Biological Explorations : A Human Approach

by Gunstream, Stanley E

• ISBN13: 9780131453142
• ISBN10: 0131453149
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-01-01
• Publisher: Benjamin Cummings

Summary

For non-majors introductory courses in human biology and biology with a human emphasis. Compatible with any textbook, this manual provides 33 stimulating laboratory exercises for either human biology or introductory biology courses for non-majors in which the human organism is emphasized. The level of rigor, user- friendly language, and abundant illustrations make this manual ideal for students who have had little, if any, prior science laboratory experience.

Table of Contents

Preface	v
Color Insert Credits	vii
PART 1 CELL BIOLOGY	1	(110)
Orientation	3	(12)
The Microscope	15	(14)
The Cell	29	(16)
Chemistry of Cells	45	(14)
Enzymes	59	(6)
Diffusion and Osmosis	65	(12)
Photosynthesis	77	(12)
Cellular Respiration	89	(10)
Cell Division	99	(12)
PART 2 INHERITANCE	111	(40)
Heredity	113	(14)
Molecular and Chromosomal Genetics	127	(14)
DNA Fingerprinting	141	(10)
PART 3 HUMAN BIOLOGY	151	(162)
Organization of the Human Body	153	(16)
Dissection of the Fetal Pig	169	(20)
Circulation of Blood	189	(14)
Blood	203	(10)
Gas Exchange	213	(10)
Digestion	223	(10)
Neural Control	233	(16)
Sensory Perception	249	(16)
Support and Movement	265	(14)
Excretion	279	(10)
Reproduction	289	(10)
Fertilization and Development	299	(14)
PART 4 ORGANISMIC DIVERSITY	313	(84)
Prokaryotes, Protists, and Fungi	315	(20)
Plants	335	(14)
Structure of Flowering Plants	349	(12)
Simple Animals	361	(14)
Mollusks, Annelids, and Arthropods	375	(12)
Echinoderms and Chordates	387	(10)
PART 5 EVOLUTION AND ECOLOGY	397	(30)
Human Evolution	399	(10)
Ecological Relationships	409	(10)
Population Growth	419	(8)
Appendix A Common Prefixes, Suffixes, and Root Words	427	(2)
Appendix B Common Metric Units and Temperature Conversions	429	(2)
Appendix C Oil Immersion Techniques	431	(2)
Appendix D Classification of Organisms	433

Excerpts

Biological Explorations: A Human Approachis a laboratory manual specifically designed for the laboratory component of courses in: (1) general biology where the human organism is emphasized, and (2) human biology. It is compatible with any modern textbook that emphasizes the human organism. The exercises are appropriate for three-hour laboratory sessions, but they are also adaptable for a two-hour laboratory format. This laboratory manual is designed not only to enhance learning by students but to simplify the work of instructors. Its design assumes little if any prior experience by students in a biology laboratory. MAJOR FEATURES Thethirty-three exercisesprovide a wide range of options for the instructor, and the range of activities within an exercise further increases the available options. Each exercise is basicallyself-directing,which allows students to work independently without direct assistance by the instructor. Each exercise, and its major subunits, areself-containedso that the instructor may arrange the sequence of exercises, or the activities within an exercise, to suit his or her preferences. Each exercise begins with a list ofobjectivesthat outlines the minimal learning responsibilities of the student. The objectives also inform the student of the emphasis and scope of the activities to be accomplished and the minimal learning responsibilities. Following the objectives, each exercise starts with a brief discussion ofbackground informationthat is necessary to (a) understand the subject of the exercise, and (b) prepare the student for the activities that follow. The inclusion of the background information minimizes the need for introductory explanations by the instructor and assures that all lab sections receive the same introductory information. Before beginning the laboratory activities, students are directed to demonstrate their understanding of the background information by labeling illustrations and completing the portion of the Laboratory Report that covers this material. Over 200illustrationsare provided to enhance students' understanding. Students are asked to color-code significant structures in many illustrations as a means to aid learning. Eight plates of color photos are included in the organismic diversity section to assist students with the structure of difficult-to-observe organisms. Newkey termsare in bold print for easy recognition by students, and they are defined when first used. Requiredmaterialsare listed for each activity in an exercise. The list is divided into materials needed by each student or student group and materials that are to be available in the laboratory. This list helps the student to obtain the needed materials and guides the laboratory technician in setting up the laboratory. The exercises utilize standard equipment and materials that are available in most biology departments. Activities to be performed by students are identified by anassignmentheading that clearly distinguishes activities to be performed from the background information. The assignment sections are numbered sequentially within each exercise and on the Laboratory Report to facilitate identification and discussion. Clearlaboratory proceduresguide students through each activity, so that minimal assistance is needed from the instructor. ALaboratory Reportis provided for each exercise to guide and reinforce students' learning. The laboratory reports not only provide a place for students to record observations, collected data, and conclusions, but also provide a convenient means for the instructor to assess student understanding. The separate laboratory reports may be removed from the manual without removing key information contained in the exercises and needed by students for study.