Born to Talk : An Introduction to Speech and Language Development

by Lloyd M. Hulit; Merle R. Howard

• ISBN13: 9780205194117
• ISBN10: 0205194117
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1996-10-01
• Publisher: Allyn & Bacon, Inc.

Summary

The primary focus of this book is language. Chapters one through six are devoted to language development. Whereas other books divide language development according to the various components of language, ours is a real time presentation of development, divided by stages.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xi
A Connection of Brains	p. 1
Separate but Related Processes	p. 3
The Unique Characteristics of Human Speech	p. 6
Speech: The Tale of Two Brains	p. 11
Review Questions	p. 14
References and Suggested Readings	p. 14
Language Acquisition: A Theoretical Journey	p. 16
Choosing Sides	p. 17
The Behaviorist Interpretation	p. 18
The Nativist Interpretation	p. 24
The Generative Semantics Interpretation	p. 32
The Cognitive Interpretation	p. 35
The Information Processing Interpretation	p. 35
The Pragmatics Revolution	p. 37
The Social Interactionist Interpretation	p. 38
And the Evolution Continues	p. 47
Review Questions	p. 48
References and Suggested Readings	p. 49
Cognitive Development: Building a Foundation for Language	p. 55
Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development	p. 57
Vygotsky's Theory of Cognitive Development: A Sociocultural Perspective	p. 90
The Perceptual Groundwork for Communication	p. 96
Review Questions	p. 102
References and Suggested Readings	p. 103
In the Beginning: Communication Development from Birth to Two Years	p. 109
From the Beginning, the Infant Communicates	p. 110
Beyond Infancy: The Emergence of Language	p. 127
State 1: From Words to Combinations of Words	p. 130
Comprehension and Production: A Critical and Evolving Relationship	p. 148
The Role of the Caregiver in the Acquisition of Early Language	p. 151
A Brief Look Back and a Glimpse Forward	p. 153
Review Questions	p. 153
References and Suggested Readings	p. 155
The Saga Continues: Language Development through the Preschool Years	p. 165
Elaborating Structure and Refining Meaning	p. 166
Producing Longer, More Adultlike Sentences	p. 181
Elaboration by Embedding	p. 185
Polishing the Act	p. 195
Understanding Language: Cognition, Comprehension, and Production	p. 208
Review Questions	p. 218
References and Suggested Readings	p. 219
Taking Language to School and into Adulthood	p. 226
Bringing My Stuff to School: Pencils, Crayons, and Language	p. 227
Language Development during the School Years: An Overview	p. 229
Semantics: Vocabulary and Cognition Still Growing Together	p. 230
Syntax and Morphology: Still Expanding and Acquiring	p. 244
Pragmatic Development: Conversational Skills Continue to Improve	p. 253
Metalinguistic Development during the School Years	p. 269
Reading and Writing: New Applications of Language	p. 273
Language in Adulthood: Changes and Challenges	p. 287
And the Beat Goes On...	p. 293
Review Questions	p. 293
References and Suggested Readings	p. 295
The Building Blocks of Speech	p. 307
Describing Speech Sounds	p. 308
Co-Articulation: The Mix of Sounds in the Making of Speech	p. 314
The Landmarks of Phonological Development	p. 316
Theories of Phonological Development	p. 321
Review Questions	p. 330
References and Suggested Readings	p. 331
Language Diversity: Regional, Social/Cultural, and Gender Differences	p. 334
What Is a Dialect?	p. 335
What Is an Accent?	p. 337
Regional Dialects	p. 337
Social/Cultural Dialects	p. 342
Cultural Diversity in the Public Schools	p. 354
Gender Differences in Language	p. 362
Review Questions	p. 370
References and Suggested Readings	p. 371
One Tongue-Two or More Languages	p. 376
The Changing Face of America	p. 378
What Does It Mean to Be Bilingual?	p. 379
Bilingual Development-Different Views, Different Terminology	p. 380
Cognition and Language Development in Bilingualism	p. 383
Learning a Second Language-The Optimal Age	p. 385
A Closer Look at Simultaneous Bilingualism	p. 388
A Closer Look at Successive or Sequential Bilingualism	p. 391
Stages of Language Development in Bilingual Children	p. 393
Bilingualism-Good, Bad, or Inevitable?	p. 398
Review Questions	p. 398
References and Suggested Readings	p. 399
Speech and Language Disorders	p. 404
Falling Short of Normal Communication	p. 405
Phonological Disorders	p. 408
Language Impairments	p. 410
Voice Disorders	p. 418
Fluency Disorders	p. 419
Final Thoughts	p. 424
Review Questions	p. 424
References and Suggested Readings	p. 425
The Anatomical and Physiological Bases of Speech, Language, and Hearing	p. 431
Speech as the Product of Borrowed Structures	p. 432
The Four Processes of Speech	p. 433
Respiration	p. 435
Phonation	p. 440
Resonation	p. 446
Articulation	p. 448
The Four Processes in Review	p. 449
The Brain: The Computer Center for Speech and Language	p. 450
The Ear: An Energy Transformer	p. 455
The Complete Speech and Language Machine	p. 460
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