Art And Cultural Heritage: Law, Policy And Practice

by Edited by Barbara T. Hoffman

• ISBN13: 9780521857642
• ISBN10: 0521857643
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-12-05
• Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Summary

Art and Cultural Heritage is appropriately, but not solely, about national and international law respecting cultural heritage. It is a bubbling cauldron of law mixed with ethics, philosophy, politics and working principles looking at how cultural heritage law, policy and practice should be sculpted from the past as the present becomes the future. Art and cultural heritage are two pillars on which a society builds its identity, its values, its sense of community and the individual. The authors explore these demanding concerns, untangle basic values, and look critically at the conflicts and contradictions in existing art and cultural heritage law and policy in its diverse sectors. The rich and provocative contributions collectively provide a reasoned discussion of the issues from a multiplicity of views to permit the reader to understand the theoretical and philosophical underpinnings of the cultural heritage debate.

Table of Contents

List of Contributors	xi
Preface and Acknowledgments	xxvii
The International Bar Association	xxxi
Francis Neate
Emilio J. Cardenas
International Council of Museums	xxxv
Alissandra Cummins
John Zvereff
International Council on Monuments and Sites	xxxvii
Michael Petzet
James K. Reap
Introduction: Exploring and Establishing Links for a Balanced Art and Cultural Heritage Policy	1	(18)
Barbara T. Hoffman
PART ONE. INTERNATIONAL LEGAL TOOLS AND VIEWPOINTS	19	(68)
The Law of Se: Linking the Spiritual and Material	21	(7)
Ramon Gil
Alan Ereira
The Obligation to Prevent and Avoid Destruction of Cultural Heritage: From Bamiyan to Iraq	28	(13)
Francesco Francioni
Federico Lenzerini
Beyond Bamiyan: Will the World Be Ready Next Time?	41	(6)
James Cuno
The Role of the Museum in Developing Heritage Policy	47	(5)
Alissandra Cummins
An Archaeologist's View of the Trade in Unprovenanced Antiquities	52	(12)
Neil Brodie
Reflexions on the Causes of Illicit Traffic in Cultural Property and Some Potential Cures	64	(4)
Manus Brinkman
The Growing Complexity of International Art Law: Conflict of Laws, Uniform Law, Mandatory Rules, UNSC Resolutions and EU Regulations	68	(19)
Guido Carducci
PART TWO. KEEPING CULTURE ALIVE: THE SOURCE NATION'S EFFORTS TO MANAGE, PROTECT, AND PRESERVE HERITAGE RESOURCES	87	(70)
Introduction to Parts II and III: Cultural Rights, Cultural Property, and International Trade	89	(5)
Barbara T. Hoffman
Management and Conservation of Guatemala's Cultural Heritage: A Challenge to Keep History Alive	94	(6)
Juan Antonio Valdes
The Protection of Cultural Patrimony in Peru	100	(5)
Jack Batievsky
Jorge Velarde
Cultural Patrimony and Property Rights in Peru	105	(4)
Alberto Martorell-Carreno
Putting the IFAR Cuzco Inventory to Work	109	(5)
Frederic J. Truslow
Cultural Property Legislation in Mexico: Past, Present, and Future	114	(5)
Norma Rojas Delgadillo
The Protection of Cultural Heritage in Colombia	119	(5)
Juan Carlos Uribe
Chronological Overview of Developments in Bolivian and Latin American Cultural Heritage Legislation with a Special Emphasis on the Protection of Indigenous Culture	124	(10)
Elizabeth Torres
Illicit Traffic in Cultural Heritage in the Southern Cone: A Case Study Based on the Paraguayan Experience	134	(3)
Oscar Centurion Frontanilla
The Nigerian and African Experience on Looting and Trafficking in Cultural Objects	137	(8)
Folarin Shyllon
The Protection of Cultural Heritage Items in New Zealand	145	(3)
Sir Ian Barker
Angkor Sites, Cultural World Heritage	148	(9)
Kerya Chau Sun
PART THREE. INTERNATIONAL MOVEMENT OF ART AND CULTURAL PROPERTY: THE ``MARKET NATIONS''	157	(42)
International Art Transactions and the Resolution of Art and Cultural Property Disputes: A United States Perspective	159	(19)
Barbara T. Hoffman
The Illicit Trade in Cultural Objects: Recent Developments in the United Kingdom	178	(7)
Adrian Parkhouse
Summum ius suma iniuria: Stolen Jewish Cultural Assets under Legal Examination	185	(6)
Peter Raue
European Union Legislation Pertaining to Cultural Goods	191	(3)
Barbara T. Hoffman
Hypothetical on the Enforcement of Export Prohibitions and a Commentary on the Hypothetical	194	(3)
Richard Crewdson
Excerpts from the Memoire ``Le Regime Juridique et Fiscal Francais des Importations et Exportations d'Oeuvres d'Art''	197	(2)
Pearl Gourdon
PART FOUR. PROTECTING THE WORLD'S HERITAGE: THE NATIONAL DIMENSION IN THE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT	199	(44)
World Heritage -- Linking Cultural and Biological Diversity	201	(5)
Mechtild Rossler
Judicial Interpretations of the World Heritage Convention in the Australian Courts	206	(4)
Matthew Peek
Susan Reye
Paris Down Under -- World Heritage Impacts in Australia	210	(6)
Jane L. Lennon
The Cultural Landscape of the Agave and the Production of Tequila	216	(4)
Ignacio Gomez Arriola
Francisco Javier Lopez Morales
National Heritage Areas: Developing a New Conservation Strategy	220	(14)
Brenda Barrett
Nancy I. M. Morgan
Laura Soulliere Gates
The United States and the World Heritage Convention	234	(5)
James K. Reap
Cultural Heritage Legislation: The Historic Centre of Old Havana	239	(4)
Maria Margarita Suarez Garcia
PART FIVE. A CONSIDERATION OF CULTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE GUIDELINES APPLICABLE TO INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS, MINING OPERATIONS, AND THEIR FINANCING	243	(40)
The World Bank's Policy on Physical Cultural Resources	245	(4)
Charles E. Di Leva
BTC Pipeline Project and the Preservation of Cultural Heritage	249	(6)
Gary Paulson
Tale of Zeugma and the Birecik Project	255	(5)
Dogan Yagiz
The Impact of Cultural Resources Laws on the United States Mining Industry	260	(4)
Robert A. Bassett
Minimising the Environmental and Cultural Impacts of Oil Operations in Emerging Economies: Transnational Oil Companies and Voluntary International Environmental Standards	264	(19)
Alexandra S. Wawryk
PART SIX. WHO OWNS THE TITANIC'S TREASURES? PROTECTION OF THE UNDERWATER CULTURAL HERITAGE	283	(42)
The 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage	285	(8)
Tullio Scovazzi
The Collision of Property Rights and Cultural Heritage; the Salvors' and Insurers' Viewpoints	293	(7)
Forrest Booth
Finders Keepers Losers Weepers -- Myth or Reality? An Australian Perspective on Historic Shipwrecks	300	(8)
Derek Luxford
The Shades of Harmony: Some Thoughts on the Different Contexts That Coastal States Face as Regards the 2001 Underwater Cultural Heritage Convention	308	(5)
Ariel W. Gonzales
Underwater Cultural Heritage at Risk: The Case of the Dodington Coins	313	(12)
John Gribble
Craig Forrest
PART SEVEN. WHO OWNS TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE?	325	(52)
Intellectual Property and the Protection of Traditional Knowledge and Cultural Expressions	327	(13)
Wend B. Wendland
Who Owns Traditional Knowledge? A Personal and Industry View	340	(12)
Bo Hammer Jensen
Protecting Maori Heritage in New Zealand	352	(11)
Maui Solomon
Culture, Science, and Indigenous Technology	363	(7)
Hester du Plessis
Recent Developments in the Regulation of Traditional Herbal Medicines	370	(7)
Zelda Pickup
Christopher Hodges
PART EIGHT. MUSEUMS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE	377	(50)
The ``Universal Museum'': A Case of Special Pleading?	379	(7)
Geoffrey Lewis
Africa and Its Museums: Changing of Pathways?	386	(8)
George H. Okello Abungu
The National Institute of Anthropology and History	394	(4)
Maria del Perpetuo Socorro Villareal Escarrega
How Much Provenance Is Enough? Post-Schultz Guidelines for Art Museum Acquisition of Archeological Materials and Ancient Art	398	(11)
Ildiko P. DeAngelis
Maori Taonga -- Maori Identity	409	(4)
Arapata Hakiwai
Unfolding Intangible Cultural Heritage Rights in Tangible Museum Collections: Developing Standards of Stewardship	413	(3)
Gerald R. Singer
Indigenous Cultural and Intellectual Property Rights: A Digital Library Context	416	(3)
Robert Sullivan
The Role of Museums Today: Tourism and Cultural Heritage	419	(8)
Yani Herreman
PART NINE. CARING AND SHARING: INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS AND PARTNERSHIPS FOR NATURAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION	427	(36)
Finding Solutions for Lost Cities: Indigenous Populations and Biological and Cultural Diversity	429	(7)
Alvaro Soto
Cultural Heritage Preservation: A National Trust Perspective	436	(4)
Trevor A. Carmichael
Costa Rica's Biodiversity Law: Searching for an Integral Approach to Cultural and Biological Diversity	440	(8)
Vivienne Solis Rivera
Patricia Madrigal Cordero
Partnership Paradigms Combining Microbial Discovery with Preservation of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development	448	(4)
Barbara T. Hoffman
Costa Rica's Legal Framework for the Sponsorship and Protection of Its Cultural Heritage	452	(3)
Sara Castillo Vargas
Financial Regulations and Tax Incentives with the Aim to Stimulate the Protection and Preservation of Cultural Heritage in Spain	455	(6)
Maria Rosa Suarez-Inclan Ducassi
ARPAI: The Successful Intervention of Private Citizens in the Protection of Italy's Artistic and Archaeological Heritage	461	(2)
Alida Tua
PART TEN. CREATING VALUE: CONSIDERING ARBITRATION OR MEDIATION TO RESOLVE ART AND CULTURAL PROPERTY DISPUTES	463	(26)
Arbitration of International Cultural Property Disputes: The Experience and Initiatives of the Permanent Court of Arbitration	465	(10)
Brooks W. Daly
Mediation as an Option for Resolving Disputes between Indigenous/Traditional Communities and Industry Concerning Traditional Knowledge	475	(8)
J. Christian Wichard
Wend B. Wendland
Thoughts of an Alternative Dispute Resolution Practitioner on an International ADR Regime for Repatriation of Cultural Property and Works of Art	483	(6)
Ian Barker
APPENDIX: A GUIDE TO ART AND CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCES	489	(30)
Legal Documents	489	(1)
Codes of Ethics and Position Papers	490	(1)
Bibliography	490	(1)
Efforts to Protect Cultural Property	491	(1)
Restitution of World War II Era Stolen Art	492	(1)
A Selective List of Non-Profit Organizations in Cultural and Natural Heritage Conservation	493	(1)
UNIDROIT Convention on Stolen Property, June 24, 1995	493	(5)
Public Summary Request of the People's Republic of China to the Government of the United States of America Under Article 9 of the 1970 UNESCO Convention	498	(2)
The World Bank Operational Manual Bank Procedures: Physical Cultural Resources	500	(2)
The World Bank Operational Manual Bank Procedures: Indigenous Peoples	502	(5)
ICOM Code of Ethics for Museums	507	(8)
Existing Options for the Resolution of Art and Cultural Property Disputes	515	(4)
Index	519