roof
Flat Roof
Shed Roof
Mansard Roof
Gambrel Roof
Butterfly Roof
A-Frame Roof
Folded Plate Roof
Curved Panel Roof
Other Contemporary Roof Types
Traditional Frame Roof Construction
Rake or Gable End
Roof Trusses
CADD Applications
Ventilation
Flashing
Gutters and Downspouts
Roof Sheathing and Roofing
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Elevations	319	(12)
Required Information
Elevation Identification
Grade Line, Floors, and Ceilings
Walls, Windows, and Doors
Roof Features
Dimensions, Notes, and Symbols
Procedure for Drawing an Elevation
Determining Vertical Height
CADD Applications
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Residential Electrical	331	(12)
Electrical Terms
Service Entrance and Distribution Panel
Branch Circuits
Lighting Circuits
Special Appliance Circuits
Individual Appliance Circuits
Circuit Requirement Calculations
Outlets and Switches
GFCIs
Accessibility for the Handicapped
Signal and Communication Systems
Home Automation
Low Voltage Switching
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
The Electrical Plan	343	(6)
Required Information
Service Entrance
Common Electrical Symbols
Switches
Convenience Outlets
Lighting
Branch Circuits
Procedure for Drawing an Electrical Plan
CADD Applications
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Residential Plumbing	349	(10)
Water Supply System
In-House Water Treatment Devices
Water and Waste Removal
Fixtures
Water Conservation
Private Sewage Disposal System
Septic Tank
Disposal Field
Calculation of Disposal Field Size
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
The Plumbing Plan	359	(8)
Required Information
Water Lines and Vent Stacks
Water Supply Lines
Drain and Fixture Locations
Size and Type of Pipe
Plumbing Fixture Schedule
Symbols and Legend
Notes
Procedure for Drawing Plumbing Plan
CADD Applications
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Residential Climate Control	367	(20)
Temperature Control
Ventilation
Humidity Control
Air Circulation and Cleaning
Carbon Monoxide Detectors
Types of Heating Systems
Forced Warm Air Systems
Hydronic Systems
Electric Radiant Systems
Heat Pumps
Ground-Source Heat Pumps
Heat Loss Calculations
R and U Factors
Calculation Procedure
True Window R-value
CADD Applications
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Climate Control Plan	387	(8)
Required Information
Distribution System
Climate Control Symbols
Planning Outlet and Inlet Locations
Planning Ductwork
Planning Piping for Hydronic System
Thermostats and Climate Control Equipment
Schedules, Calculations, and Notes
Procedure for Drawing Climate Control Plan
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Solar Space Heating	395	(10)
Passive Solar Systems
Direct Gain Systems
Indirect Gain Systems
Isolated Gain Systems
Active Solar Systems
Warm Air Solar Systems
Warm Water Solar Systems
Advantages of Solar Heating
Disadvantages of Solar Heating
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Nontraditional Structures	405	(12)
Earth Sheltered Dwellings
Site Considerations
Orientation on the Site
Topography as a Design Consideration
Soil and Groundwater
Energy Conservation
Structural Systems
Cost of Earth Sheltered Dwellings
Design Variations of Earth Sheltered Dwellings
Slope Design
Atrium Design
Penetrational Design
Advantages of Earth Sheltered Housing
Disadvantages of Earth Sheltered Housing
Dome Structures
Typical Dome Construction
Advantages of Domes
Disadvantages of Domes
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
New Products and Methods of Construction	417	(20)
Steel Framing
Steel Framing Components
Floor, Wall, and Roof Components
Exterior Insulation Finish Systems (EIFS)
Engineered Wood Products
Oriented Strand Board (OSB)
Parallel Strand Lumber (PSL)
Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL)
Glue-Laminated Lumber
Wood I-Beams or Joists
Structural Foam Sandwich Panels
Concrete Wall Systems
Insulated Concrete Wall Forms
Insulated Concrete Wall Systems
Welded-Wire Sandwich Panels
Insulated Concrete Block Systems
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Modular Applications	437	(8)
Standardization
Modular Components
Industrialized Housing
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Perspective Drawings	445	(24)
Pictorial Methods
Perspectives
Two-Point Perspectives
One-Point Perspectives
Perspective Grids
Perspectives of Complex Features
CADD Applications
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Presentation Drawings	469	(18)
Pencil Rendering
Ink Rendering
Water Color Rendering
Tempera Rendering
Colored Pencil Rendering
Magic Marker Rendering
Scratch Board Rendering
Applique' Rendering
Air Brush Rendering
Entourage'
Exterior Perspectives
Rendered Elevations
Presentation Plot Plans
Presentation Floor Plans
Rendered Sections
CADD Applications
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Architectural Models	487	(10)
Types of Models
Materials Used in Model Construction
Constructing Balsa Models
Laser Cut Model Parts
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Material and Tradework Specifications	497	(8)
Purpose of Specifications
Specification Formats
Examples of Specifications
Contract Specifications
Standard VA and FHA Specification Form
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Estimating Building Cost	505	(8)
Preliminary Estimates
More Accurate Estimates
Typical Materials List
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Computer Applications	513	(12)
Site Planning and Mapping
Structural Analysis Using the Computer
Computer-Aided Drafting and Design (CADD)
Computer Graphics Representation
Energy Analysis
Project Management with the Computer
Computer Simulation
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Introduction to Computer-Aided Drafting and Design	525	(14)
Computer
CPU
RAM
Math Coprocessors
Permanent Storage Devices
Standard Ports
Monitors
Graphics Adapters
Keyboard
Mouse
Digitizing Tablet
Miscellaneous Input Devices
Pen Plotters
Laser Printers
Electrostatic Plotters
Color Impact Printers
Daisy Wheel Printers
Film Recorders
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
CADD Software	539	(16)
Benefits of CADD in Architecture
Selecting a CADD Package
General-Purpose CADD Packages
General-Purpose CADD Packages Characteristics
Basic System Requirements
Supported Hardware
Program Customization
Programming
3D Primitives
Model Building
AEC CADD Packages
General CADD Program Dependence
Symbols Library
Adding User-Defined Shapes to Library
Database Interface
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
CADD Commands and Functions	555	(16)
Drawing Commands
Editing and Inquiry Commands
Display Control Commands
Dimensioning Commands
Layers, Colors, and Linetypes
Drawing Aids
3D Functions
Utility Commands and Functions
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Architectural CADD Applications	571	(26)
Drawing Setup
Scale
Sheet Size
Layers, Colors, and Pen Sizes
Drawing Floor Plans
Drawing Elevations
Drawing Foundation/Basement Plans
Drawing Electrical Plans
Drawing Plot Plans
Drawing Details
Drawing a Typical Wall Section
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Career Opportunities	597	(8)
Educational Requirements
Architect
Architectural Drafter
Architectural Illustrator
Specification Writer
Estimator
Surveyor
Teaching Architectural Drawing
Construction Technologist
Keeping and Progressing on the Job
Model Ethics Code
Work Ethic
Job Site Safety
Leadership on the Job
Entrepreneurship
Review Questions
Suggested Activities
Reference Section	605	(58)
Building Material Symbols
Topographical Symbols
Plumbing Symbols
Climate Control Symbols
Electrical Symbols
Vanity Sizes and Designs
Wall Cabinet Sizes and Designs
Base Cabinet Sizes and Designs
Double-Hung Window Sizes
Horizontal Sliding Window Sizes
Casement Window Sizes
Awning Window Sizes
Hopper Window Sizes
Picture Window Sizes
Glass Sliding Door Sizes
Design Data for Trusses
Span Data
Beam Data
Resistivity to Heat Loss of Building Materials
Metric System
Conversion Tables
Weights of Building Materials
Brick and Block Courses
Rafter Conversion Diagram
Plywood Grades and Specs
Asphalt Roofing Products
Concrete Reinforcement
Gypsum Wallboard Data
Reinforcing Bar Sizes
Foot Candle Levels
Design Temperatures and Degree Days
Wood Foundations Fire and Sound Ratings
Wall System Selection
Clearance Requirements
Building Requirements
Abbreviations
TJI Joists, LVL Headers, and LVL Beams
Radon Detection
Carbon Monoxide Detection
Earthquake Zones
CSI Specification
Acknowledgements	663	(2)
Trademarks	665	(1)
Glossary	666	(13)
Index	679