Business Statistics; A Multimedia Guide to Concepts and Applications Includes CD-ROM Pack

by Chris Robertson; Moya McCloskey

• ISBN13: 9780340719275
• ISBN10: 0340719273
• Edition: CD
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-09-26
• Publisher: Hodder Education Publishers

Summary

This book and CD pack is the first multimedia type product aimed at teaching basic statistics to business students. The CD provides computer based tutorials and customizable practical material. The book acts as a study guide, allowing the student to check previous learning. The software is Windows-based and generates tips and responses in response to the student's input.

Author Biography

Chris Robertson is Professor of Public Epidemiology at the Department of Statistics and Modelling Science, Strathclyde University Moya McCloskey is a former Lecturer in the Department of Statistics and Modelling Science, Strathclyde University

Table of Contents

List of figures	xi
List of tables	xvii
Preface	xxi
Acknowledgments	xxv
Introduction	1	(13)
Opinion polls	1	(2)
Supermarket relocation	3	(2)
Financial indices	5	(2)
Official statistics	7	(1)
School and hospital league tables	8	(3)
Common features of statistical studies: what exactly is statistics?	11	(1)
Statistical techniques in business	12	(2)
Summarizing business surveys: populations and samples, variables and variability	14	(21)
Populations and samples	14	(3)
Types of variable	17	(4)
Location and variability in quantitative variables	21	(11)
Qualitative variables - proportions	32	(3)
Graphs for investigating distribution and relationships	35	(33)
Introduction	35	(1)
Histogram	36	(7)
Stem and leaf plot	43	(4)
Boxplot	47	(4)
Cumulative distribution function plot	51	(2)
Bar chart and pie chart	53	(4)
Scatter plot	57	(4)
Time series plot	61	(2)
Misleading displays	63	(3)
Summary	66	(2)
Index numbers	68	(20)
Introduction	68	(2)
Weighted averages	70	(3)
Simple index numbers	73	(5)
Weighted index numbers	78	(6)
Retail price index	84	(4)
Large surveys and market research surveys	88	(34)
Planning a survey	88	(5)
Sampling schemes	93	(9)
United Kingdom large government-sponsored surveys	102	(4)
Differences between major election opinion poll groups	106	(3)
Questionnaire designs	109	(9)
Bias and representative studies	118	(2)
Data presentation, tables and bar charts	120	(2)
Investigating relationships	122	(18)
Housing data -- different types of associations	123	(2)
Common transformations to linearity	125	(1)
What is a relationship?	126	(1)
Correlation	127	(4)
Regression lines	131	(4)
Lorenz plot	135	(4)
Summary	139	(1)
Relationships with time	140	(20)
Introduction	140	(1)
Simple time series models	141	(2)
Moving averages	143	(5)
Exponential smoothing	148	(2)
Correcting for seasonality	150	(4)
Forecasting	154	(5)
Summary	159	(1)
Probability as a model for random events	160	(24)
Introduction	160	(1)
Events and sample spaces	161	(4)
Probabilities and their interpretation	165	(7)
Mutually exclusive and independent events	172	(5)
Addition law, multiplication law and complementary events	177	(4)
Bayes' theorem	181	(2)
Summary	183	(1)
Probability distributions as a model for populations	184	(25)
Key ideas on random variables, expectation and variability	184	(7)
Binomial distribution	191	(8)
Continuous models	199	(1)
Normal distribution	200	(7)
Summary	207	(2)
Sampling distributions	209	(27)
Introduction	209	(1)
Random samples, repeated samples and sampling distributions	210	(6)
Bias	216	(2)
Standard error	218	(1)
Central limit theorem	219	(2)
Sampling distribution of the sample mean	221	(5)
Sampling distribution of the sample proportion	226	(6)
Precision and accuracy	232	(1)
Sample size calculations for standard errors	233	(3)
Estimation and confidence intervals	236	(25)
Introduction	236	(3)
Confidence interval for the mean of a population	239	(9)
Confidence interval for a population proportion	248	(2)
Difference of means based on independent samples	250	(3)
Difference of two population proportions	253	(3)
Large and small samples	256	(1)
Sample size calculations for confidence interval width	257	(4)
Significance tests	261	(47)
Introducing tests and errors	261	(8)
Components of a significance test	269	(5)
One-sample t test for a mean	274	(8)
t test for the difference of two independent means	282	(7)
t test for paired differences	289	(5)
Testing proportions	294	(4)
General points on the interpretation of significance tests	298	(4)
Power and sample size calculations	302	(6)
Qualitative variables: goodness of fit and association	308	(17)
Goodness-of-fit tests	308	(1)
Goodness of fit of a simple discrete probability model	309	(4)
X2 goodness-of-fit test	313	(1)
Association	314	(3)
X2 independence test for 2 x 2 tables	317	(4)
X2 independence test for r x c tables	321	(1)
Large residuals	322	(1)
Sample size	323	(2)
Correlation	325	(13)
Introduction	325	(1)
Estimate and confidence interval	326	(4)
Testing	330	(2)
Interpretation: causality and spurious correlations	332	(3)
Rank correlation	335	(3)
Linear regression	338	(38)
Introduction	338	(3)
Linear regression model	341	(4)
Relationship of the slope to the correlation coefficient	345	(2)
Confidence intervals for the estimates	347	(4)
Centring	351	(2)
Case study: capital asset pricing model	353	(3)
Residuals and outliers: checking the validity of the model	356	(5)
Confidence intervals for a predicted mean and predicted single value	361	(7)
Qualitative explanatory variables	368	(3)
More than one explanatory variable: multiple regression	371	(3)
Summary	374	(2)
Appendix A Table of the standard normal distribution	376	(1)
Appendix B Percentage points of the t distribution	377	(1)
Appendix C Percentage points of the χ2 distribution	378	(1)
References	379	(2)
Index	381