Carbon Cycle in the Russian Arctic Seas

by Vetrov, Alexander A.; Romankevich, Evgenii Aleksandrovich

• ISBN13: 9783540214779
• ISBN10: 3540214771
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2004-08-30
• Publisher: Springer Verlag

Summary

The book attempts to generalize the data in the carbon cycles of the Barents, White, Kara, Laptev, East-Siberian and Chukchi Seas by considering inter-correlations between sources of organic carbon, their fluxes, recycling and burial in bottom sediments. The study includes analysis of the set of conditions controlling the state of the Arctic ecosystem and their season variations. All biological communities (phythoplankton, macrophythobenthos, microphythobentos, bacterioplankton, zooplankton and zoobenthos) are taken into account regarding their participation in the carbon cycle, quantitative characteristics of carbon storage and productivity. The data and estimations will be useful for geologists, biologists and geochemists studying Arctic ecosystems; for specialists modeling carbon cycling in the biosphere and forecasting global climate change; as well as for ecologists and petroleum geologists.

Author Biography

Alexander A. Vetrov is a leading scientist at the P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology RAS.

Table of Contents

1 Introduction	1	(4)
2 Features of the Arctic Seas of Russia and Their Ecosystems	5	(62)
2.1 Brief History of the Studies	5	(1)
2.2 Physical Geography	6	(6)
2.3 Features of Geological Structure and Sedimentation	12	(12)
2.4 Hydrology	24	(10)
2.5 Hydrochemistry	34	(33)
2.5.1 Oxygen	35	(11)
2.5.2 pH	46	(5)
2.5.3 Alkalinity	51	(3)
2.5.4 Nutrients (P, N, and Si)	54	(13)
3 Biological Production of the Arctic Seas of Russia	67	(66)
3.1 Introduction	67	(4)
3.2 Barents Sea	71	(28)
3.3 White Sea	99	(6)
3.4. Kara Sea	105	(12)
3.5. Seas of the East Arctic	117	(16)
4 Particulate Matter and Vertical Carbon Fluxes in the Water-Bottom System	133	(68)
4.1 Introduction	133	(2)
4.2 Barents Sea	135	(20)
4.3 White Sea	155	(8)
4.4 Kara Sea	163	(12)
4.5 Laptev, East Siberian, and Chukchi Seas	175	(7)
4.6 Carbon Fluxes from the Photic Zone to the Seafloor	182	(14)
4.7 Conclusion	196	(5)
5 Horizontal Carbon Fluxes in the Land-Sea System	201	(28)
5.1 Riverine Runoff and Carbon Fluxes	201	(15)
5.1.1 Water Runoff and Particulate Matter Supply	201	(7)
5.1.2 Carbon runoff	208	(8)
5.2 Coastal Abrasion and Carbon Fluxes	216	(4)
5.3 Aerosols and Eolian Carbon Fluxes	220	(4)
5.4 Underground and Glacial Runoff	224	(5)
5.4.1 Underground Runoff	224	(2)
5.4.2 Ice and Glacial Discharge	226	(1)
5.4.3 Interstitial Waters	227	(2)
6 Carbon in the Bottom Sediments	229	(58)
6.1 Introduction	229	(1)
6.2 Brief History of the Studies of Carbon and Organic Matter Composition	230	(1)
6.3 Selected Features of the Polar Lithogenesis	231	(3)
6.4 Organo-Chemical Composition of the Sediments	234	(13)
6.5 Distribution and Accumulation Rate of Carbon in the Bottom Sediments	247	(18)
6.5.1 Contents of TOC and Ccarb in Different Types of the Sediments	247	(3)
6.5.2 Distribution of TOC and its Accumulation Rate in the Bottom Sediments	250	(8)
6.5.3 Distribution of Ccarb and its Accumulation Rates in the Bottom Sediments	258	(7)
7 Elements of Carbon Balance and Cycling in the Arctic Seas of Russia	265	(22)
7.1 Fluxes and Balance of Masses	265	(14)
7.2 Ecological Features of the Arctic Seas and their Influence on Carbon Cycling	279	(8)
References	287	(40)
Index	327