Arguments about Arguments: Systematic, Critical, and Historical Essays In Logical Theory

by Maurice A. Finocchiaro

• ISBN13: 9780521618533
• ISBN10: 0521618533
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-07-25
• Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Summary

Following an approach that is empirical but not psychological, and dialectical but not dialogical, Maurice Finocchiaro defines concepts such as reasoning, argument, argument analysis, critical reasoning, methodological reflection, judgment, critical thinking, and informal logic. Including extended critiques of the views of many contemporary scholars, he also integrates into the discussion Arnauld's Port-Royal Logic, Gramsci's theory of intellectuals, and case studies from the history of science, particularly the work of Galileo, Newton, Huygens, and Lavoisier.

Author Biography

Maurice A. Finocchiaro is Distinguished Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas

Table of Contents

Preface and Acknowledgments	vii
Introduction: An Approach to a Branch of Logic	1	(20)
PART I THEORIZING ABOUT REASONING AND ARGUMENT
Informal Logic and the Theory of Reasoning (1984)	21	(13)
An Historical Approach to the Study of Argumentation (1987)	34	(12)
Methodological Problems in Empirical Logic (1989)	46	(19)
Two Empirical Approaches to the Study of Reasoning (1994)	65	(27)
Critical Thinking, Critical Reasoning, and Methodological Reflection (1996)	92	(17)
PART II FALLACIES AND ASYMMETRIES
Fallacies and the Evaluation of Reasoning (1981)	109	(19)
Six Types of Fallaciousness: Toward a Realistic Theory of Logical Criticism (1987)	128	(20)
Asymmetries in Argumentation and Evaluation (1992)	148	(11)
The Positive versus the Negative Evaluation of Arguments (1994)	159	(22)
PART III CRITIQUES: METAPHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS AND DIALECTICAL APPROACHES
Siegel on Critical Thinking: Reasoning versus Rationality versus Criticism (1989)	181	(12)
Induction and Intuition in the Normative Study of Reasoning: Cohen on Inductive Reasoning in Philosophy (1991)	193	(14)
Logic, Politics, and Gramsci: Intellectuals, Dialectics, and Philosophy in the Prison Notebooks (1992)	207	(24)
The Dialectical Approach to Interpretation and Evaluation: From Axiom to Dialogue (Barth) and from Structure to Dialogue (Freeman) (1995)	231	(15)
The Port-Royal Logic's Theory of Argument: Instrumentalism in the Philosophy of Logic (1997)	246	(19)
A Critique of the Dialectical Approach, Part II: The Amsterdam School and Walton on Complex Dialogues (1999)	265	(12)
Valid Ad Hominem Arguments in Philosophy: Johnstone's Metaphilosophical Informal Logic (2001)	277	(15)
Dialectics, Evaluation, and Argument: Goldman and Johnson on the Concept of Argument (2003)	292	(37)
PART IV HISTORICAL ANALYSES: CRITICAL THINKING IN SCIENCE
The Concept of Ad Hominem Argument in Galileo and Locke (1974)	329	(11)
Newton's Third Rule of Philosophizing: A Role for Logic in Historiography (1974)	340	(10)
Logic and Rhetoric in Lavoisier's Sealed Note: Toward a Rhetoric of Science (1977)	350	(11)
The Concept of Judgment and Huygens' Theory of Gravity (1980)	361	(25)
Empiricism, Judgment, and Argument: Toward an Informal Logic of Science (1988)	386	(23)
Criticism, Reasoning, and Judgment in Science (1995)	409	(22)
Selected Bibliography	431	(22)
Index	453