Biomedical EPR

by Eaton, Sandra S.; Eaton, Gareth R.; Berliner, Lawrence J.

• ISBN13: 9780306485060
• ISBN10: 0306485060
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2004-09-01
• Publisher: Plenum Pub Corp

Summary

Biomedical EPR - Part A focuses on applications of EPR spectroscopy in the areas of free radicals, metals, medicine, and physiology. The book celebrates the 70th birthday of Prof. James S. Hyde, Medical College of Wisconsin, and his contributions to this field. Chapters are written to provide introductory material for new-comers to the field which lead into up-to-date reviews that provide perspective on the wide range of questions that can be addressed by EPR. Key Features:Free Radicals in Medicine Radicals in vivo and in Model Systems, and their Study by Spin Trapping In vivo EPR, including Oximetry and Imaging Time Domain EPR at Radio Frequencies EPR of Copper Complexes: Motion and Frequency Dependence Time Domain EPR and Electron Spin Echo Envelope Modulation

Author Biography

Prof. Sandra S. Eaton is John Evans Professor in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at the University of Denver. Her research interests include distance measurements in proteins, EPR of metal ions in biological systems, electron spin relaxation times, and EPR instrumentation. The Eatons co-organize an annual EPR Symposium in Denver. Prof. Gareth R. Eaton is John Evans Professor in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at the University of Denver. His research interests include EPR instrumentation, distance measurements in proteins, EPR of metal ions in biological systems, and electron spin relaxation times. Dr. Lawrence J. Berliner is currently Professor and Chair of the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at the University of Denver after retiring from Ohio State University, where he spent a 32-year career in the area of biological magnetic resonance (EPR and NMR). He is the Series Editor for Biological Magnetic Resonance, which he launched in 1979.

Table of Contents

Section I. James S. Hyde and Biomedical EPR
Introduction	3	(484)
Helmut Beinert
An Incomplete History of Jim Hyde and the EPR Center At MCW
Harold M. Swartz
Introduction	7	(1)
Jim Hyde Before The Establishment Of The National Biomedical EPR Center	7	(4)
Establishing The Center	11	(11)
References	22	(3)
Section II. Biological Free Radicals and Medicine
Free Radicals and Medicine
Harold M. Swartz
Ronald. P. Mason
Neil Hogg
Balaraman. Kalyanaraman
Tadeuszz. Sarna
Przemyslaw M. Plonka
Mariusz Zareba
P. L. Gutierrez
Lawrence J. Berliner
Introduction	25	(6)
Pulmonary Free Radical Damage	31	(3)
Free Radicals And Sickle Cell Disease	34	(2)
Free Radicals in Motor Neuron Disease or Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)	36	(3)
Melanin, Free Radicals, And Pathophysiology	39	(5)
Free Radicals And Cancer- Potential Roles Of Oxidative Stress In The Induction Of Cancer	44	(5)
Using NMR and EPR with Spin Traps	49	(11)
Summary And Conclusions	60	(15)
Superoxide Generation from Nitric Oxide Synthase: Role of Cofactors and Protein-interaction
Jeannette Vasquez-Vivar
Pavel Martasek
B. Kalyanaraman
Introduction	75	(5)
Superoxide Detection from NOS: Loop Gap Resonator and Novel Spin Traps	80	(7)
Summary	87	(1)
References	88	(5)
In Vivo Spin Trapping of Free Radical Metabolites of Drugs and Toxic Chemicals Utilizing Ex Vivo Detection
Ronald P. Mason
Maria B. Kadiiska
Spin Traps	93	(1)
Ex Vivo Detection Techniques	94	(3)
Sensitivity Advance	97	(1)
Applications of Spin Trapping	97	(4)
Complete Table of all Free Radical Metabolites detected by Ex Vivo ESR	101	(3)
References	104	(7)
Post Processing Strategies in EPR Spin-Trapping Studies
Agnes Keszler
Neil Hogg
Introduction	111	(1)
Methods	112	(1)
Signal Averaging	112	(1)
Multiple Linear Regression of EPR Data	113	(2)
Singular Value Decomposition	115	(7)
Conclusions	122	(1)
References	122	(3)
Biophysical Studies of Melanin: Paramagnetic, Ion-Exchange and Redox Properties of Melanin Pigments and Their Photoreactivity
Tadeusz Sarna
Przemyslaw M. Plonka
Introduction	125	(1)
Melanin As A Free Radical And Antioxidant	126	(11)
Other Experimental Approaches And Future Prospects	137	(3)
References	140	(7)
Application of Spin Labels To Membrane Bioenergetics: Photosynthetic Systems of Higher Plants
Alexander N. Tikhonov
Witold K. Subczynski
Introduction	147	(4)
The Use Of pH-Sensitive Spin Labels To Measure The Proton Potential In Chloroplasts	151	(12)
Spin-Label Oximetry In Photosynthetic Systems	163	(13)
Use Of Spin Labels To Study Structure-Function Relationships In Chloroplasts	176	(7)
Concluding Remarks	183	(1)
References	184	(13)
Section III. In Vivo EPR and Physiology
EPR Spectroscopy of Function In Vivo: Origins, Achievements, And Future Possibilities
Harold M. Swartz
Nadeem Khan
Introduction	197	(3)
Oxygen	200	(3)
Nitric Oxide	203	(3)
pH	206	(2)
Biophysical Parameters Including Charge, Macromolecular Motion, Membrane Fluidity, Viscosity, And Membrane Potential	208	(1)
Thiols	209	(2)
Reactive free radicals (detected by spin trapping)	211	(3)
Free radical forms of drugs and toxins	214	(1)
Oxidation, reduction, and redox metabolism	215	(2)
Paramagnetic states of metal ions	217	(1)
Temperature	218	(1)
Viability	219	(1)
Pharmacokinetics	220	(1)
Perfusion Using Washout Of Paramagnetic Tracers	221	(1)
Radiation Dosimetry	221	(2)
Conclusions	223	(1)
References	224	(5)
EPR Oximetry in Biological and Model Samples
Witold K. Subczynski
Harold M. Swartz
Introduction	229	(3)
Measurement Of Oxygen Using Spin-Label Probes	232	(8)
Measurements in Cell Suspensions	240	(8)
Oxygen Solubility and Diffusion in Lipid Bilayer Membranes	248	(9)
DOT method (Method of Discrimination by Oxygen Transport)	257	(7)
Oximetry Measurements Confirm Quality Of Molecular Dynamics Simulation Of Membranes	264	(1)
Oximetry In Vivo	265	(8)
Final Remarks	273	(1)
References	274	(9)
In vivo EPR Imaging
Benjamin B. Williams
Howard J. Halpern
A Brief History of In vivo EPR Imaging	283	(2)
Images Of Living Animals	285	(10)
Low Field Magnets	295	(1)
Spin Probes	296	(3)
Information That Can Be Imaged	299	(4)
EPR Imaging	303	(10)
Conclusions	313	(1)
References	313	(8)
Time-Domain Radio Frequency EPR Imaging
Sankaran Subramanian
Murali C. Krishna
Introduction	321	(4)
Time-Domain EPR	325	(10)
Challenges In Time-Domain EPR Spectroscopy And Imaging At RF	335	(17)
Reconstruction Techniques	352	(7)
Representative Results From Time-Domain EPR Imaging At 300 MHz	359	(6)
Alternate Method Of Spatial Encoding In Time- Domain EPR	365	(10)
Summary And Future Directions	375	(2)
References	377	(8)
Section IV. Metals
Copper Biomolecules in Solution
Riccardo Basosi
Giovanni Della Lunga
Rebecca Pogni
Introduction	385	(6)
Experimental Procedures and Data Processing	391	(8)
The Stochastic Liouville Approach to Simulation	399	(7)
Applications to Copper Biomolecules in Solution	406	(8)
References	414	(3)
Low Frequency EPR of Cu2+ in Proteins
William E. Antholine
Introduction	417	(7)
Examples From Type 2 (Square Planar) And Type 1 (Blue) Cu2+ Sites	424	(13)
A Mixed Valence Dinuclear Copper [HisCu1.5+(Cys)2Cu1.5+His] Purple CuA Site	437	(5)
Epr Signals From A Cluster	442	(3)
Perspectives	445	(5)
References	450	(5)
Electron Spin-Echo Envelope Modulation Studies Of 14N In Biological Systems
Michael J. Colaneri
Jack Peisach
Introduction	455	(2)
The ESEEM Experiment	457	(5)
Applications	462	(21)
Concluding Thoughts	483	(4)
References	487