Body Fluids and Electrolytes : A Programmed Presentation

by Speakman & Weldy

• ISBN13: 9780323012744
• ISBN10: 0323012744
• Edition: 8th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2001-12-07
• Publisher: Mosby

Summary

BODY FLUIDS & ELECTROLYTES is designed for nursing students who are learning about the complex problems associated with fluid balance. This informative text addresses a difficult topic involving multiple body systems in a concise, organized fashion, presenting information in a sequence from simple to complex. Building on the student's current knowledge, the text allows for individual progress. This text is an excellent source to help nursing students understand fluids and electrolytes.

Table of Contents

Part I FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE
Introduction	1	(1)
Body Fluid Compartments	2	(2)
Distribution of Body Fluids	4	(2)
Constituents of Body Fluids	6	(7)
Electrolytes	6	(7)
Normal Electrolyte Composition of the Fluid Compartments	13	(15)
Movement of Fluid in the Body	13	(4)
Types of Solutions	17	(2)
Measurement of Osmotic Pressure	19	(9)
Normal Regulation Mechanism by Which Water and Electrolytes Enter and Leave the Body	28	(3)
Controls for Maintaining Fluid and Electrolyte Balance	31	(6)
Examples of Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance	37	(7)
Extracellular Fluid Volume Imbalance	37	(1)
Extracellular Fluid Concentration Imbalance	38	(1)
Extracellular Fluid Composition Imbalance	38	(5)
Key Points	40	(1)
Critical Thinking Questions	41	(2)
Part II FLUID VOLUME IMBALANCE
Introduction	43	(1)
Fluid Volume Deficit	44	(10)
Laboratory Findings	45	(1)
Signs and Symptoms	46	(3)
Types of Fluid Volume Deficits	49	(5)
Fluid Requirements	54	(14)
Treatment	56	(1)
Fluids by Infusion	57	(11)
Fluid Volume Excess	68	(6)
Signs and Symptoms	71	(1)
Treatment	72	(2)
Fluid Volume Shifts	74	(7)
Key Points	77	(1)
Critical Thinking Questions	77	(3)
Part III ACID-BASE BALANCE/IMBALANCE
Introduction	80	(1)
Hydrogen Ion Concentration	81	(3)
Defense Mechanisms	84	(8)
The Buffer System	85	(2)
The Respiratory System	87	(2)
The Renal System	89	(3)
Clinical Conditions of Imbalance	92	(9)
Respiratory Acidosis	92	(2)
Respiratory Alkalosis	94	(1)
Metabolic Acidosis	95	(2)
Metabolic Alkalosis	97	(1)
Combination of Types of Imbalance	98	(1)
Effects of Acidosis and Alkalosis on the Body	99	(2)
Nursing Care in Acid-Base Imbalance	101	(12)
Blood Gas Analysis	101	(1)
Respiratory Origin	102	(2)
Metabolic Origin	104	(3)
General Nursing Responsibilities	107	(6)
Key Points	110	(1)
Critical Thinking Questions	110	(3)
Part IV ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE
Introduction	113	(1)
Sodium Imbalance	113	(14)
Sodium Deficit (Hyponatremia)	116	(6)
Sodium Excess (Hypernatremia)	122	(5)
Potassium Imbalance	127	(17)
Potassium Deficit (Hypokalemia)	130	(8)
Potassium Excess (Hyperkalemia)	138	(6)
Magnesium Imbalance	144	(15)
Magnesium Deficit (Hypomagnesemia)	147	(9)
Magnesium Excess (Hypermagnesemia)	156	(3)
Calcium Imbalance	159	(19)
Calcium Deficit (Hypocalcemia)	164	(7)
Calcium Excess (Hypercalcemia)	171	(7)
Phosphorus Imbalance	178	(13)
Phosphorus Deficit (Hypophosphatemia)	179	(4)
Phosphorus Excess (Hyperphosphatemia)	183	(8)
Key Points	186	(1)
Critical Thinking Questions	187	(4)
Appendix	191	(3)
Bibliography	194