The Bedford Anthology of World Literature Book 4 The Eighteenth Century, 1650-1800

by Davis, Paul; Harrison, Gary; Johnson, David M.; Smith, Patricia Clark; Crawford, John F.

• ISBN13: 9780312402631
• ISBN10: 0312402635
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-11-20
• Publisher: Bedford/St. Martin's

Summary

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Table of Contents

PREFACE	v
ABOUT THE EDITORS	xxii
PRONUNCIATION KEY	xxiii
INTRODUCTION: The Eighteenth Century	1	(10)
Comparative Time Line	2	(9)
EUROPE: The Age of Enlightenment	11	(460)
MAP: Europe in 1740	10	(3)
IMAGE: A Concert at Montagu House	13	(3)
TIME AND PLACE: Eighteenth-Century Europe: Chinoiserie	16	(1)
JEAN-BAPTISTE POQUELIN MOLIERE [1622-1673]	17	(5)
Tartuffe (Translated by Richard Wilbur)	22	(66)
[Images: Jean-Baptiste Poquelin Molière, 17, Scene from Molière's Tartuffe, 23]
APHRA BEHN [1640-1689]	88	(6)
Oroonoko	94	(47)
[IMAGES: Aphra Behn, 88; Frontispiece to Oroonoko, A Tragedy, 92]
JONATHAN SWIFT [1667-1745]	141	(6)
Gulliver's Travels	147	(52)
[IMAGES: Portrait of Lemuel Gulliver, 144; Plate V, Part III, 150; Land of the Houyhnhnms, 153]
FROM Part III: A Voyage to Laputa, Balnibarbi, Glubbdubdrib, Luggnagg, and Japan	147	(5)
Part IV: A Voyage to the Country of the Houyhnhnms	152	(47)
IN THE WORLD: Travel Narratives	199	(7)
IMAGE: View of Part of the City of Benares	200	(2)
MAP: European Trade Patterns c. 1740	202	(2)
IMAGE: The King of Siam's Residence	204	(2)
LADY MARY WORTLEY MONTAGU [1689-1762]	206	(1)
FROM The Turkish Letters	207	(4)
DENIS DIDEROT [1713-1784]	211	(2)
FROM Supplement to the Voyage of Bougainville (Translated by Jean Stewart and Jonathan Kemp)	213	(4)
MIRZA ABU TALEB KHAN [1752-?1806]	217	(1)
FROM Travels of Mirza Abu Taleb Khan (Translated by Charles Stewart)	218	(10)
[IMAGE: Portrait of Mirza Abu Taleb Khan and Frontispiece to Travels, 219]
XIE QING GAO (HSIEH CH'ING KAO) [1765-1822]	228	(2)
FROM The Hai-lu (Translated by Kenneth Ch'en)	230	(2)
ALEXANDER POPE [1688-1744]	232	(6)
The Rape of the Lock	238	(22)
[IMAGE: The Rape of the Lock, 236]
An Essay on Man	260	(9)
Epistle 1	260	(7)
FROM Epistle 3	267	(2)
FRANÇOIS-MARIE AROUET DE VOLTAIRE [1694-1778]	269	(6)
Candide, or Optimism (Translated by Daniel Gordon)	275	(64)
[IMAGES: Portrait of Voltaire, 269; The Love Letter, 271]
IN THE WORLD: The Spirit of Inquiry	339	(7)
IMAGE: Ascent of the Montgolfier Brothers' Hot-Air Balloon	340	(1)
IMAGE: The Engine to Raise Water by Fire	341	(1)
IMAGE: Jean-Pierre Blanchard's Flying Machine	342	(1)
IMAGE: Benjamin Franklin Conducting His Lightning Experiments	343	(2)
IMAGE: Farming in Four Seasons: Irrigation Pump for Lifting Water	345	(1)
RENÉ DESCARTES [1596-1650]	346	(2)
Discourse on Method (Translated by Elizabeth S. Haldane and G.R.T. Ross)	348	(5)
[IMAGE: Descartes' Universe, 347]
FROM Part2	348	(3)
FROM Part4	351	(2)
SIR ISAAC NEWTON [1642-1727]	353	(1)
Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy (Translated by Andrew Motte, with revisions by Florian Cajori)	354	(4)
[IMAGE: Newton, 353]
FROM Preface to the First Edition	354	(4)
GOTTFRIED WILHELM LEIBNIZ [1646-1716]	358	(1)
FROM Supplement to Theodicy (Translated by George M. Duncan, with revisions by Philip P. Wiener)	359	(2)
BAIEN MIURA [1723-1789]	361	(1)
FROM Reply to Taga Bokkei (Translated by Rosemary Mercer)	362	(5)
JEAN-JACQUES ROUSSEAU [1712-1778]	367	(5)
Confessions (Translator anonymous)	372	(28)
[IMAGE: Portrait of Jean Jacques Rousseau, 367]
Book 1	372	(28)
OLAUDAH EQUIANO [1745-1797]	400	(5)
The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano	405	(66)
[IMAGES: Portrait of Olaudah Equiano, 401; Slave Ship, 402; MAP: The Voyages of Olaudah Equiano, 406]
Chapter 1 [Equiano's Igbo Roots]	405	(13)
Chapter 2 [Captivity and Slavery; the Slave Ship]	418	(10)
FROM Chapter 3 [Sold to Captain Pascal; a New Name]	428	(3)
FROM Chapter 4 [Baptism and the Desire for Freedom]	431	(4)
FROM Chapter 5 [Sold to Robert King; the Horrors of the West Indies]	435	(10)
FROM Chapter 7 [Freedom]	445	(5)
FROM Chapter 9 [London; Sea Adventures]	450	(7)
FROM Chapter 10 [Conversion to Christianity]	457	(7)
FROM Chapter 12 [Public Service and Abolition]	464	(7)
AMERICA: The Colonial Period	471	(136)
MAP: British North America, c. 1763	470	(4)
IMAGE: "The Bostonians in Distress"	474	(2)
TIME AND PLACE Eighteenth-Century America: King Philip's War	476	(1)
MARY ROWLANDSON [c.1635-c.1711]	477	(6)
Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson	483	(33)
[IMAGES: Mary Rowlandson and Indians, 478; Frontispiece from Narrative, 481]
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN [1706-1790]	516	(6)
Autobiography	522	(34)
[IMAGES: Portrait of Benjamin Franklin, 517, Cover of Poor Richard's Almanack, 518]
FROM Part One [Early Training]	522	(14)
FROM Part Two [Moral Improvement]	536	(7)
FROM Part Three [Social Projects]	543	(13)
THOMAS JEFFERSON [1743-1826]	556	(3)
Declaration of Independence	559	(5)
[IMAGES: Portrait of Thomas Jefferson, 557; Engraving of the Declaration of Independence, 561]
IN THE WORLD: Declarations of Rights and Independence	564	(6)
IMAGE: Women Marching to Versailles in 1789	565	(4)
IMAGE: The Illustrious Patriots of 1776 and Authors of the Declaration of Independence	569	(1)
IROQUOIS NATION [c. l5TH-l8TH CENTURY]	570	(1)
FROM The Great Binding Law, Gayanashagowa	571	(8)
MARIE LE JARS DE GOURNAY [1565?-1645]	579	(1)
FROM On the Equality of Men and Women (Translated by Patricia Clark Smith)	580	(6)
JOHN LOCKE [1632-1704]	586	(1)
FROM The Second Treatise on Government	587	(3)
JEAN-JACQUES ROUSSEAU [1712-1778]	590	(1)
FROM The Social Contract (Translated by G.D.H. Cole)	591	(6)
OLYMPE DE GOUGES [1748-1793]	597	(1)
FROM Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen (Translated by Darlene Gay Levy)	598	(4)
MARQUIS DE LAFAYETTE AND THE FRENCH NATIONAL ASSEMBLY [1789]	602	(2)
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen (Translated by Paul H. Beik)	604	(3)
[IMAGE: Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, 603]
INDIA: The Mughal Empire	607	(18)
MAP: Mughal India, 1707	606	(2)
IMAGE: Lady Elijah Impey, Wife of the Chief Justice of Bengal	608	(2)
IMAGE: Indian Procession	610	(1)
TIME ANO PLACE: Eighteenth-Century India: Kali	611	(1)
RAMPRASAD SEN [1718-1775]	612	(5)
It's This Hope in Hope	617	(1)
How Many Times, Mother?	618	(1)
The Dark Mother Is Flying a Kite	619	(1)
Kali, Why Are You Naked Again?	620	(1)
Now Cry Kali and Take the Plunge!	621	(1)
Why Should I Go to Kashi?	622	(1)
What's More to Fear around This Place?	623	(2)
(Translated by Leonard Nathan and Clinton Seely)
[IMAGE: The Holy Family: Shiva, Parvati, and Their Children on Mount Kailasa, 613]
JAPAN: The Tokugawa Era	625	(140)
MAP: Population Density in Late Tokugawa Japan	624	(3)
IMAGE: Middle Street of the Yoshiwara	627	(2)
TIME AND PLACE: Eighteenth-Century Japan: Genroku Period	629	(2)
IHARA SAIKAKU [1642-1693]	631	(4)
What the Seasons Brought to the Almanac Maker (Translated by William Theodore de Bary)	635	(15)
MATSUO BASHO [1644-1694]	650	(7)
The Narrow Road through the Backcountry (Translated by Richard Bodner)	657	(28)
[IMAGE: Basho, 650; MAP: Basho's Journeys, 1684-1689, 654]
CHIKAMATSU MONZAEMON [1653-1724]	685	(6)
The Love Suicides at Amijima (Translated by Donald Keene)	691	(28)
[IMAGE: Activities of Twelve Months of the Year, 687]
IN THE WORLD: Love, Marriage, and the Education of Women	719	(5)
IMAGE: The Toilet of the Princess	720	(1)
IMAGE: Marriage à la Mode	721	(2)
IMAGE: A Party Arranging Flowers	723	(1)
KAIBARA EKKEN [1630-1714]	724	(2)
FROM Greater Learning for Women (Translated by Basil Hall Chamberlain)	726	(3)
[IMAGE: Woman Reading, 725]
MARY ASTELL [1666-1731]	729	(1)
FROM A Serious Proposal to the Ladies	730	(2)
FROM Some Reflections upon Marriage	732	(2)
[IMAGE: Pamela Tells a Nursery Tale, 729]
JEAN-JACQUES ROUSSEAU [1712-1778]	734	(1)
Émile (Translated by Barbara Foxley)	735	(6)
FROM Book V	735	(6)
MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT [1759-1797]	741	(1)
A Vindication of the Rights of Woman	742	(12)
[IMAGE: Mary Wollstonecraft, 746]
Introduction to the First Edition	742	(4)
FROM Chapter 2: The Prevailing Opinion of a Sexual Character Discussed	746	(5)
FROM Chapter 4: Observations on the State of Degradation to Which Woman Is Reduced by Various Causes	751	(1)
FROM Chapter 5: Animadversions on Some of the Writers Who Have Rendered Women Objects of Pity, Bordering on Contempt	752	(1)
FROM Chapter 13: Some Instances of the Folly Which the Ignorance of Women Generates; with Concluding Reflections on the Moral Improvement That a Revolution in Female Manners Might Naturally Be Expected to Produce	752	(2)
SHEN FU [1763-?]	754	(1)
Six Records of a Floating Life (Translated by Leonard Pratt and Chiang Su-hui)	755	(1)
FROM Part1: The Joys of the Wedding Chamber	755	(10)
CHINA: The Early Qing Dynasty	765	(119)
MAP: Qing China, c. 1760	764	(3)
IMAGE: Lady with Attendants in a Garden	767	(1)
IMAGE: Scholar and Attendant	768	(3)
TIME AND PLACE: Eighteenth-Century China: The Civil Service Examinations	771	(1)
PU SONG-LING (P'U SUNG LING) [1640-1715]	772	(4)
The Wise Neighbor (Translated by Christopher Levenson)	776	(4)
The Mural (Translated by Denis C. Mair and Victor H. Mair)	780	(3)
[IMAGE: Page from Liao-zhai zhi-yi, 773]
CAO XUEQIN [c.1715-1763] AND GAO E [c.1740-1815]	783	(6)
The Story of the Stone (Translated by David Hawkes and John Minford)	789	(95)
FROM Chapter 1 [The Origin of the Stone]	789	(6)
FROM Chapter 3 [Lin Dai-yu Arrives in the Jia Household]	795	(14)
FROM Chapter 4 [Xue Bao-chai Arrives in the Jia Household]	809	(2)
Chapter 5: Jia Bao-yu Visits the Land of Illusion And the Fairy Disenchantment Performs the "Dream of Golden Days"	811	(19)
FROM Chapter 6 [Jia Bao-yu's First Experiment in the Art of Love]	830	(1)
FROM Chapter 8 [Jía Bao-yu and Xue Bao-chai Discover Corresponding Inscriptions]	831	(4)
FROM Chapter 32 [Jia Bao-yu and Lin Dai-yu Have an Awkward Encounter]	835	(4)
FROM Chapter 89 [Lin Dai-yu Vows to Waste Away After Hearing of Jia Bao-yu's Engagement]	839	(6)
FROM Chapter 90 [Lin Dai-yu Hears Good News and Begins to Recover; Grandmother Jia Determines Jia Bao-yu's Fate]	845	(4)
FROM Chapter 96 [Lin Dai-yu Learns That Jia Bao-yu Will Marry Xue Bao-chai]	849	(4)
Chapter 97: Lin Dai-yu Burns Her Poems to Signal the End of Her Heart's Folly And Xue Bao-chai Leaves Home to Take Part in a Solemn Rite	853	(16)
FROM Chapter 98 [Crimson Pearl's Suffering Spirit Returns to the Realm of Separation And the Convalescent Stone-in-Waiting Weeps at the Scene of Past Affection]	869	(5)
FROM Chapter 119 [Jia Bao-yu Takes the Provincial Examinations and Then Renounces All Worldly Ties]	874	(7)
FROM Chapter 120 [Zhen Shi-yin Expounds the Nature of Passion and Illusion; and Jia Yu-cun Concludes the Dream of Golden Days]	881	(3)
GLOSSARY OF LITERARY AND CRITICAL TERMS	884	(29)
INDEX	913