Atomic Physics

by El-Hewie, Mohamed F.

• ISBN13: 9781463791636
• ISBN10: 1463791631
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2011-08-03
• Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub

Summary

This volume encompasses eight chapters from my personal study notes which cover all courses and notes in my study of Nuclear Engineering, from high school throughout my post-doctorate associateship.TABLE OF CONTENTSCHAPTER 1: ELECTRIC DISCHARGE THROUGH GASES1.1. Electric Discharge under normal gas pressureIonizationIonization by collisionDisruptive dischargeSparking potential and pressure of gasSparking potential and distance between electrodesPaschen's lawNature of discharge: Brush, spark and corona dischargesMobility of ionsMobility and Nature of the ionsMobility and Ionic MassMobility and Gas PressureMobility and TemperatureDecay of the ions-Recombination1.2. Electric Discharge under Low Gas PressureBehavior of emission of radiation in discharge tubeDiscoveries of the cathode tubeCathode raysPositive raysX-raysGeissler tubeSodium vapor lampMercury vapor lampFluorescent lampsCHAPTER 2: THE ELECTRON. CHARGE TO MASS RATIO (e/m)Thomson's MethodCHARGE OF THE ELECTRONMethods using the Cloud ChamberWilson Cloud ChamberThomson's cloud chamber experimentH.A. Wilson's experimentMillikan's oil drop methodMASS OF THE ELECTRONRADIUS OF THE ELECTRONCHAPTER 3: THE ELECTRON THEORYELECTRICAL CONDUCTION IN METALSTHERMAL CONDUCTIVITYTHERMOELECTRIC EFFECTSSeebeck effectPeltier effectThomson effectMAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MATERIALSMethods of measuring magnetic susceptibilityFaraday methodCurie magnetic balanceGouy methodRowland methodDiamagnetismParamagnetismFerromagnetismsVariation of magnetization with fieldMagnetic properties of alloysHeusler alloysMagneto-strictionMagneto-thermal effectsTHEORETICAL INVESTIGATIONSLangevin's theory of diamagnetismLangevin's theory of paramagnetismWeiss molecular field theory of paramagnetismWeiss theory of ferromagnetismZEEMAN EFFECTCRITICISM OF THE ELECTRON THEORYMAJOR APPLICATIONS OF ELECTRON EMISSIONTHERMIONIC EMISSIONThe Schottky effectCold emissionThe shot effect3.8.2. PHOTOELECTRIC EMISSION3.8.3. PRACTICAL APPLIANCES OF ELECTRON BEAMS3.8.3. I. THERMIONIC VALVESCHAPTER 4: POSITIVE RAYSPOSITIVE RAYSSources of positive raysTHOMSON'S PARABOLA METHOD OF POSITIVE RAY ANALYSISASTON'S MASS SPECTROGRAPHDEMPSTER'S MASS SPECTROGPAPHBAINBRIDGE'S MASS SPECTROGRAPHNIER'S MASS SPECTROGRAPHBAINBRIDGE AND JORDAN DOUBLE-FOCUSING MASS SPECTROGRAPHTHE ISOTOPIC CONSTITUTION OF ELEMENTSCHAPTER 5: X-RaysX-RaysPRODUCTION AND DETECTION OF X-RAYSThe betatronThe ionizing power of X-raysWAVE NATURE OF X-RAYSEXPERIMENT OF LAUE, FRIEDRICH AND KNIPPINGEXPERIMENTAL METHODS OF MEASURING FOR X-RAYSCRYSTAL X-RAY SPECTROMETERRULED GRATING X-RAY SPECTROGRAPHELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY OF X-RAYSTHE STRUCTURE OF CRYSTALSCHAPTER 6: RADIOACTIVITYRADIOACTIVITYDISCOVERY OF RADIOACTIVITYINITIAL RESEARCHES ON RADIOACTIVITYFUNDAMENTAL LAWS OF RADIOACTIVITYMEASUREMENT OF THE CONSTANTS OF RADIOACTIVE DISINTEGRATIONRADIOACTIVE TIME SCALESALPHA RAYSBETA-RAYSBECQUEREL'S EXPERIMENTKAUFMANN'S EXPERIMENTBUCHERER'S EXPERIMENTEXPERIMENT OF GUYE AND LAVANCHYGAMMA-RAYSWAVELENGTHS OF THE GAMMA-RAYSUSES OF RADIOACTIVITYCHAPTER 7: THE THEORY OF RELATIVITYTHE THEORY OF RELATIVITYORIGIN OF THE THEORY OF RELATIVITYMICHELSON-MORLEY EXPERIMENTTROUTON-NOBLE EXPERIMENTEINSTEIN'S REVOLUTIONARY IDEAEINSTEIN'S THEORY OF RELATIVITYSPECIAL THEORY OF RELATIVITYIMPORTANT CONCLUSIONS OF THE SPECIAL THEORY OF RELATIVITYGENERAL THEORY OF RELATIVITYCHAPTER 8: THE QUANTUM THEORY OF RADIATIONTHE QUANTUM THEORY OF RADIATIONCLASSICAL THEORIES OF LIGHTThe classical electromagnetic wave theoryQUANTUM THEORY OF RADIATIONQUANTUM THEORY OF RADIATION LIGHT QUANTA OR PHOTONSThe photoelectric effectMILLIKAN'S EXPERIMENTEXPERIMENT OF MAURICE DE BROGLIEThe Compton effectCRITICISM OF THE QUANTUM THEORY OF RADIATIONBIBLIOGRAPHY