Behavioral Genetics

by Plomin, Robert; DeFries, John C.; McClearn, Gerald E.; McGuffin, Peter

• ISBN13: 9781429205771
• ISBN10: 1429205776
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2008-02-22
• Publisher: Worth Publishers

Summary

Behavioral Genetics,Fifth Editionprovides an engaging and clear overview of human and animal behavioral genetics that is designed to introduce students in the behavioral, biological, and social sciences to the field. With the addition of new chapters, thorough updating, and a new co-author, this latest edition represents the definitive introduction to behavioral genetics: the crossroads where the fields of psychology, psychiatry, and genetics intersect.

Table of Contents

About the Authors	p. xv
Preface	p. xvii
Overview	p. 1
Mendel's Laws of Heredity	p. 5
Mendel's First Law of Heredity	p. 6
Huntington Disease	p. 7
Gregor Mendel's Luck	p. 8
Phenylketonuria	p. 10
How Do We Know That 1 in 50 People Are Carriers for PKU?	p. 12
Mendel's Second Law of Heredity	p. 13
Summary	p. 17
Beyond Mendel's Laws	p. 19
Genes on the X Chromosome	p. 20
Other Exceptions to Mendel's Laws	p. 22
New Mutations	p. 22
Changes in Chromosomes	p. 22
Expanded Triplet Repeats	p. 24
Genomic Imprinting	p. 26
Complex Traits	p. 27
Schizophrenia	p. 27
General Cognitive Ability	p. 29
Pea Size	p. 30
Multiple-Gene Inheritance	p. 32
Quantitative Genetics	p. 34
Liability-Threshold Model of Disorders	p. 36
Summary	p. 38
DNA: The Basis of Heredity	p. 40
DNA	p. 40
The "Central Dogma" of Molecular Genetics	p. 44
Gene Expression	p. 47
Mutations	p. 49
Detecting Polymorphisms	p. 51
DNA Markers	p. 52
Chromosomes	p. 54
Summary	p. 58
Nature, Nurture, and Behavior	p. 59
Genetic Experiments to Investigate Animal Behavior	p. 60
Selection Studies	p. 63
Inbred Strain Studies	p. 66
Investigating the Genetics of Human Behavior	p. 70
Adoption Designs	p. 70
Close-Up	p. 71
The First Adoption Study of Schizophrenia	p. 74
Twin Design	p. 75
Issues in Adoption Studies	p. 76
The Twin Method	p. 78
Combination	p. 80
Close-Up	p. 81
Heritability	p. 82
Interpreting Heritability	p. 85
Close-Up	p. 89
Beyond Heritability	p. 89
Equality	p. 91
Summary	p. 91
Identifying Genes	p. 92
Animal Behavior	p. 93
Creating Mutations	p. 94
Quantitative Trait Loci	p. 99
Close-Up	p. 102
Synteny Homology	p. 105
Human Behavior	p. 105
Linkage: Single-Gene Disorders	p. 107
Linkage: Complex Disorders	p. 108
Association: Candidate Genes	p. 108
Affected Sib-Pair Linkage Design	p. 109
Association: Genomewide	p. 111
SNP Microarrays	p. 112
Genetic Counseling	p. 114
Ethics and the Future	p. 115
GATTACA?	p. 116
Summary	p. 117
Cognitive Disabilities	p. 119
General Cognitive Disability: Quantitative Genetics	p. 120
General Cognitive Disability: Single-Gene Disorders	p. 122
Phenylketonuria	p. 122
Fragile X Syndrome	p. 123
Rett Syndrome	p. 125
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy	p. 126
Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome	p. 126
Neurofibromatosis Type 1	p. 127
General Cognitive Disability: Chromosomal Abnormalities	p. 129
Down Syndrome	p. 130
Sex Chromosome Abnormalities	p. 132
Learning Disorders	p. 133
Reading Disability	p. 134
Close-Up	p. 135
DF Extremes Analysis	p. 136
Close-Up	p. 140
Communication Disorders	p. 141
Mathematics Disability	p. 142
Comorbidity between Learning Disabilities	p. 142
Dementia	p. 142
Summary	p. 145
General Cognitive Ability	p. 147
Historical Highlights	p. 149
Animal Research	p. 149
Francis Galton	p. 150
Human Research	p. 155
Overview of Genetic Research	p. 156
Genetic Influence	p. 156
Close-Up	p. 158
Environmental Influence	p. 159
Assortative Mating	p. 160
Nonadditive Genetic Variance	p. 161
Developmental Research	p. 163
Does Heritability Change During Development?	p. 163
Do Genetic Factors Contribute to Developmental Change?	p. 168
Identifying Genes	p. 169
Summary	p. 172
Specific Cognitive Abilities	p. 173
Broad Factors of Specific Cognitive Abilities	p. 173
Information-Processing Measures	p. 181
Multivariate Genetic Analysis: Levels of Processing	p. 183
Close-Up	p. 186
School Achievement	p. 187
Identifying Genes	p. 192
Summary	p. 193
Schizophrenia	p. 194
Family Studies	p. 195
The Beginnings of Psychiatric Genetics: Bethlem Royal and Maudsley Hospitals	p. 196
Twin Studies	p. 198
Close-Up	p. 199
Adoption Studies	p. 201
Schizophrenia or Schizophrenias?	p. 203
Close-Up	p. 204
Identifying Genes	p. 205
Summary	p. 207
Other Adult Psychopathology	p. 208
Mood Disorders	p. 208
Family Studies	p. 209
Twin Studies	p. 210
Close-Up	p. 211
Adoption Studies	p. 213
Identifying Genes	p. 213
Anxiety Disorders	p. 215
Close-Up	p. 216
Other Disorders	p. 218
Co-Occurrence of Disorders	p. 220
Identifying Genes	p. 223
Summary	p. 223
Developmental Psychopathology	p. 225
Autism	p. 226
Family and Twin Studies	p. 226
Identifying Genes	p. 228
Attention-Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders	p. 229
Close-Up	p. 229
Twin Studies	p. 230
Identifying Genes	p. 232
Anxiety Disorders	p. 233
Other Disorders	p. 234
Summary	p. 236
Personality and Personality Disorders	p. 238
Self-Report Questionnaires	p. 239
Other Measures of Personality	p. 242
Other Findings	p. 245
Situations	p. 245
Development	p. 246
Nature-Nurture Interplay	p. 246
Close-Up	p. 247
Personality and Social Psychology	p. 248
Relationships	p. 248
Self-Esteem	p. 250
Attitudes and Interests	p. 250
Close-Up	p. 252
Personality Disorders	p. 253
Schizotypal and Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorders	p. 254
Antisocial Personality Disorder and Criminal Behavior	p. 255
Identifying Genes	p. 259
Summary	p. 262
Health Psychology and Aging	p. 264
Health Psychology	p. 264
Close-Up	p. 265
Body Weight and Obesity	p. 265
Addictions	p. 270
Close-Up	p. 277
Psychology and Aging	p. 280
Summary	p. 283
Pathways between Genes and Behavior	p. 285
Levels of Analysis	p. 286
The Transcriptome: Gene Expression throughout the Genome	p. 287
Gene Expression Profiles: RNA Microarrays	p. 288
Close-Up	p. 289
Genetical Genomics	p. 290
Gene Expression as a Biological Basis for Environmental Influence	p. 290
The Proteome: Proteins Coded throughout the Transcriptome	p. 292
The Brain	p. 294
Circadian Rhythms	p. 295
Endophenotypes	p. 296
Learning and Memory	p. 299
Emotion	p. 302
Close-Up	p. 303
Summary	p. 304
The Interplay between Genes and Environment	p. 305
Nonshared Environment	p. 307
Estimating Nonshared Environment	p. 308
Identifying Specific Nonshared Environment	p. 309
Identifying Specific Nonshared Environment That Predicts Behavioral Outcomes	p. 311
Implications	p. 314
Genotype-Environment Correlation	p. 315
The Nature of Nurture	p. 315
Three Types of Genotype-Environment Correlation	p. 318
Three Methods to Detect Genotype-Environment Correlation	p. 320
Implications	p. 324
Genotype-Environment Interaction	p. 325
Animal Models	p. 326
Adoption Studies	p. 327
Twin Studies	p. 328
Close-Up	p. 329
DNA	p. 329
Summary	p. 332
Evolution and Behavior	p. 334
Charles Darwin	p. 334
Inclusive Fitness	p. 338
Sociobiology	p. 338
Population Genetics	p. 340
Evolutionary Psychology	p. 342
Close-Up	p. 343
Instincts	p. 344
Empirical Evidence	p. 345
Mate Preference and the Major Histocompatibility Complex	p. 346
Selection for Beauty	p. 348
Close-Up	p. 350
Summary	p. 351
The Future of Behavioral Genetics	p. 352
Quantitative Genetics	p. 352
Molecular Genetics	p. 355
Nature and Nurture	p. 356
Statistical Methods in Behavioral Genetics	p. 359
Introduction	p. 359
Behavioral Genetic Interactive Modules	p. 360
Close-Up	p. 361
Variation and covariation: statistical descriptions of individual differences	p. 361
Quantitative Genetics	p. 374
The biometric model	p. 374
Estimating variance components	p. 379
Close-Up	p. 384
Molecular Genetics	p. 402
Linkage analysis	p. 402
Association analysis	p. 405
Glossary	p. 411
References	p. 423
Web Sites	p. 503
Name Index	p. 507
Subject Index	p. 527
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