Biology

by Miller, Kenneth R.; Levine, Joseph S.

• ISBN13: 9780130507303
• ISBN10: 013050730X
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2001-08-01
• Publisher: SCHOOL GROUP

Table of Contents

UNIT 1 The Nature of Life	xxii
The Science of Biology	2	(32)
What Is Science?	3	(5)
How Scientists Work	8	(8)
Biology and History: Major Discoveries	12	(4)
Studying Life	16	(8)
Issues in Biology: When Scientists Have a Conflict of Interest	23	(1)
Tools and Procedures	24	(10)
The Chemistry of Life	34	(26)
The Nature of Matter	35	(5)
Careers in Biology: Forensic Scientist	37	(3)
Properties of Water	40	(4)
Carbon Compounds	44	(5)
Chemical Reactions and Enzymes	49	(11)
UNIT 2 Ecology	60	(106)
The Biosphere	62	(24)
What Is Ecology?	63	(4)
Technology & Society: Exploring Ecology From Space	66	(1)
Energy Flow	67	(7)
Cycles of Matter	74	(12)
Ecosystems and Communities	86	(32)
The Role of Climate	87	(3)
What Shapes an Ecosystem?	90	(8)
Careers in Biology: Forestry Technician	95	(3)
Land Biomes	98	(8)
Aquatic Ecosystems	106	(12)
Populations	118	(20)
How Populations Grow	119	(5)
Limits to Growth	124	(5)
Issues in Biology: Does the Gray Wolf Population Need Protection?	128	(1)
Human Population Growth	129	(9)
Humans in the Biosphere	138	(28)
A Changing Landscape	139	(5)
Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources	144	(6)
Biodiversity	150	(7)
Biology and History: Success in Conservation	154	(3)
Charting a Course for the Future	157	(9)
UNIT 3 Cells	166	(94)
Cell Structure and Function	168	(32)
Life Is Cellular	169	(4)
Biology and History: A History of the Cell	170	(3)
Cell Structures	173	(11)
Movement Through the Membrane	184	(6)
The Diversity of Cellular Life	190	(10)
Careers in Biology: Histotechnologist	192	(8)
Photosynthesis	200	(20)
Energy and Life	201	(3)
Photosynthesis: An Overview	204	(4)
Biology and History: Understanding Photosynthesis	204	(4)
The Reactions of Photosynthesis	208	(12)
Cellular Respiration	220	(20)
Chemical Pathways	221	(5)
The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport	226	(14)
Issues in Biology: Should Creatine Supplements Be Banned?	233	(7)
Cell Growth and Division	240	(20)
Cell Growth	241	(3)
Cell Division	244	(6)
Regulating the Cell Cycle	250	(10)
Technology & Society: Stem Cells: Promises and Problems	253	(7)
UNIT 4 Genetics	260	(106)
Introduction to Genetics	262	(24)
The Work of Gregor Mendel	263	(4)
Probability and Punnett Squares	267	(3)
Exploring Mendelian Genetics	270	(5)
Meiosis	275	(4)
Linkage and Gene Maps	279	(7)
DNA and RNA	286	(32)
DNA	287	(8)
Biology and History: Discovering the Role of DNA	292	(3)
Chromosomes and DNA Replication	295	(5)
RNA and Protein Synthesis	300	(7)
Mutations	307	(2)
Gene Regulation	309	(9)
Genetic Engineering	318	(22)
Changing the Living World	319	(3)
Manipulating DNA	322	(5)
Cell Transformation	327	(4)
Issues in Biology: Do Genetically Modified Foods Need Stricter Controls?	330	(1)
Applications of Genetic Engineering	331	(9)
The Human Genome	340	(26)
Human Heredity	341	(8)
Human Chromosomes	349	(6)
Issues in Biology: Who Controls Your DNA?	354	(1)
Human Molecular Genetics	355	(11)
Careers in Biology: Geneticist	359	(7)
UNIT 5 Evolution	366	(102)
Darwin's Theory of Evolution	368	(24)
The Puzzle of Life's Diversity	369	(4)
Ideas That Shaped Darwin's Thinking	373	(5)
Biology and History: A History of Evolutionary Thought	374	(4)
Darwin Presents His Case	378	(14)
Evolution of Populations	392	(24)
Genes and Variation	393	(4)
Evolution as Genetic Change	397	(7)
Issues in Biology: Should the Use of Antibiotics Be Restricted?	403	(1)
The Process of Speciation	404	(12)
The History of Life	416	(30)
The Fossil Record	417	(6)
Earth's Early History	423	(6)
Evolution of Multicellular Life	429	(6)
Careers in Biology: Fossil Preparator	433	(2)
Patterns of Evolution	435	(11)
Classification	446	(22)
Finding Order in Diversity	447	(4)
Modern Evolutionary Classification	451	(6)
Technology & Society: The Search for New Species	456	(1)
Kingdom and Domains	457	(11)
UNIT 6 Microorganisms and Fungi	468	(116)
Bacteria and Viruses	470	(24)
Prokaryotes	471	(6)
Careers in Biology: Epidemiologist	475	(2)
Bacteria in Nature	477	(5)
Biology and History: Eliminating Disease	478	(4)
Viruses	482	(12)
Protists	494	(32)
The Kingdom Protista	495	(2)
Animallike Protists: Protozoans	497	(8)
Issues in Biology: How Should Water Be Protected Against Cryptosporidium?	504	(1)
Plantlike Protists: Unicellular Algae	505	(5)
Plantlike Protists: Red, Brown, and Green Algae	510	(6)
Funguslike Protists	516	(10)
Fungi	526	(58)
The Kingdom Fungi	527	(3)
Classification of Fungi	530	(7)
Ecology of Fungi	537	(47)
UNIT 7 Plants	584	(70)
Plant Diversity	550	(28)
Introduction to Plants	551	(5)
Bryophytes	556	(4)
Seedless Vascular Plants	560	(4)
Seed Plants	564	(5)
Angiosperms--Flowering Plants	569	(9)
Careers in Biology: Botanical Illustrator	571	(7)
Roots, Stems, and Leaves	578	(30)
Specialized Tissues in Plants	579	(5)
Roots	584	(5)
Stems	589	(6)
Leaves	595	(4)
Transport in Plants	599	(9)
Reproduction of Seed Plants	608	(24)
Reproduction With Cones and Flowers	609	(9)
Technology & Society: Flowers by Design	617	(1)
Seed Development and Germination	618	(4)
Plant Propagation and Agriculture	622	(10)
Biology and History: The Evolution of Agriculture	624	(8)
Plant Responses and Adaptations	632	(22)
Hormones and Plant Growth	633	(6)
Plant Responses	639	(4)
Plant Adaptations	643	(11)
Issues in Biology: Are Herbal Drugs Safe?	647	(7)
UNIT 8 Invertebrates	654
Sponges and Cnidarians	656	(26)
Introduction to the Animal Kingdom	657	(7)
Sponges	664	(5)
Technology & Society: Sunscreen From the Sea	668	(1)
Cnidarians	669	(13)
Worms and Mollusks	682	(32)
Flatworms	683	(6)
Roundworms	689	(5)
Careers in Biology: Meat Inspector	691	(3)
Annelids	694	(7)
Issues in Biology: What Can be Done About the Zebra Mussel?	700	(1)
Mollusks	701	(13)
Arthropods and Echinoderms	714	(30)
Introduction to the Arthropods	715	(5)
Groups of Arthropods	720	(6)
Insects	726	(8)
Biology and History: Insect-Borne Diseases	730	(4)
Echinoderms	734	(10)
Comparing Invertebrates	744
Invertebrate Evolution	745	(6)
Form and Function in Invertebrates	751
UNIT 9 Chordates	764	(888)
Nonvertebrate Chordates, Fishes, and Amphibians	766	(30)
The Chordates	767	(4)
Fishes	771	(11)
Amphibians	782	(14)
Reptiles and Birds	796	(24)
Reptiles	797	(9)
Birds	806	(14)
Mammals	820	(28)
Introduction to the Mammals	821	(7)
Diversity of Mammals	828	(5)
Primates and Human Origins	833	(15)
Biology and History: Human-Fossil Seekers	836	(12)
Comparing Chordates	848	(22)
Chordate Evolution	849	(5)
Issues in Biology: Should Marine Mammals Be Kept in Captivity?	853	(1)
Controlling Body Temperature	854	(3)
Form and Function in Chordates	857	(13)
Careers in Biology: Veterinary Technician	863	(7)
Animal Behavior	870	(18)
Elements of Behavior	871	(7)
Technology & Society: Using Remote Sensing to Study Animal Behavior	877	(1)
Patterns of Behavior	878	(10)
UNIT 10 The Human Body	888	(184)
Nervous System	890	(30)
Human Body Systems	891	(6)
The Nervous System	897	(4)
Divisions of the Nervous System	901	(5)
The Senses	906	(4)
Drugs and the Nervous System	910	(10)
Skeletal, Muscular, and Integumentary Systems	920	(22)
The Skeletal System	921	(5)
The Muscular System	926	(7)
Technology & Society: Manufacturing Artificial Skin	932	(1)
The Integumentary System	933	(9)
Circulatory and Respiratory Systems	942
The Circulatory System	943	(8)
Biology and History: Cardiovascular Advances	948	(3)
Blood and the Lymphatic System	951	(5)
The Respiratory System	956
Careers in Biology: Respiratory Care Practitioner	959
Digestive and Excretory Systems	970i	(996)
Food and Nutrition	971	(7)
The Process of Digestion	978	(7)
The Excretory System	985	(11)
Endocrine and Reproductive Systems	996	(32)
The Endocrine System	997	(6)
Human Endocrine Glands	1003	(6)
The Reproductive System	1009	(7)
Fertilization and Development	1016	(12)
The Immune System and Disease	1028	(44)
Infectious Disease	1029	(5)
The Immune System	1034	(7)
Immune System Disorders	1041	(5)
Issues in Biology: Slowing the AIDS Epidemic	1045	(1)
Cancer	1046	(8)
Appendices
Appendix A: Science Skills	1054	(6)
Appendix B: Science Safety	1060	(3)
Appendix C: The Metric System	1063	(1)
Appendix D: Use of the Microscope	1064	(2)
Appendix E: Classification	1066	(6)
Glossary	1072	(20)
Index	1092	(18)
Credits	1110