Asset Forfeiture Practice and Procedure in State and Federal Courts

by Edgeworth, Dee R.

• ISBN13: 9781604420630
• ISBN10: 1604420634
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2009-05-16
• Publisher: American Bar Association

Summary

The practice of asset forfeiture is a key part of the government's efforts to combat major criminal activities and has helped stem the mounting societal costs associated with financially motivated crime and taken the financial incentive out of criminal activity. This how to, practical guide to the common legal issues faced by the asset forfeiture litigators is written for both the criminal defense attorney and the criminal prosecutor.

Table of Contents

Tables	p. ix
Foreword to the Second Edition	p. xiii
Foreword to the First Edition	p. xvii
Preface	p. xxi
Acknowledgments	p. xxiii
Introduction	p. xxvii
Forfeiture Terminology	p. 1
Introduction	p. 1
Definition	p. 1
Jurisdiction	p. 1
Methods of Forfeiture	p. 3
Theories of Forfeiture	p. 12
Concepts of Forfeiture	p. 16
Comparison of Forfeiture Laws	p. 17
Summary	p. 21
Property Subject to Forfeiture	p. 23
Introduction	p. 23
History of Federal Forfeiture	p. 23
Types of Federal Forfeiture	p. 24
Federal Civil Forfeiture	p. 30
Federal Criminal Forfeiture	p. 33
History of State Forfeiture	p. 34
Types of State Forfeiture	p. 35
Analysis of State Forfeiture Statutes	p. 39
Comparison of Federal and State Forfeiture Statutes	p. 44
Seizure of Property for Civil Forfeiture	p. 47
General Principles	p. 47
Judicial Authorization	p. 47
Constitutional Considerations	p. 55
Forfeiture Receipts	p. 56
Special Circumstances	p. 56
Substitute Res/Release and Bond Out	p. 58
Real Property Seizures	p. 58
Status Quo or Freeze Orders	p. 59
Attorney Fees	p. 59
Turnover Orders	p. 60
Initiation of Civil Forfeiture Proceedings	p. 65
Introduction	p. 65
Federal Equitable Sharing	p. 65
Administrative Forfeiture	p. 67
Petition for Remission or Mitigation	p. 70
Federal Judicial Forfeiture	p. 73
State Judicial Civil Forfeiture	p. 75
Application for Filing	p. 83
The Filing Decision	p. 84
Service of Process	p. 85
Civil Pretrial Motions	p. 87
Overview	p. 87
Standing	p. 87
Standing Motion Procedures	p. 94
Strategic Advantages of Standing Motion	p. 96
Fugitive Disentitlement	p. 97
Appointment of Counsel	p. 97
Motion for Return of Property	p. 99
Provisional Remedies	p. 100
Hardship Provision	p. 101
Probable Cause Hearing	p. 102
Motion to Set Aside Default	p. 105
Motion to Dismiss/Demurrer	p. 107
Statute of Limitations	p. 109
Suppression Motion	p. 110
Preemption	p. 115
Motion Strategy	p. 115
Civil Discovery	p. 117
Introduction	p. 117
Civil Discovery Overview	p. 117
Interrogatories	p. 118
Request for Production of Documents	p. 120
Deposition	p. 121
Protective Order	p. 123
Motion to Compel	p. 124
Request for Admissions	p. 125
Summary Judgment	p. 126
Settlement	p. 129
Civil Trial Proceedings	p. 131
Trial Setting	p. 131
Right to Jury Trial	p. 132
Criminal Conviction	p. 136
Proof at Trial	p. 137
Nexus	p. 143
Trial Evidence	p. 146
Trial Presumptions	p. 152
Trial Defenses	p. 158
Judgment	p. 178
Attorney Fees	p. 179
Pre-judgment Interest and Costs	p. 181
Judicial In Personam Trial Procedures	p. 182
Summary	p. 183
Criminal Forfeiture Proceedings	p. 185
Introduction	p. 185
Federal Criminal Forfeiture	p. 185
Initiation	p. 186
Seizure of Property	p. 186
Remission/Mitigation	p. 190
Plea Agreement	p. 191
Trial Procedure	p. 191
Preliminary Order of Forfeiture	p. 194
Ancillary Hearing	p. 196
Final Order	p. 202
State Criminal Forfeiture Procedure	p. 203
Parallel Proceedings	p. 207
Background: "Tale of Two Cases"	p. 207
Introduction	p. 208
Grand Jury Information	p. 209
Civil Discovery and the Fifth Amendment Privilege Against Self-Incrimination	p. 209
Stay of the Civil Case	p. 211
Fifth Amendment Double Jeopardy Clause	p. 213
Res Judicata and Collateral Estoppel	p. 215
Tactical Considerations and Options	p. 217
Summary	p. 219
Disposition of Forfeited Property	p. 221
Introduction	p. 221
Federal Distribution	p. 221
Federal Equitable Sharing	p. 222
Use of Equitably Shared Federal Funds	p. 223
State Distribution	p. 224
Summary	p. 235
Real Property Forfeitures	p. 239
Introduction	p. 239
Theories of Forfeiture	p. 239
Seizure of Real Property	p. 244
Statutory Protections	p. 245
Homestead Exemption	p. 247
Mortgagee/Lienholder	p. 248
Costs	p. 250
Summary	p. 251
Constitutional Protections	p. 253
Introduction	p. 253
Eighth Amendment Excessive Fines Clause	p. 253
Fifth Amendment Double Jeopardy Clause	p. 266
Fifth and Fourteenth Amendment Due Process Clause	p. 275
Conclusion	p. 283
Ethical Considerations	p. 285
Introduction	p. 285
Areas of Concern	p. 285
Ethical Guidelines	p. 286
Comparison of Ethical Guidelines	p. 295
Purpose of Forfeiture	p. 296
Use of Forfeited Funds	p. 298
Audit	p. 298
Property Management	p. 299
Settlement	p. 299
ABA Statement of Principles Regarding Asset Forfeiture	p. 302
Conclusion	p. 305
Table of Authorities	p. 309
Cases	p. 309
Statutes	p. 363
Rules	p. 395
Selected Bibliography	p. 399
Index	p. 401
About the Author	p. 405
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