A Brief History Of Chinese Civilization

by SCHIROKAUER/BROWN

• ISBN13: 9780534643058
• ISBN10: 0534643051
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-03-10
• Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing

Summary

Part I: THE CLASSICAL CIVILIZATION OF CHINA. 1. "China" In Antiquity. The Neolithic. The Origins of Chinese Writing. The Rise of the Bronze Age. The Shang. The Western Zhou Dynasty. The Book of Odes. 2. Turbulent Times and Classical Thought. The Spring and Autumn Period. The Rise of Hegemons. The Warring States Period. "The Hundred Schools." Confucius. Mozi. Mencius. Xunzi. Laozi and Zhuangzi. Han Feizi. 3. The Early Imperial Period. Qin. Sources and Historiographical Problems. Reappraisals. Han. The Formative Years. The Quality of Han Rule. The Xiongnu and Other Neighboring Peoples. Intellectual Movements. The Visual Art and Poetry. Changes in Political Economy during the Han period: Women. Fall of the Han. Part II: CHINA IN A BUDDHIST AGE. 4. China During The Period Of Disunity. The Fundamentals of Buddhism. A World in Disarray. China Divided. Buddhism in the North. Daoism The Religion. The South. Poetry. Calligraphy. Painting. Buddhism in the South. China on the Eve of Unification. 5. The Cosmopolitan Civilization Of The Sui And Tang: 581-907. The Sui (581-617). The Tang: Establishment & Consolidation. Gaozong & Empress Wu. High Tang. Chang'an. The Flourishing of Buddhism. Daoism. The Rebellion of An Lushan (755-763). Li Bai & Du Fu. Late Tang. Late Tang Poetry & Culture. Collapse of the Dynasty. Part III: LATE IMPERIAL/EARLY MODERN. 6. China During the Song: 960-1279. The Founding. A New Elite. The Examination System. The Northern Song. Government and Politics. Wang Anshi. The Economy. The Religious Scene. The Confucian Revival. Poetry and Painting. The Southern Song (1127-1279). Southern Song Cities and Commerce. Literary and Visual Arts. "Neo-Confucianism". Values and Gender . The End. 7. The Mongol Empire and the Yuan Dynasty. Chinggis Khan: Founding of the Mongol Empire. China under the Mongols: The Early Years (1211-1260). Khubilai Khan and the Early Yuan. The Yuan continued, 1294-1355. The Economy. Society. Religion. Cultural and Intellectual Life. "Northern" Drama. Painting. Rebellions and Disintegration. 8. The Ming Dynasty 1368-1644. The Early Ming (1368 -1424). Maritime Expeditions (1405-1433). The Early Middle Period (1425-1505). The Later Middle Period (1506-1590). Economy and Society. Literacy and Literature. The Novel. Drama. Painting. Ming Thought: Wang Yangming. Religion. Ming Thought after Wang Yangming. Dong Qichang and Late Ming Painting. Late Ming Government (1590-1644). 9. East Asia and Modern Europe: First Encounters. The Portuguese in East Asia. The Jesuits in Japan. The Impact of Other Europeans. The "Closing" of Japan. The Jesuits in China. The Rites Controversy. The Decline of Christianity in China. Trade with the West and the Canton System. 10. The Qing Dynasty. The Founding of the Qing. Early Qing Painters and Thinkers. The Reign of Kangxi. Yongzheng. Qianlong. Eighteenth Century Governance. Eighteenth-Century Literati Culture. Fiction. A Buoyant Economy. Social Change. Ecology. Dynastic Decline. Part IV: CHINA IN THE MODERN WORLD. 11. The Troubled Nineteenth Century, Part I The Opium War and Taiping Rebellion. The Opium War (18391841) and Its Causes, The Treaty of Nanjing and the Treaty System, Internal Crisis, The Taiping Rebellion (18501864), Zeng Guofan and the Defeat of the Taiping, China and the World from the Treaty of Nanjing to the End of the Taiping, PART II 1870-94. The Post-Taiping Revival, Self-Strengtheningthe First Phase, Self-Strengtheningthe Theory, The Empress Dowager and the Government Education Economic Self-Strengthening, The Traditional Economic Sector, Missionary Efforts and Christian Influences, Old Wine in New Bottles, Part III Foreign Relations. Continued Pressures, Vietnam and the Sino-French War of 1884-1885, Korea and the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, The Treaty of Shimonoseki (April 1895). 12. Endings and Beginnings, 18951927, Part 1. The Last Years of the Last Dynasty. The New Reformers, The Scramble for Concessions, The Boxer Rising, Winds of Change, Stirrings

Table of Contents

Prefix	ix
Acknowledgments	xi
Part One: The Classical Civilization of China	1	(82)
Chapter 1 "China" in Antiquity	2	(22)
The Neolithic Age	3	(3)
The Origins of Chinese Writing	6	(2)
The Rise of the Bronze Age	8	(1)
The Shang	9	(7)
The Western Zhou Dynasty	16	(3)
The Odes	19	(5)
Chapter 2: Turbulent Times and Classical Thought	24	(26)
The Spring and Autumn Period	25	(3)
The Warring States Period	28	(4)
"The Hundred Schools"	32	(1)
Confucius	33	(2)
Mozi	35	(3)
Mencius	38	(2)
Xunzi	40	(2)
Laozi and Zhuangzi	42	(4)
Han Feizi	46	(4)
Chapter 3: The Early Imperial Period	50	(33)
I. The Qin	51	(5)
Sources and Historiographical Problems	51	(3)
Reappraisals	54	(2)
II. The Han	56	(28)
The Formative Years	56	(2)
The Quality of Han Rule	58	(2)
The Xiongnu and Other Neighboring Peoples	60	(1)
Intellectual Movements	61	(4)
Poetry	65	(2)
Gender	67	(4)
Changes in Political Economy during the Han Period	71	(6)
The Fall of the Han	77	(6)
Part Two: China in a Buddhist Age	83	(52)
Chapter 4: China during the Period of Disunity	84	(22)
The Fundamentals of Buddhism	85	(3)
A World in Disarray	88	(2)
China Divided	90	(1)
The Northern Wei (386-534)	91	(1)
Buddhism in the North	92	(3)
Daoism-The Religion	95	(2)
The South	97	(2)
Poetry	99	(1)
Calligraphy	100	(1)
Painting	101	(2)
Buddhism in the South	103	(1)
China on the Eve of Reunification	104	(2)
Chapter 5: The Cosmopolitan Civilization of the Sui and Tang: 581-907	106	(29)
The Sui (581-617)	107	(2)
The Tang: Establishment and Consolidation	109	(3)
Gaozong and Empress Wu	112	(2)
High Tang	114	(1)
City Life in the Capital: Chang'an	115	(3)
The Flourishing of Buddhism	118	(5)
Institutionally	118	(1)
Aesthetically	119	(1)
Intellectually	119	(2)
Pure Land and Chan	121	(1)
The Hungry Ghost Festival	122	(1)
Daoism	123	(1)
The Rebellion of An Lushan (755-763)	123	(1)
Li Bai and Du Fu	124	(3)
Late Tang	127	(1)
Late Tang Poetry and Culture	128	(2)
Collapse of the Dynasty	130	(5)
Part Three: Late Imperial/Early Modern	135	(123)
Chapter 6: China during the Song: 960-1279	136	(32)
The Founding	137	(1)
The New Elite	138	(1)
The Examination System	139	(1)
The Northern Song	140	(1)
Government and Politics	141	(3)
Wang Anshi	144	(1)
The Economy	145	(3)
The Religious Scene	148	(3)
The Confucian Revival	151	(1)
Poetry and Painting	151	(4)
The Southern Song (1127-1279)	155	(1)
Southern Song Cities and Commerce	156	(1)
Literary and Visual Arts	157	(2)
"Neo-Confucianism"	159	(3)
Values and Gender	162	(3)
The End	165	(3)
Chapter 7: The Mongol Empire and the Yuan Dynasty	168	(22)
Chinggis Khan: Founding of the Mongol Empire	169	(3)
China under the Mongols: The Early Years (1211-1260)	172	(1)
Khubilai Khan and the Early Yuan	173	(2)
The Yuan Continued, 1294-1355	175	(2)
The Economy	177	(1)
Society	178	(1)
Religion	178	(1)
Cultural and Intellectual Life	179	(2)
"Northern" Drama	181	(3)
Painting	184	(3)
Rebellions and Disintegration	187	(3)
Chapter 8: The Ming Dynasty, 1368-1644	190	(28)
The Early Ming (1368-1424)	191	(3)
Maritime Expeditions (1405-1433)	194	(1)
The Early Middle Period (1425-1505)	195	(2)
The Later Middle Period (1506-1590)	197	(3)
Economy and Society	200	(2)
Literacy and Literature	202	(1)
The Novel	203	(1)
Drama	204	(1)
Painting	205	(2)
Ming Thought: Wang Yangming	207	(2)
Religion	209	(1)
Ming Thought after Wang Yangming	210	(1)
Dong Qichang and Late Ming Painting	211	(2)
Late Ming Government (1590-1644)	213	(5)
Chapter 9: East Asia and Modern Europe: First Encounters	218	(16)
The Portuguese in East Asia	219	(2)
The Jesuits in Japan	221	(2)
The Impact of Other Europeans	223	(2)
The "Closing" of Japan	225	(1)
The Jesuits in China	226	(2)
The Rites Controversy	228	(1)
The Decline of Christianity in China	229	(2)
Trade with the West and the Canton System	231	(3)
Chapter 10: The Qing Dynasty	234	(24)
The Founding of the Qing	235	(3)
Early Qing Thinkers and Painters	238	(2)
The Reign of Kangxi	240	(2)
Yongzheng	242	(1)
Qianlong	243	(2)
Eighteenth-Century Governance	245	(1)
Eighteenth-Century Literati Culture	246	(1)
Fiction	247	(3)
A Buoyant Economy	250	(1)
Social Change	251	(3)
Ecology	254	(1)
Dynastic Decline	255	(3)
Part Four: China in the Modern World	258	(63)
Chapter 11: China: Internal Crises and Western Intrusion	260	(36)
I. The Opium War and Taiping Rebellion	260	(14)
The Opium War (1839-1841) and Its Causes	261	(5)
The Treaty of Nanjing and the Treaty System	266	(2)
Internal Crisis	268	(1)
The Taiping Rebellion (1850-1864)	269	(2)
Zeng Guofan and the Defeat of the Taiping	271	(2)
China and the World from the Treaty of Nanjing to the End of the Taiping	273	(1)
II. 1870-1894	274	(15)
The Post-Taiping Revival	275	(1)
Self-Strengthening-The First Phase	275	(3)
Self-Strengthening-The Theory	278	(1)
The Empress Dowager and the Government	279	(3)
Education	282	(1)
Economic Self-Strengthening	283	(1)
The Traditional Economic Sector	284	(1)
Missionary Efforts and Christian Influences	285	(2)
Old and New Wine in Old Bottles	287	(2)
III. Foreign Relations	289	(7)
Continued Pressures	289	(1)
Vietnam and the Sino-French War of 1884-1885	290	(2)
Korea and the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895	292	(1)
The Treaty of Shimonoseki (April 1895)	293	(3)
Chapter 12: China: Endings and Beginnings, 1895-1927	296	(25)
I. The Last Years of the Last Dynasty	296	(10)
The New Reformers	297	(2)
The Scramble for Concessions	299	(1)
The Boxer Rising	300	(1)
Winds of Change	301	(1)
Stirrings of Protest and Revolution	302	(1)
Eleventh-Hour Reform	303	(2)
The Revolution of 1911	305	(1)
II. From Yuan Shikai to Chiang Kai-shek	306	(16)
Yuan Shikai	306	(1)
The Warlord Era	307	(1)
Intellectual Ferment	308	(2)
Intellectual Alternatives	310	(1)
Cultural Alternatives	311	(3)
Marxism in China: The Early Years	314	(1)
The GMD and Sun Yat-sen (1913-1923)	315	(1)
GMD and C.C.P. Cooperation (1923-1927)	316	(2)
The Break	318	(1)
Establishment of the Nationalist Government	319	(2)
Part Five: Building a New China	321	(71)
Chapter 13: China under the Nationalists	322	(24)
The Nanjing Decade	323	(1)
The Nanjing Decade-Domestic Policies	324	(3)
The Chinese Communists, 1927-1934	327	(1)
The Long March	328	(2)
United Front and War	330	(2)
Expansion of the War into a Pacific War	332	(1)
The Course of the War	333	(2)
China at War	335	(2)
Japan at War	337	(1)
The End of World War II	338	(1)
Taiwan	339	(2)
Civil War and Communist Triumph, 1946-1949	341	(5)
Chapter 14: China under Mao	346	(24)
I. Consolidation and Construction Soviet Style, 1949-1958	346	(8)
Government and Politics	347	(2)
Foreign Relations and the Korean War	349	(1)
Economic Policies	350	(2)
Thought Reform and Intellectuals	352	(2)
II. The Revolution Continued, 1958-1976	354	(16)
The Great Leap Forward	355	(2)
The Sino-Soviet Split	357	(3)
Domestic Politics, 1961-1965	360	(1)
The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution: The Radical Phase, 1966-1969	361	(3)
The Winding Down, 1969-1976	364	(6)
Chapter 15: The Chinese World Since Mao	370	(22)
Deng Xiaoping and the Four Modernizations	371	(2)
The Four Cardinal Principles	373	(1)
Intellectual Life and the Arts in the 1980's	374	(2)
Tiananmen	376	(2)
State, Economy, and Society in the 1990's and into the New Century	378	(2)
The Environment	380	(1)
The Revival of Religion	381	(1)
Foreign Relations and Hong Kong	382	(2)
Intellectuals and Artists in the 1990's and into the New Century	384	(3)
Taiwan	387	(5)
Afterword	392	(5)
International Tensions	392	(1)
Economic Globalization	393	(1)
Contending Trends	394	(1)
Cultural Globalization	395	(2)
Appendix: Suggestions for Further Study	397	(16)
Credits	413	(2)
Index	415