Assessment Methods for Soil Carbon

by Kimble; John M.

• ISBN13: 9781566704618
• ISBN10: 1566704618
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-12-28
• Publisher: CRC Press

Summary

Since carbon sequestration in soils reduces the amount of carbon available to the atmosphere, the Kyoto Protocols have heightened interest in soil carbon pools and their effect on carbon fluxes. Assessment Methods for Soil Carbon addresses many of the questions related to the measurement, monitoring, and verification of organic and inorganic carbon in soils. The major topics covered are: carbon pools; soil sampling and preparation, analytical techniques for soil carbon; soil erosion and sedimentation; remote sensing, GIS and modeling; procedures for scaling carbon data from point and local measurements to regional and even national scales; and economic and policy issues. In Assessment Methods for Soil Carbon, leading researchers show that we now have the ability to measure, monitor, and verify changes to soil carbon. The book establishes the need for standardized methods that can be used by anyone, and helps us better understand the link between the pedosphere (soils) and the atmosphere. It also shows the importance of developing links between the economics of carbon sequestration and the amounts sequestered, and highlights the need for scientists and policy makers to interact to ensure that policies fit within the scope of present technologies.

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION

Methods for Assessing Soil C Pools, J.M. Kimble, R. Lal, and R.F. Follett

SOIL SAMPLING AND SAMPLE PREPARATION

Methodology for Sampling and Preparation for Soil Carbon Determination, J. Kimble, R.B. Grossman, and S. Samson-Liebig

Importance of Soil Bulk Density and Methods of its Measurement, R. Lal and J. Kimble

The Effects of Terrain Position and Elevation on Soil C in the Southern Appalachians, P.V. Bolstad and J.M. Vose

Approaching "Functional" Soil Organic Matter Pools Through Particle-Size Fractionation: Examples for Tropical Soils, C. Feller, J. Balesdent, B. Nicolardot and C. Cerri

Spatial Variability: Enhancing the Mean Estimate of Organic and Inorganic Carbon in a Sampling Unit, L.P. Wilding, L.R. Drees, and L.C. Nordt

Assessment of Soil Organic Carbon Using the U.S. Soil Survey, R.B. Grossman, D.S. Harms, D.F. Kingsbury, R.K. Shaw, and A.B. Jenkins

Organic Carbon Methods, Microbial Biomass, Root Biomass, and Sampling Design Under Development by NRCS, C.D. Franks, J.M. Kimble, S.E. Samson-Liebig, and T.M. Sobecki

ASSESSMENT OF CARBON POOLS

Characterization of Soil Organic Carbon Pools, H.H. Cheng, and J. Kimble

Measuring and Comparing Soil Carbon Storage, B.H. Ellert, H.H. Janzen, and B.G. McConkey

Estimating Total System C in Small Hold and Farming Systems of the East African Highlands, P. Woomer, N.K. Karanja, and E.W. Murage

Assessment and Significance of Labile Organic C Pools in Forest Soils, P.K. Khanna, B. Ludwig, J. Bauhus, and C. O'Hara

ASSESSMENT OF ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES

Interlaboratory Carbon Isotope Measurement on Five Soils, R.F. Follett and E.G. Pruessner

The Determination of Soil C Pool Sizes and Turnover Rates: Biophysical Fractionation and Tracers, E.A. Paul, S.J. Morris, and S. B÷hm

Ecozone and Soil Profile Screening for C-Residence Time, Rejuvenation, Bomb 14C Photosyntheticd13C Changes, H.W. Scharpenseel, E.M. Pfeiffer, and P. Becker-Heidmann

Use of 13C Isotopes to Determine Net Carbon Sequestration in Soil Under Ambient and Elevated CO2, W.R. Horwath, C. Van Kessel, U. Hartwig, and D. Harris

Methods Using Amino Sugars as Markers for Microbial Residues in Soil, W. Amelung

Characterization of Soil Organic Matter, C.L. Ping, G.J. Michaelson, X.Y. Dai, and R.J. Candler

Fractioning Soil in Stable Aggregates Using a Rainfall Simulator, G.C. Starr, R. Lal, and J. Kimble

Towards an Efficient Method for Measuring Total Organic Carbon Stocks in Forests, G.R. Smith

Soil Organic Matter Elevation, R.A. Rossell, J.C. Gasparoni, and J.A. Galantini

The Development of the KMnO4 Oxidation Technique to Determine Labile Carbon in Soil and Its Use in a Carbon Index Management, G. Blair, R. Lefroy, A. Whitbread, N. Blair, and A. Conteh

Effects of Soil Morphological and Physical Properties on Estimation of Carbon Storage in Arctic Soils, G.J. Michaelson, C.L. Ping, and J.M. Kimble

Estimation of Particulate and Total Organic Matter by Weight-Loss-on-Ignition, C.A. Camberdella, A.M. Gajda, J.W. Doran, B.J. Wienhold, and T.A. Kettler

Use of Near Infrared Spectroscopy to Determine Inorganic and Organic Carbon Fractions in Soil and Litter, B. Ludwig and P.K. Khanna

Development of Rapid Instrumental Methods for Measuring Soil Organic Carbon, G.W. McCarty and J.B. Reeves, III

Soil Quality Evaluations of Alternative and Conventional Management Systems in the Great Plains, A.M. Gajda, J.W. Doran, T.A. Kettler, B.J. Wienhold, J.L. Pikul, Jr., and C.A. Cambardella

SOIL EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION

137Cs for Measuring Soil Erosion and Redeposition: Application for Understanding Soil Carbon, J.C. Ritchie

Assessing the Impact of Erosion on Soil Organic Carbon Pools and Fluxes, G.C. Starr, R. Lal, and J. Kimble, and L. Owens

Assessing Water Erosion Impacts on Soil Carbon Pools and Fluxes, P.A. Jacinthe, R. Lal, and J. Kimble

Soil Organic Carbon Erosion Assessment by Cesium-137, Y. Hao, R. Lal, L.B. Owens, and R. C. Izaurralde

MODELING AND SCALING PROCEDURES

A Simple Model to Estimate Soil Carbon Dynamics at the BOREAS Northern Study Area, Manitoba, Canada, G. Rapalee

Methods Used to Create the North American Soil Organic Carbon Digital Database, R. Lacelle, S. Waltman, N. Bliss, and F. Orozco-Chavez

Basic Principles for Soil Carbon Sequestration and Calculating Dynamic Country-Level Balances Including Future Scenarios, O. AndrTn and T. KStterer

Examining the Carbon Stocks of Boreal Forest Ecosystems at Stand and Regional Scales, J.S. Bhatti, M.J. Apps, and H. Jiang

Predicting Broadscale C Stores of Woody Detritus from Plot Data, M.E. Harmon, O.N. Krankina, M. Yatskov, and E. Matthews

Soil C Dynamics: Measurement, Simulation, and Site-to-Region Scale-Up, R.C. Izaurralde, K.H. Haugen-Kozyra, D.C. Jans, W.B. McGill, R.F. Grant, and J.C. Hiley

Some Factors Affecting the Distributions of Carbon in Soils of a Dryland Agricultural System in Southwestern Australia, R.J. Harper and R.J. Gilkes

A National Inventory of Changes in Soil Carbon from National Resources Inventory Data, M.D. Eve, K. Paustian, R. Follett, and E.T. Elliot

ECONOMICS AND POLICY ISSUES

Assessing the Economics of Carbon Sequestration in Agriculture, L. Tweeten, B. Sohngen, and J. Hopkins

Climate Change Policy and the Agricultural Sector, D. Zilberman and D. Sunding

Approaches to Assessing Carbon Credits and Identifying Trading Mechanisms, A. Manale

SYNTHESIS

Methodological Challenges Toward Balancing Soil C Pools and Fluxes, R. Lal, J.M. Kimble, and R.F. Follett