Automated Biometrics

by Zhang, David D.

• ISBN13: 9780792378563
• ISBN10: 0792378563
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-05-01
• Publisher: Kluwer Academic Pub

Summary

Biometrics-based authentication and identification are emerging as the most reliable method to authenticate and identify individuals. Biometrics requires that the person to be identified be physically present at the point-of-identification and relies on 'something which you are or you do' to provide better security, increased efficiency, and improved accuracy. Automated biometrics deals with physiological or behavioral characteristics such as fingerprints, signature, palmprint, iris, hand, voice and face that can be used to authenticate a person's identity or establish an identity from a database. With rapid progress in electronic and Internet commerce, there is also a growing need to authenticate the identity of a person for secure transaction processing. Designing an automated biometrics system to handle large population identification, accuracy and reliability of authentication are challenging tasks. Currently, there are over ten different biometrics systems that are either widely used or under development. Some automated biometrics, such as fingerprint identification and speaker verification, have received considerable attention over the past 25 years, and some issues like face recognition and iris-based authentication have been studied extensively resulting in successful development of biometrics systems in commercial applications. However, very few books are exclusively devoted to such issues of automated biometrics. Automated Biometrics: Technologies and Systems systematically introduces the technologies and systems, and explores how to design the corresponding systems with in-depth discussion. The issues addressed in this book are highly relevant to many fundamental concerns of both researchers and practitioners of automated biometrics in computer and system security.

Table of Contents

Preface	ix
Acknowledgements	xi
Introduction to Biometrics	1	(22)
Why Biometrics?	1	(1)
What is Biometrics?	2	(6)
How does a Biometrics System Work?	8	(5)
Where can Biometrics Systems be Applied?	13	(3)
Book Perspective	16	(7)
References	18	(5)
Part I BIOMETRICS TECHNOLOGIES
Human Body and Biometrics	23	(20)
Our Body: Overview	23	(4)
Physical Structures	27	(9)
Behavioral Characteristics	36	(3)
Ways of Behaving	39	(4)
References	42	(1)
Signal and Image Processing	43	(20)
Digital Image Processing	43	(1)
Transformation Technology	44	(3)
Image Enhancement	47	(5)
Image Restoration	52	(4)
Data Compression	56	(7)
References	61	(2)
Pattern Recognition	63	(24)
Pattern, Pattern Recognition and System	63	(1)
Image Segmentation	64	(7)
Feature Selection	71	(2)
Pattern Classification	73	(5)
Neural Networks	78	(9)
References	84	(3)
Part II PHYSICAL BIOMETRICS
Fingerprint System	87	(24)
Review of Fingerprint Systems	87	(1)
Definitions and Notations	88	(4)
Fingerprint Image Processing	92	(4)
Minutiae Determination	96	(9)
Fingerprint Matching	105	(6)
References	107	(4)
Palmprint Verification	111	(26)
A New Type of Biometrics: Palmprint	111	(3)
Datum Point Determination	114	(4)
Two Typical Features in Palmprint	118	(10)
Palmprint Classification	128	(4)
Experimental Results	132	(5)
References	134	(3)
Face Recognition	137	(22)
Introduction to Face Recognition System	137	(2)
Detection and Location of Faces	139	(7)
Features Extraction and Face Recognition	146	(6)
An Dual Eigenspaces Method for Face Recognition	152	(3)
What Should We Do Next?	155	(4)
References	156	(3)
Iris Biometrics	159	(20)
Introduction	159	(2)
Iris Recognition	161	(4)
Coordinate System	165	(3)
Texture Energy Feature	168	(3)
Experimental Results	171	(8)
References	177	(2)
Part III BEHAVIORAL BIOMETRICS
Speaker Recognition	179	(24)
Introduction	179	(1)
Principles of Speaker Recognition	180	(6)
GSMSV Method	186	(8)
Experimental Results	194	(9)
References	200	(3)
Signature System	203	(24)
Signature Verification	203	(2)
Off-line Signature	205	(3)
On-line Signature	208	(3)
A Signature Verification System	211	(5)
Internet/Intranet Signature Verification Application	216	(11)
References	225	(2)
Other Behavioral Biometrics	227	(16)
Behavioral Biometrics System	227	(2)
Keystroke Biometrics	229	(2)
Gesture Recognition	231	(3)
Gait Biometrics	234	(9)
References	239	(4)
Part IV BIOMETRICS APPLICATIONS
Biometrics User Interfaces	243	(26)
Biometrics Interfaces	243	(3)
Human-Side Interface	246	(8)
Machine-Side Interface	254	(7)
Case Study: PalmScanner Interface	261	(8)
References	266	(3)
Personal Authentication	269	(20)
Examples of Current Applications	269	(2)
Potential Application Areas	271	(3)
How to Select a Biometrics System	274	(5)
Application Programming Interface Standards	279	(7)
Information Resources	286	(3)
Biometrics Chinese Medicine	289	(24)
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)	289	(2)
Four Chinese Diagnostic Methods	291	(4)
Various Observation Types in TCM	295	(3)
Tongue Dianosis	298	(15)
References	310	(3)
Future Work in Biometrics	313	(14)
Biometrics in Internet-Ecommerce	313	(1)
Key Technologies in Biometrics	314	(5)
Integrated Biometrics	319	(3)
VLSI Biometrics	322	(5)
Index	327