The Box: How the Shipping Container Made the World Smaller and the World Economy Bigger

by Levinson, Marc

• ISBN13: 9781400828586
• ISBN10: 1400828589
• Copyright: 2010-07-05
• Publisher: Princeton Univ Pr

Summary

In April 1956, a refitted oil tanker carried fifty-eight shipping containers from Newark to Houston. From that modest beginning, container shipping developed into a huge industry that made the boom in global trade possible.The Boxtells the dramatic story of the container's creation, the decade of struggle before it was widely adopted, and the sweeping economic consequences of the sharp fall in transportation costs that containerization brought about.Published on the fiftieth anniversary of the first container voyage, this is the first comprehensive history of the shipping container. It recounts how the drive and imagination of an iconoclastic entrepreneur, Malcom McLean, turned containerization from an impractical idea into a massive industry that slashed the cost of transporting goods around the world and made the boom in global trade possible.But the container didn't just happen. Its adoption required huge sums of money, both from private investors and from ports that aspired to be on the leading edge of a new technology. It required years of high-stakes bargaining with two of the titans of organized labor, Harry Bridges and Teddy Gleason, as well as delicate negotiations on standards that made it possible for almost any container to travel on any truck or train or ship. Ultimately, it took McLean's success in supplying U.S. forces in Vietnam to persuade the world of the container's potential.Drawing on previously neglected sources, economist Marc Levinson shows how the container transformed economic geography, devastating traditional ports such as New York and London and fueling the growth of previously obscure ones, such as Oakland. By making shipping so cheap that industry could locate factories far from its customers, the container paved the way for Asia to become the world's workshop and brought consumers a previously unimaginable variety of low-cost products from around the globe.

Table of Contents

Preface to the Paperback Edition	p. ix
Acknowledgments	p. xv
The World the Box Made	p. 1
Gridlock on the Docks	p. 16
The Trucker	p. 36
The System	p. 54
The Battle for New York's Port	p. 76
Union Disunion	p. 101
Setting the Standard	p. 127
Takeoff	p. 150
Vietnam	p. 171
Ports in a Storm	p. 189
Boom and Bust	p. 212
The Bigness Complex	p. 231
The Shippers' Revenge	p. 245
Just in Time	p. 264
Abbreviations	p. 279
Notes	p. 281
Bibliography	p. 343
Index	p. 365
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