Capture and Reuse of Project Knowledge in Construction

by Tan, Hai Chen; Anumba, Chimay J.; Carrillo, Patricia M.; Bouchlaghem, Dino; Kamara, John; Udeaja, Chika

• ISBN13: 9781405198899
• ISBN10: 1405198893
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2010-02-01
• Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

Summary

An organisation's competitive advantage lies in the knowledge of its employees and the organisation's ability to harness that knowledge to meet business objectives. Knowledge management is recognised in the construction industry as a potential tool for providing organisational benefits, but for a number of reasons - particularly the project based nature of construction, where teams are transient, multidisciplinary and often from different organisations - implementation has been only marginally successful.Capture and Reuse of Project Knowledge in Construction describes a methodology for the 'live' capture of reusable project knowledge that reflects both the organisational and human dimensions of knowledge capture and reuse, as well as exploiting the benefits of technology. This methodology was developed in response to the shortcomings of current practices in managing project knowledge, the benefits offered by capturing and sharing knowledge immediately after it is generated, and the organisational benefit of reusing knowledge within a project based environment.

Author Biography

Hai Chen Tan is Assistant Professor in the Department of Built Environment, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Malaysia. Chimay J. Anumba is Professor of Architectural Engineering and Head of the Department of Architectural Engineering at the Pennsylvania State University, USA. Patricia M. Carrillo is Professor of Strategic Management in Construction in the Department of Civil Building Engineering, Loughborough University, UK. Dino Bouchlaghem is Professor of Architectural Engineering in the Department of Civil Building Engineering, Loughborough University, UK. John Kamara is Senior Lecturer and Director of Postgraduate Research in the School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, University of Newcastle, UK. Chika Udeaja is Senior Lecturer in the School of the Built Environment, Northumbria University, UK.

Table of Contents

Author details	p. vii
Foreword	p. ix
Acknowledgements	p. xi
Introduction	p. 1
Background	p. 1
The need for live capture and reuse of project knowledge	p. 2
The objectives and contents of the book	p. 4
Knowledge Management-Key Concepts	p. 7
Defining knowledge	p. 7
Knowledge management	p. 8
Functionalist vs. interpretivist	p. 8
Information systems vs. human resource management	p. 10
Interdisciplinary perspective	p. 10
Combined soft and hard approaches	p. 11
Benefits and barriers to KM	p. 13
KM processes	p. 14
Knowledge capture	p. 15
Knowledge sharing	p. 16
Knowledge reuse-adapting and applying	p. 17
Knowledge maintenance-archiving and retirement	p. 17
KM in construction	p. 17
Shortcomings of current practice	p. 18
KM research projects in construction	p. 20
The importance of 'live' capture and reuse of project knowledge	p. 23
Reusable Project Knowledge-Generation and Capture	p. 29
Reusable project knowledge	p. 29
Types of reusable project knowledge	p. 31
Characteristics of reusable project knowledge	p. 32
Learning situations	p. 35
Formal learning situations	p. 35
Ad hoc learning situations	p. 35
Current practice on capture and reuse of project knowledge	p. 39
Post project reviews	p. 39
Communities of Practice	p. 41
Training	p. 43
Recruitment	p. 44
Face-to-face interaction	p. 45
Mentoring	p. 46
Succession planning and management	p. 48
Reassignment of people	p. 50
Knowledge bases	p. 50
Intranets	p. 51
Groupware	p. 52
Project extranets	p. 53
Case-based reasoning	p. 54
Text mining	p. 55
Soft issues in KM	p. 56
People issues	p. 56
Organisational issues	p. 58
Cultural issues	p. 59
Summary	p. 61
Collaborative Learning in Construction	p. 63
Introduction	p. 63
Collaborative learning	p. 64
CL in construction	p. 66
Previous research in CL	p. 68
Implementing CL in construction projects	p. 73
Summary/conclusions	p. 75
Methodology for Live Knowledge Capture and Reuse of Project Knowledge	p. 77
Background of case study companies	p. 77
Findings from the case studies	p. 77
End-users' requirements for knowledge capture and reuse	p. 78
Analysis of the end-users' requirements for knowledge capture and reuse	p. 79
Current practice for the capture of reusable project knowledge	p. 83
Analysis of current practice for the capture of reusable project knowledge	p. 90
Structure of the 'live' capture and reuse of project knowledge methodology	p. 96
Integrated workflow system	p. 98
The Capri.net System	p. 103
System architecture of prototype application	p. 103
Development of the Web-based knowledge base	p. 103
Selection of development environment	p. 104
User interface and programme codes development	p. 106
Database design	p. 119
Refinement of the IWS and user interface	p. 120
Operation of the prototype application	p. 120
Logging in	p. 121
Browsing the Summary Page	p. 121
Exploring the content of the system through the 'Index Page'	p. 124
Exploring and validating the details of a knowledge item	p. 125
Add and Edit project details	p. 129
Adding new knowledge category and type	p. 131
Create account for new user	p. 132
Add New Knowledge	p. 134
Conducting a search	p. 136
Testing and evaluation of Capri.net	p. 139
Prototype testing	p. 140
Prototype evaluation	p. 143
Concluding Notes	p. 149
Summary	p. 149
Conclusions	p. 153
Limitations of the research	p. 154
Further work	p. 155
Concluding remarks	p. 157
Table Comparing the Various Knowledge Management Process Models	p. 159
Details of the Types of Reusable Project Knowledge Identified	p. 161
Additional Learning Situations Related to Change Management, Problem-Solving and Innovation	p. 167
Companies' Practice and Requirements on Knowledge Representation	p. 169
References	p. 171
Index	p. 187
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