Biodiversity

by Wrigley, Stephen K.; Hayes, Martin A.; Thomas, Robert; Chrystal, Ewan J. T.; Nicholson, Neville

• ISBN13: 9780854048304
• ISBN10: 0854048308
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2001-01-01
• Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry

Summary

The continuing quest for new drugs and agrochemicals has seen researchers looking to the natural world for potential products. Plants and microorganisms have long been investigated as sources of new lead compounds, but the scope of this book has been widened to include substances derived from marine organisms. Advances in genetic engineering, high throughput screening and structure elucidation have also opened up further avenues for exploration. Competitive pressure from the field of combinatorial chemistry has expedited new approaches to natural product analysis and stimulated debate on the industrial utilization of natural products. Biodiversity: New Leads for the Pharmaceutical and Agrochemical Industries reviews and discusses aspects of modern natural products research. The central theme of many articles is the sustainable use of global biodiversity. Microbial, plant and marine products are presented as the sources of new drugs, including antifungal products, antibiotics, anticancer agents and animal health products. There is also coverage of the biosynthesis of polyketides and the chemical synthesis of natural products and their derivatives. A unique blend of industrial and academic perspectives on the importance of biodiversity and natural products, this book will prove an important source of state-of-the-art information for researchers, teachers and graduates in the chemical and biological sciences.

Table of Contents

1 Natural Products-History, Diversity and Discovery
Microbial Natural Products: A Past with a Future	3	(14)
A.L. Demain
New Concepts and Approaches to Biodiversity	17	(5)
D.F. Marshall
J.R. Hillman
Natural Products Drug Discovery at the National Cancer Institute Past Achievements and New Directions for the New Millennium	22	(23)
G.M. Cragg
M.R. Boyd
Y.F. Hallock
D.J. Newman
E.A. Sausville
M.K. Wolpert
Secondary Metabolites as a Vital Source of Animal Health Products	45	(12)
J.C. Ruddock
The Relationship Between Natural Products and Synthetic Chemistry in the Discovery Process	57	(9)
S. Brewer
Natural Products vs. Combinatorials: A Case Study	66	(9)
D. Baker
U. Mocek
C. Garr
2 Microbial Natural Products Discovery
Mushrooms, Microbes and Medicines	75	(11)
A. Buss
M.A. Hayes
Signal Transduction Inhibitors from Microorganisms	86	(14)
S.K. Wrigley
D.A. Kau
B. Waters
J.E. Davies
Novel Inhibitors of Lipoprotein Associated Phospholipase A2 Produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens DSM 11579	100	(13)
J. Thirkettle
3 Marine Natural Products
Marine Organisms as a Source of Novel Lead Structures for Drug Development	113	(13)
A.E. Wright
The Anticancer Dolastatins as Cyanobacterial Metabolites	126	(14)
G.G. Harrigan
H. Luesch
R.E. Moore
V.J. Paul
A Cu2+ Selective Marine Metabolite	140	(29)
L.A. Morris
M. Jaspars
4 Plant Natural Products
Water Soluble Bioactive Alkaloids	169	(36)
A.A. Watson
R.J. Nash
`Lessons from Nature': Can Ecology Provide New Leads in the Search for Novel Bioactive Chemicals from Tropical Rainforests?	205	(8)
P. Reddell
V. Gordon
Brazilian Biodiversity: A Source of Phytomedicines, Natural Drugs and Leads for the Pharmaceutical and Agrochemical Industries	213	(12)
B. Gilbert
A Modern Perspective to the Traditional Use of Plants in the Highlands of Scotland	225	(8)
R. Constadouros
5 Biosynthesis
In Vivo and In Vitro Biosynthetic Studies: Understanding and Exploiting Natural Pathways	233	(16)
T.J. Simpson
Fused Ring Aromatic Polyketides are Formed by Different Cyclisation Pathways in Fungi and Streptomycetes	249	(28)
R. Thomas
6 Natural Products as Leads for Synthesis
The Strobilurin Fungicides-From Mushroom to Molecule to Market	277	(6)
J.M. Clough
A Synthesis of (+)-Prelog-Djerassi Lactonic Acid	283	(5)
S.D. Hiscock
P.B. Hitchcock
P.J. Parsons
N-(α-Aminoacy+)-5'-O-Sulfamoyladenosines: Natural Product Based Inhibitors of Amino Acyl tRNA Synthetases	288	(7)
K. Beautemont
E.J.T. Chrystal
J. Howard
S.M. Ridley
Subject Index	295