Canada's Trial Courts

by Russell, Peter H.

• ISBN13: 9780802093233
• ISBN10: 080209323X
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2007-08-30
• Publisher: Univ of Toronto Pr

Summary

One of the most important but least examined aspects of Canadian court systems is the dual structure of civil and criminal trial courts. Canada's Trial Courtsexamines the co-existence, in every province, of superior courts (presided over by federally-appointed judges) and 'lower' courts (staffed by provincially-appointed judges). Combining political and legal analysis, it is the first book to show in both quantitative and qualitative terms how Canada's trial courts have evolved into an illogical dual system.This collection begins with an exploration of the constitutional origins of Canada's integrated court system and the failure of federal and provincial governments to co-operate in its development. Also discussed are the efforts made to restructure the system in Quebec, Nova Scotia, Alberta, and Nunavut, as well as competing visions of how Canada's trial courts should be organized in the future. To put the issue in a comparative perspective, the concluding section provides accounts of how trial courts have been reformed in the UK and the State of California. Proposing a range of practical alternatives to the present system, Canada's Trial Courtsoffers a ground-breaking legal analysis that removes constitutional obstacles to trial court reform, and provides an account of the political factors that influence reform at the judicial level.Featuring prominent contributors from a variety of disciplinary backgrounds, this is the most comprehensive and up-to-date account available of the level of courts - the courts of first instance - where Canadians experience the administration of justice first hand.

Author Biography

Peter H. Russell is University Professor Emeritus in the Department of Political Science at the University of Toronto.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments	p. ix
Introduction: How We Got Here	p. 3
Emergence of the Issue
The Provincial Court and the Criminal Law	p. 25
Trial Court Reorganization in Canada: Alternative Futures	p. 40
Superior Courts in the Twenty-first Century: A Historical Anachronism?	p. 57
Constitutional Limitations upon the Allocation of Trial Jurisdiction to the Superior and Provincial Court in Criminal Matters	p. 85
Contemporary Projects of Trial Court Reform
Reform of the Trial Courts in Quebec	p. 123
Trial Court Restructuring: A Court Administrator's Perspective	p. 134
Trial Court Unification in Nunavut	p. 144
Reforming Alberta's Trial Courts	p. 152
Competing Visions
The House of Justice: A Single Trial Court	p. 163
Report of the Ontario Superior Court of Justice	p. 181
Comparative Perspectives
Organizational Change in California's Court System: Unification of Trial Courts	p. 217
Trial Court Integration in England	p. 234
Conclusion: The Road Ahead	p. 265
Contributors	p. 279
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