Asperger Syndrome or High-Functioning Autism?

by Schopler, Eric; Mesibov, Gary B.; Kunce, Linda J.

• ISBN13: 9780306457463
• ISBN10: 0306457466
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1998-05-01
• Publisher: Plenum Pub Corp

Summary

The precise relationship between high-functioning autism and Asperger Syndrome is still a subject of debate. In this volume, leaders in the field provide a general overview of the disorder and present diverse opinions on - diagnosis and assessment - neuropsychological issues - treatment, and - related conditions. A special section features personal essays by individuals diagnosed with autism or Asperger Syndrome. The result is a comprehensive and useful survey of the current state of the field that will be of great interest to clinicians, teachers, researchers, and parents.

Table of Contents

Part I: Overview	3	(76)
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION	3	(8)
Eric Schopler
Gary B. Mesibov
References	9	(2)
Chapter 2 THE HISTORY OF ASPERGER SYNDROME	11	(18)
Lorna Wing
Asperger's Description of His Syndrome	12	(1)
The Syndrome in Legends and Fiction	13	(1)
The Syndrome in Psychiatric Literature before 1944	14	(1)
The Syndrome in Psychiatric Literature after 1944	15	(2)
Asperger Syndrome by Other Names	17	(1)
Association with Other Developmental and Psychiatric Disorders	18	(1)
The Classification of Asperger Syndrome	19	(1)
Is Asperger Syndrome a Specific Entity?	20	(2)
The Hypothesis of the Autistic Spectrum	22	(2)
Evaluation of Asperger's Contribution	24	(1)
References	25	(4)
Chapter 3 SUBTYPING PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER: ISSUES OF VALIDITY AND IMPLICATIONS FOR CHILD PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSIS	29	(32)
John C. Pomeroy
Introduction	29	(1)
Before DSM-III	30	(8)
Validating PDD Subtypes	38	(13)
DSM-IV and Beyond	51	(2)
Conclusion	53	(3)
References	56	(4)
Appendix	60	(1)
Chapter 4 DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF ASPERGER DISORDER	61	(18)
Peter Szatmari
Introduction	61	(1)
The Diagnosis of Asperger Syndrome	62	(4)
Differential Diagnosis	66	(7)
Conclusion	73	(1)
References	74	(5)
Part II: Diagnostic and Assessment Issues	79	(66)
Chapter 5 HIGH-FUNCTIONING PEOPLE WITH AUTISM AND ASPERGER SYNDROME: A LITERATURE REVIEW	79	(28)
Christopher Gillberg
Stephan Ehlers
Introduction	79	(2)
Diagnostic Definitions and Issues	81	(5)
Prevalence	86	(1)
Sex Ratios	86	(1)
Background Factors	87	(6)
Differential Diagnosis and Comorbidity	93	(2)
Workup in AS and HFA	95	(1)
Outcome	96	(2)
Intervention	98	(2)
Conclusions	100	(1)
References	100	(7)
Chapter 6 ASPERGER SYNDROME AND NONVERBAL LEARNING DISABILITIES	107	(16)
Fred R. Volkmar
Ami Klin
Introduction	107	(1)
Asperger Syndrome: Historical Background	108	(2)
Current Definitions	110	(2)
Validity of Asperger Syndrome Apart from Autism	112	(1)
Nonverbal Learning Disabilities	113	(6)
Summary	119	(1)
References	119	(4)
Chapter 7 SCHIZOID PERSONALITY IN CHILDHOOD: THE LINKS WITH ASPERGER SYNDROME, SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM DISORDERS, AND ELECTIVE MUTISM	123	(22)
Sula Wolff
Introduction	123	(1)
Schizoid Personality in Childhood and Its Relationship to Asperger's Autistic Psychopathy	124	(3)
Schizoid Personality as Part of the Schizophrenia Spectrum	127	(1)
The Links with Autism	128	(3)
Is There a Common Genetic Factor for Autism and Schizophrenia?	131	(1)
Personality or Pervasive Developmental Disorder?	131	(1)
The Features of Schizoid Personality in Relation to Current Concepts of Asperger Syndrome	132	(1)
The Psychosocial Adjustment of Schizoid Children Grown-Up	133	(1)
The Treatment Needs of Schizoid Children	134	(1)
The Association with Language Disorders and Elective Mutism	135	(2)
Concluding Remarks	137	(1)
References	138	(7)
Part III: Neuropsychological Issues	145	(22)
Chapter 8 NEUROBIOLOGY OF ASPERGER SYNDROME: SEVEN CASE STUDIES AND QUANTITATIVE MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING FINDINGS	145	(22)
Alan Lincoln
Eric Courchesne
Mark Allen
Ellen Hanson
Michaela Ene
Introduction	145	(7)
Results	152	(5)
Discussion	157	(3)
References	160	(7)
Part IV: Treatment Issues	167	(126)
Chapter 9 SOCIAL STORIES AND COMIC STRIP CONVERSATIONS WITH STUDENTS WITH ASPERGER SYNDROME AND HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM	167	(32)
Carol A. Gray
Rationale	168	(3)
Social Stories	171	(12)
Comic Strip Conversations	183	(10)
Research, Outcomes, and Further Study	193	(2)
Summary	195	(1)
References	196	(3)
Chapter 10 LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION IN HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM AND ASPERGER SYNDROME	199	(28)
Diane Twachtman-Cullen
Introduction	199	(3)
Normal Language Development	202	(1)
The Components of the Communication System	203	(6)
Social-Cognitive Deficits in Communication Impairment	209	(4)
Language and Communication Characteristics Seen in High-Functioning Autism and Asperger Syndrome	213	(7)
Intervention Considerations	220	(1)
The Relationship between High-Functioning Autism and Asperger Syndrome	221	(1)
Summary	222	(1)
References	223	(4)
Chapter 11 EDUCATIONAL APPROACHES TO HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM AND ASPERGER SYNDROME	227	(36)
Linda Kunce
Gary B. Mesibov
HFA versus AS and Educational Intervention	229	(1)
Structured Teaching with HFA and AS	230	(15)
Structured Approaches to Behaviors, Emotions, and Other Issues of Concern	245	(10)
Summary and Conclusion	255	(1)
References	256	(7)
Chapter 12 ASSESSMENT AND REMEDIATION OF EXECUTIVE DYSFUNCTION IN AUTISM AND ASPERGER SYNDROME	263	(30)
Sally Ozonoff
Executive Functions and the Frontal Lobes	264	(2)
Empirical Investigations of Executive Function	266	(4)
Assessment of Executive Functions	270	(6)
The Importance of Remediation	276	(1)
Treatment Strategies for Executive Dysfunction	277	(5)
Conclusion	282	(1)
References	283	(10)
Part V: Related Conditions	293	(52)
Chapter 13 REPETITIVE THOUGHTS AND BEHAVIOR IN PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS: PHENOMENOLOGY AND PHARMACOTHERAPY	293	(24)
Christopher J. McDougle
Overview	293	(1)
Phenomenology	294	(5)
Summary and Discussion of Phenomenology	299	(1)
Pharmacotherapy	300	(1)
Clomipramine	301	(2)
Fluvoxamine	303	(4)
Fluoxetine	307	(1)
Sertraline	308	(1)
Summary and Discussion of Pharmacotherapy	309	(1)
Conclusion	309	(4)
References	313	(4)
Chapter 14 LEARNING CHARACTERISTICS OF INDIVIDUALS WITH ASPERGER SYNDROME	317	(28)
Stephen R. Hooper
Myra Beth Bundy
Introduction	317	(1)
Studies Examining the Learning Characteristics of Individuals with Asperger Syndrome	318	(13)
Selected Models of Learning Disabilities and Their Utility for Understanding Asperger Syndrome	331	(3)
Comparison of the Learning Characteristics of Individuals with Asperger Syndrome versus High-Functioning Autism	334	(1)
Ongoing Issues and Future Directions	335	(3)
Summary	338	(1)
References	338	(7)
Part VI: Personal Essays	345	(40)
Chapter 15 A PERSONAL ACCOUNT OF AUTISM	345	(12)
Thomas A. MCKean
Introduction	345	(5)
Sensory Sensitivities	350	(2)
Social Interaction	352	(1)
Advice for New Parents	353	(2)
Advice for Professionals	355	(1)
Conclusion	356	(1)
Chapter 16 AN ESSAY OF FAITH, PERSERVERANCE, AND HARD WORK	357	(6)
Jeffrey B. Pigott
Chapter 17 HOW FATE TAUGHT ME THE VIOLIN	363	(4)
Darien Brooks
Chapter 18 HOW THE DIAGNOSIS OF ASPERGER'S HAS INFLUENCED MY LIFE	367	(10)
Van Bruce MacDonald
Chapter 19 AUTISTIC AND UNDIAGNOSED: MY CAUTIONARY TALE	377	(8)
Dave Spicer
Overview	377	(1)
Internal Mechanisms	377	(3)
Results	380	(1)
Suggestions	381	(4)
Part VII: Conclusion	385	(16)
Chapter 20 PREMATURE POPULARIZATION OF ASPERGER SYNDROME	385	(16)
Eric Schopler
Context Theories	385	(1)
History of Controversy	386	(2)
Corrective Efforts to Establish AS Diagnostic Criteria	388	(2)
Empirical Research Evidence	390	(4)
Cultural Psychology Factors	394	(1)
Consequences of the AS Label	395	(2)
Conclusion	397	(1)
References	397	(4)
Index	401