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Marilyn Stokstad, teacher, art historian, and museum curator, has been a leader in her field for decades and has served as president of the College Art Association and the International Center of Medieval Art. In 2002, she was awarded the lifetime achievement award from the National Women’s Caucus for Art. In 1997, she was awarded the Governor’s Arts Award as Kansas Art Educator of the Year and an honorary degree of doctor of humane letters by Carleton College. She is Judith Harris Murphy Distinguished Professor Emerita at the University of Kansas, Lawrence. She has also served in various leadership capacities at the University’s Spencer Museum of Art and is Consultative Curator of Medieval Art at the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art in Kansas City, Missouri
Michael W. Cothren is Scheuer Family Professor of Humanities at Swarthmore College, where he has also served as Art Department Chair, Coordinator of Medieval Studies, and Divisional Chair of the Humanities. Since arriving at Swarthmore in 1978, he has taught specialized courses on Medieval, Roman, and Islamic art and architecture, as well as seminars on visual narrative and on theory and method, but he particularly enjoys teaching the survey to Swarthmore beginners. His research and publications focus on French Gothic art and architecture, most recently in a book on the stained glass of Beauvais Cathedral entitled Picturing the Celestial City. Michael is a consultative curator at the Glencairn Museum in Bryn Athyn, Pennsylvania. He has served on the board of the International Center of Medieval Art and as President both of the American Committee of the International Corpus Vitrearum and of his local school board. When not teaching, writing, or pursuing art historical research, you can finding him hiking in the red rocks around Sedona, Arizona.
BRIEF CONTENTS
CONTENTS vii
Chapter 8 ISLAMIC ART 261
Chapter 9 ART OF SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIA BEFORE 1200 291
Chapter 10 CHINESE AND KOREAN ART BEFORE 1279 325
Chapter 11 JAPANESE ART BEFORE 1333 355
Chapter 12 ART OF THE AMERICAS BEFORE 1300 377
Chapter 13 EARLY AFRICAN ART 403
CONTEMPORARY WORLD MAP
GLOSSARY
BIBLIOGRAPHY
CREDITS
INDEX
DETAILED CONTENTS
CONTENTS vii
CHAPTER 8 ISLAMIC ART 261
ISLAM AND EARLY ISLAMIC SOCIETY 262
ART AND ARCHITECTURE THROUGH THE FOURTEENTH CENTURY 265
Early Architecture 265
THE LATER PERIOD 270
Architecture of the Mediterranean 271
Architecture of the East 275
Portable Arts 276
The Arts of the Book 279
Manuscript Painting 280
ART AND ARCHITECTURE OF THE THREE EMPIRES 282
The Ottoman Empire 282
The Safavid Dynasty 285
Mughal Dynasty 288
THE MODERN ERA 289
BOXES
ART AND ITS CONTEXTS
The Five Pillars of Islam 267
THE OBJECT SPEAKS
The Great Mosque of Cordoba 268
A CLOSER LOOK
A Mamluk Glass Oil Lamp 273
ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE
Arches 271
TECHNIQUE
Ornament 264
Carpet Making 286
CHAPTER 9 ART OF SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIA BEFORE 1200 291
THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT 292
INDUS CIVILIZATION 292
THE VEDIC PERIOD 295
THE MAURYA PERIOD 295
THE PERIOD OF THE SHUNGAS AND EARLY ANDHRAS 298
Stupas 298
Buddhist Rock-Cut Halls 302
THE KUSHAN AND LATER ANDHRA PERIODS 302
The Gandhara Style 303
The Mathura Style 303
The Southeast Indian Style 305
THE FOURTH THROUGH SEVENTH CENTURIES 306
Buddhist Sculpture 306
Painting 306
The Early Northern Temple 308
Monumental Narrative Reliefs 309
The Early Southern Temple 312
THE EIGHTH THROUGH THE FOURTEENTH CENTURIES 312
The Monumental Northern Temple 313
The Monumental Southern Temple 317
The Bhakti Movement in Art 318
ART OF SOUTHEAST ASIA 319
BOXES
ART AND ITS CONTEXTS
Buddhism 297
Hinduism 298
Mudras 304
Meaning and Ritual in Hindu Temples and Images 310
THE OBJECT SPEAKS
Shiva Nataraja of the Chola Dynasty 314
A CLOSER LOOK
Descent of the Ganges Relief, Mamallapuram 313
ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE
Stupas and Temples 301
CHAPTER 10 CHINESE AND KOREAN ART BEFORE 1279 325
THE MIDDLE KINGDOM 326
NEOLITHIC CULTURES 326
Painted Pottery Cultures 326
Liangzhu Culture 326
BRONZE AGE CHINA 328
Shang Dynasty 328
Zhou Dynasty 329
THE CHINESE EMPIRE: QIN DYNASTY 332
HAN DYNASTY 332
Philosophy and Art 333
Architecture 335
SIX DYNASTIES 335
Painting 336
Calligraphy 337
Buddhist Art and Architecture 338
SUI AND TANG DYNASTIES 338
Buddhist Art and Architecture 339
Figure Painting 343
SONG DYNASTY 344
Philosophy: Neo-Confucianism 345
Northern Song Painting 345
Southern Song Painting and Ceramics 348
THE ARTS OF KOREA 350
The Three Kingdoms Period 350
The Unified Silla Period 352
Goryeo Dynasty 352
BOXES
ART AND ITS CONTEXTS
Chinese Characters 331
Daoism 334
Confucius and Confucianism 337
THE OBJECT SPEAKS
The Silk Road during the Tang Period 342
A CLOSER LOOK
Rubbing of a stone relief 335
ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE
Pagodas 345
TECHNIQUE
Piece-Mold Casting 329
CHAPTER 11 JAPANESE ART BEFORE 1333 355
PREHISTORIC JAPAN 356
Jomon Period 356
Yayoi Period 356
Kofun Period 356
ASUKA PERIOD 359
Horyuji 360
NARA PERIOD 361
HEIAN PERIOD 363
Esoteric Buddhist Art 363
Pure Land Buddhist Art 365
Secular Painting and Calligraphy 367
KAMAKURA PERIOD 370
Pure Land Buddhist Art 371
Zen Buddhist Art 375
BOXES
ART AND ITS CONTEXTS
Writing, Language, and Culture 357
Buddhist Symbols 362
Arms and Armor 371
THE OBJECT SPEAKS
Daruma, Founder of Zen 374
A CLOSER LOOK
The Tale of Genji 368
TECHNIQUE
Joined-Block Wood Sculpture 366
RECOVERING THE PAST
The Great Buddha Hall 364
CHAPTER 12 ART OF THE AMERICAS BEFORE 1300 377
THE NEW WORLD 378
MESOAMERICA 378
The Olmec 378
Teotihuacan 381
The Maya 384
CENTRAL AMERICA 390
SOUTH AMERICA: THE CENTRAL ANDES 391
Chavin de Huantar 391
The Paracas and Nazca Cultures 392
The Moche Culture 393
NORTH AMERICA 395
The East 395
The North American Southwest 397
BOXES
ART AND ITS CONTEXTS
Maya Writing 385
The Cosmic Ballgame 389
THE OBJECT SPEAKS
Rock Art 400
A CLOSER LOOK
Maya Stela 387
TECHNIQUE
Andean Textiles 394
CHAPTER 13 EARLY AFRICAN ART 403
THE LURE OF ANCIENT AFRICA 404
AFRICA–THE CRADLE OF ART AND CIVILIZATION 404
AFRICAN ROCK ART 404
Saharan Rock Art 405
SUB-SAHARAN CIVILIZATIONS 406
Nok 407
Igbo-Ukwu 408
Ife 409
Benin 410
OTHER URBAN CENTERS 416
Jenné 416
Great Zimbabwe 417
Aksum and Lalibela 419
Kongo Kingdom 419
EXPORTING TO THE WEST 421
BOXES
ART AND ITS CONTEXTS
The Myth of “Primitive” Art 406
Southern African Rock Art 408
THE OBJECT SPEAKS
A Warrior Chief Pledging Loyalty 414
A CLOSER LOOK
Igbo-Ukwu 413
TECHNIQUE
Lost-Wax Casting 415
CONTEMPORARY WORLD MAP
GLOSSARY
BIBLIOGRAPHY
CREDITS
INDEX
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