Brain Injury and Pediatric Cardiac Surgery

by Jonas; Richard

• ISBN13: 9780750695671
• ISBN10: 0750695676
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1995-12-15
• Publisher: CRC Press

Summary

An estimated 30,000 children are born in the USA with congenital heart disease each year, two thirds of which will require corrective surgery. Medical advances have formed a trend of operating on newborns rather than waiting until the child is older. Ten years ago, the mortality for these operationswas 60% to 70%. That percentage has dropped to 2%. This specialized book explores the basic mechanisms of neurologic injury associated with congenital heart surgery while covering the emerging technologies for assessment of neurologic integrity and injury. The text also highlights the current and future techniques for reducing and preventing these injuries, and reviews the pertinent medicolegal issues.

Table of Contents

Contributing Authors
Foreword
Preface
Brain Injury and Infant Cardiac Surgery: Overview	p. 1
Brain Development and Its Relationship to Patterns of Injury	p. 13
Maturation of Brain ATP Metabolism	p. 29
EEG Maturation with Special Reference to Epileptogenic Effects of Hypoxia	p. 59
Programmed Cell Death: The Biology of Cell Death in the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and Implications for the Understanding and Treatment of Human Brain Injury after Cardiac Surgery	p. 75
The Neurological Examination	p. 87
Cognitive and Psychomotor Developmental Assessment	p. 101
EEG Methods with Particular Reference to Neonatal Seizures	p. 109
Transcranial Doppler Technology: The Noninvasive Monitoring of Cerebral Perfusion During Cardiopulmonary Bypass	p. 129
PET and SPECT in the Assessment of Cerebral Function	p. 143
Brain Monitoring Using Optical Imaging and Optical Spectroscopy	p. 153
Assessment of CNS Function: Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism	p. 185
Cerebral Evaluation with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy	p. 192
Mechanisms of Perinatal Ischemic Brain Damage	p. 201
Endothelial and White Cell Activation in Bypass and Reperfusion Injury: Brain Injury	p. 215
Excitotoxicity and Nitric Oxide	p. 229
A Newborn Canine Model of Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest	p. 241
Effects of CPB, Hypothermia, and Circulatory Arrest on Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism	p. 255
Assessment by NMRS of the Effects of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Hypothermia, and Circulatory Arrest	p. 265
pH Management During Hypothermic Cardiopulmonary Bypass with Circulatory Arrest	p. 271
Methods and Procedures	p. 289
EEG Findings	p. 311
Neurologic and MRI Findings	p. 329
Developmental Findings at One Year	p. 341
Choreoathetosis	p. 353
New Strategies for Brain Protection Including NMDA Receptor Antagonists	p. 365
Cerebroplegia and Low Flow	p. 375
Pharmacological Modification of a Cerebroplegia Solution	p. 385
Index	p. 407
Table of Contents provided by Blackwell. All Rights Reserved.