Barron's How to Prepare for the Sat II

by Hitchens, Marilynn

• ISBN13: 9780764113857
• ISBN10: 0764113852
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2001-01-01
• Publisher: Barrons Test Prep

Summary

Two SAT II practice tests with answers are presented, and reflect questions in the current actual SAT II World History exam. Extensive review material chronicles human history from the earliest known societies to the modern technology-driven world community. Subject matter is organized chronologically for easy reference and review, as well as in categories covering major events, ideas, and personages. This new edition presents an ex-panded series of recall questions and answers at the end of each unit.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments	x
Notes to the Student	xii
Unit I THE BEGINNINGS OF HUMAN SOCIETY (ca. 4 Million B.C.E.-4000 B.C.E.)
The Meaning of Society	3	(2)
The Emergence of Early Human Communities and the Peopling of the Earth (ca. 4 million B.C.E.-10,000 B.C.E.)	5	(5)
Key Terms	4	(1)
Prehistory	5	(1)
Hominid Evolution	5	(5)
The Development of Agricultural Societies (ca. 10,000 B.C.E.-4000 B.C.E.)	10	(16)
Key Terms	9	(1)
Hunter-Gatherer Culture	10	(1)
The Agricultural and Pastoral Revolutions	11	(4)
Agricultural Communities	15	(1)
Unit Review	16	(1)
Cross-Regional Developments	16	(1)
Legacies	16	(1)
Quiz	16	(7)
Unit II EARLY CIVILIZATIONS TO ca. 500 B.C.E.
The Meaning of Civilization	23	(3)
The Emergence of Civilization (ca. 3000 B.C.E.-1500 B.C.E.)	26	(7)
Key Terms	25	(1)
Comparative Development of Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus Valley, Mesoamerica, and Peru	26	(5)
Achievements of Early Civilization	31	(2)
The Age of Metal (ca. 3000 B.C.E.-500 B.C.E.)	33	(6)
Key Terms	32	(1)
Bronze Technology, Nomadic Invasions, and the Development of Civilization in the Mediterranean Basin, China, and Southeast Asia	33	(2)
Iron Technology and the Comparative Development of Military Empires	35	(4)
Regional Interaction (ca. 1000 B.C.E.-600 B.C.E.)	39	(14)
Key Terms	38	(1)
Commercial Interaction	39	(1)
Religious Diaspora	40	(1)
Ecology and Migration	41	(2)
Unit Review	43	(1)
Cross-Regional Developments	43	(1)
Legacies	43	(1)
Quiz	43	(8)
Unit III SYSTEMS OF SOCIETY AND CULTURE: THE CLASSICAL AGE (ca. 1000 B.C.E.-900 C.E.)
The Meaning of Classicism	51	(2)
Classical Greek Civilization (ca. 600 B.C.E.-200 B.C.E.)	53	(13)
Key Terms	52	(1)
The Development of the Greek State System	53	(3)
The Cultural Achievements of Aegean Civilization	56	(3)
The Development of Classical Persian (Achaemenid) Civilization	59	(2)
The Hellenistic Synthesis	61	(5)
Classical Roman Civilization (ca. 500 B.C.E.-500 C.E.)	66	(13)
Key Terms	65	(1)
The Development of Roman Civilization	66	(4)
The Cultural Achievements of Rome	70	(2)
Roman Diffusion and Christianity	72	(7)
Classical Chinese Imperial Civilization (ca. 500 B.C.E.-500 C.E.)	79	(11)
Key Terms	78	(1)
Chinese Religious Tradition---Confucianism, Taoism, and Legalism	79	(2)
The Zhou (Chou), Qin (Ch'in), and Han Dynasties	81	(5)
The Silk Road	86	(4)
Classical Indian Civilization (ca. 300 B.C.E.-500 C.E.)	90	(9)
Key Terms	89	(1)
Indian Religious Tradition---Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism	90	(3)
Mauryan and Gupta Civilization	93	(6)
Classical American Civilizations (ca. 100 C.E.-900 C.E.)	99	(20)
Key Terms	98	(1)
Peoples and Cultures of the Americas	99	(6)
Unit Review	105	(1)
Cross-Regional Developments	105	(1)
Legacies	105	(2)
Quiz	107	(10)
Unit IV EXPANDING CLASSICAL SYSTEMS OF SOCIETY AND CULTURE (ca. 100 C.E.-1600 C.E.)
Historical Processes: Migrations, Rise and Fall, Diffusion, Interaction, Synthesis, and Systems of Exchange	117	(2)
Expansion of Systems of Society and Culture in East and Southeast Asia (ca. 2500 B.C.E.-1200 C.E.)	119	(11)
Key Terms	118	(1)
Polynesian Migrations (2500 B.C.E.-900 C.E.)	119	(2)
The Chinese Golden Age: Sui, Tang, and Song (Sung) Dynasties	121	(4)
Nara and Heian Japan (700 C.E.-1200 C.E.)	125	(2)
Khmer Cambodia (800 C.E.-1200 C.E.)	127	(3)
The Rise of Islamic Civilization (ca. 600 C.E.-1200 C.E.)	130	(13)
Key Terms	129	(1)
The Islamic Cultural Synthesis	130	(2)
The Spread of Islam	132	(4)
The African Kingdoms and City-States	136	(7)
The Byzantine Empire and Kievan State (ca. 500 C.E.-1453 C.E.)	143	(6)
Key Terms	142	(1)
The Byzantine Empire	143	(2)
The Kievan State	145	(4)
The Rise of Feudal States (ca. 500 C.E.-1600 C.E.)	149	(23)
Key Terms	148	(1)
Interpreting Feudal Interruptions	149	(1)
Medieval Western Europe	150	(4)
Feudal Japan	154	(4)
Other Societies in Collapse---Russia and the Americas	158	(3)
Unit Review	161	(1)
Cross-Regional Developments	161	(1)
Legacies	161	(1)
Quiz	162	(7)
Unit V EMERGENCE OF A GLOBAL AGE (ca. 1100 C.E.-1600 C.E.)
The Importance of Encounter, Exchange, and Diffusion to the Global Age	169	(3)
The Eurasian Highway (ca. 1100 C.E.-1600 C.E.)	172	(20)
Key Terms	171	(1)
The Rise of the Mongols	172	(3)
The Comparative Mongol Impact on China (Yuan), Korea, Japan, Russia (Muscovy), India (Delhi and Mughal), Persia (Safavid), and Southwest Asia (Ottoman Turks)	175	(11)
The Crusades and the Black Plague	186	(6)
Maritime Trade Complexes (ca. 1100 C.E.-1600 C.E.)	192	(9)
Key Terms	191	(1)
Oceanic Trade Routes	192	(3)
Italian and Portuguese Traders	195	(3)
Nordic Routes	198	(3)
The Americas (ca. 1200 C.E.-1600 C.E.)	201	(16)
Key Terms	200	(1)
The Aztecs	201	(2)
The Inca	203	(3)
Unit Review	206	(1)
Cross-Regional Developments	206	(1)
Legacies	206	(1)
Quiz	207	(8)
Unit VI FORCES THAT SHAPED THE MODERN WORLD EXCHANGE (ca. 1000 C.E.-1750 C.E.)
The Meaning of Modern	215	(2)
The Transformation of Europe (ca. 1000 C.E.-1750 C.E.)	217	(17)
Key Terms	216	(1)
The Rise of the Nation-State	217	(4)
The Scientific and Secular Spirit of the Renaissance and Reformation	221	(5)
The Commercial Revolution---The Capitalist System and Middle-Class Culture	226	(2)
Absolutism and Empire	228	(6)
The World Exchange (ca. 1450 C.E.-1750 C.E.)	234	(25)
Key Terms	233	(1)
The Voyages of Discovery and Conquest of the Americas	234	(2)
The Columbian Exchange	236	(1)
The Emerging ``Atlantic World''---The African Diaspora and the Plantation System	237	(2)
New African Kingdoms and Empires	239	(2)
European Trade in India and East Asia	241	(1)
The Developing World System---The Manila Galleons	242	(2)
Colonization and the End of the Frontier	244	(4)
Unit Review	248	(1)
Cross-Regional Developments	248	(1)
Legacies	248	(1)
Quiz	249	(8)
Unit VII PATTERNS OF MODERNITY IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY (ca. 1750 C.E.-1914 C.E.)
Gender in World History	257	(2)
Liberal Democratic Movements (ca. 1450 C.E.-1850 C.E.)	259	(13)
Key Terms	258	(1)
Science and Politics---The Enlightenment	259	(2)
Revolutions in France and the Americas	261	(6)
New Nationalism in Europe	267	(1)
Romanticism	268	(4)
Revolutions in Energy, Industry, and Transportation (ca. 1750 C.E.-1914 C.E.)	272	(15)
Key Terms	271	(1)
Technology and the Industrial System	272	(2)
Urbanization	274	(1)
Ideologies---Socialism and Realism	275	(5)
Empire	280	(7)
Modernization Movements (ca. 1800 C.E.-1914 C.E.)	287	(21)
Key Terms	286	(1)
Meiji Japan (1868)	287	(2)
Ottoman Reform	289	(1)
Russia	290	(2)
Culture and Society	292	(4)
Unit Review	296	(1)
Cross-Regional Developments	296	(1)
Legacies	296	(1)
Quiz	297	(8)
Unit VIII THE TWENTIETH-CENTURY WORLD
Science and Technology in World History	305	(3)
The End of European Hegemony (ca. 1900 C.E.-1970 C.E.)	308	(16)
Key Terms	307	(1)
Twentieth-Century Warfare	308	(2)
The Causes and Results of World War I	310	(4)
Economic and Political Change in the Interwar Period	314	(2)
World War II	316	(3)
The Cold War	319	(5)
Revolution, Decolonization, and Wars of National Liberation (ca. 1917 C.E.-2000 C.E.)	324	(19)
Key Terms	323	(1)
The Russian Revolution	324	(2)
Revolution and Decolonization in Mexico, India, and Southwest Asia (the Middle East)	326	(6)
Revolution and National Liberation in China, Southeast Asia, Africa, and Latin America	332	(11)
The Diffusion of Modern Economic Systems (ca. 1920 C.E.-Present)	343	(64)
Key Terms	342	(1)
Patterns of Development---The Capitalist and Socialist Modernization Models	343	(5)
Ecological Results---The Green Revolution, Pollution, and Resource Depletion	348	(1)
Science and Technology	349	(2)
The Triumph of Liberalism	351	(3)
Society and Culture	354	(5)
Population and Migration	359	(2)
Unit Review	361	(1)
Cross-Regional Developments	361	(1)
Legacies	361	(1)
Quiz	362	(9)
MODEL TESTS
Model Test 1	371	(18)
Model Test 2	389	(18)
Answers to Model Tests	407	(4)
Index	411