Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: A Geologic Engineering Analysis

by Chilingarian, G. V.

• ISBN13: 9780444821034
• ISBN10: 0444821031
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1996-05-01
• Publisher: Elsevier Science Ltd

Summary

This second volume on carbonate reservoirs completes the two-volume treatise on this important topic for petroleum engineers and geologists. Together, the volumes form a complete, modern reference to the properties and production behaviour of carbonate petroleum reservoirs.The book contains valuable glossaries to geologic and petroleum engineering terms providing exact definitions for writers and speakers. Lecturers will find a useful appendix devoted to questions and problems that can be used for teaching assignments as well as a guide for lecture development. In addition, there is a chapter devoted to core analysis of carbonate rocks which is ideal for laboratory instruction.Managers and production engineers will find a review of the latest laboratory technology for carbonate formation evaluation in the chapter on core analysis. The modern classification of carbonate rocks is presented with petroleum production performance and overall characterization using seismic and well test analyses. Separate chapters are devoted to the important naturally fractured and chalk reservoirs.Throughout the book, the emphasis is on formation evaluation and performance.This two-volume work brings together the wide variety of approaches to the study of carbonate reservoirs and will therefore be of value to managers, engineers, geologists and lecturers.

Table of Contents

Introduction

Important, relatively new concepts

Traditional concepts: classification schemes

Reserve analysis of carbonate reservoirs

Reserve calculation methods

Fractured reservoir rocks and fractures

Relative permeability concepts

Prediction of overpressured formations in carbonate reservoirs

Appendices: Material balance equation

Application of petrography and statistics to the study of some petrophysical properties of carbonate reservoir rocks

Carbonate Rock Classifications

Classification of limestones

Classification of dolomites

Classification of dolomites of marine origin

Depositional Models of Carbonate Reservoirs

Stratigraphic traps in carbonate rocks: a review

Depositional facies in marine carbonate rock reservoirs

Platform types

Diagenesis and Origin of Porosity

Overview of concepts

Methods of diagenetic study

Porosity characteristics of carbonate sediments and rocks

Formation of secondary matrix porosity in limestones

Porosity in dolomites

Reservoir examples

Carbonates as Hydrocarbon Source Rocks

Characteristic lithologies of carbonate source beds

Depositional environments

Environmental interpretations from geochemistry

Diagenesis

Source-bed geochemistry

Maturation

Effects of clay minerals

Maturation examples

Migration mechanisms

Matching source with reservoir

Pore Geometry of Carbonate Rocks and Capillary Pressure Curves (Basic Geologic Concepts)

Classification of carbonate porosity

Capillary pressure curve interpretation

Interrelation between pore geometry and rock types

Application of pore geometry characteristics to exploration

Pore geometry of dolomites

Interrelationships among Surface Area, Permeability, Porosity, Pore Size, and Residual Water Saturation

Theoretical and empirical equations relating porosity, permeability, and surface area

Statistical technique of determining specific surface area

Interrelationships among surface area, rock granulometric composition, porosity, permeability, and residual water saturation

Permeability and Relative Permeability of Carbonate Reservoirs

Relationship between effective and absolute permeability

Permeability parallel to bedding versus permeability perpendicular to bedding

Effects of rock properties on relative permeability

Effects of saturation history on relative permeability

Effects of temperature on relative permeability

Laboratory-measured relative permeability examples

Three-phase relative permeability of carbonate rocks

Empirical correlation

Compressibility

Various loading conditions in rock compressibility measurement

Compressibility data for different porous media

Compressibility of clays

Compressibilities of fractured-cavernous carbonates

Compaction of carbonate rocks

Fluid Flow through Carbonate Rock Systems

Basic differences between the flow of fluids in carbonate rocks and sandstones

Rock-fluid properties

Basic flow equations for the flow of fluids

Flow through conventional sandstone-type reservoirs

Flow through naturally-fractured reservoirs

Radial flow of a constant-compressibility fluid

General fundamental flow equations for multiphase flow

Special problems on the flow of fluids in carbonate systems

Concluding remarks

Nomenclature

Oil and Gas Reserve Estimation Methods

Basic methods

Data required

Description of methods of estimation

Recovery factor

Summary

Nomenclature

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