Cardiovascular Disease in Small Animal Medicine

by Ware; Wendy A.

• ISBN13: 9781840761535
• ISBN10: 1840761539
• Edition: Revised
• Format: Nonspecific Binding
• Copyright: 2011-02-15
• Publisher: CRC Press

Summary

This is a comprehensive, authoritative, yet user-friendly guide to cardiovascular diseases and disorders in the dog and cat. It is fully referenced and richly illustrated throughout by clinical colour photos, imaging and diagrams of the highest quality.Coverage includes evaluation techniques, investigative procedures, diagnosis, medical and surgical management options and methods. Already highly praised in pre-publication reviews, Dr Ware's book will be an educational resource and a professional reference of lasting value.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. 6
Abbreviations	p. 7
Introduction and normal reference information	p. 9
The normal cardiovascular system	p. 10
The heart	p. 11
The circulation	p. 21
References	p. 25
The cardiovascular examination	p. 26
General considerations	p. 26
The cardiovascular examination	p. 27
References	p. 33
Overview of cardiac radiography	p. 34
General principles	p. 34
Evaluation of the heart	p. 34
Evaluation of intrathoracic blood vessels	p. 40
Evaluation of pulmonary parenchyma	p. 43
Evaluation of the pleural space	p. 45
References	p. 46
Overview of electrocardiography	p. 47
General principles	p. 47
Cardiac rhythym assessment	p. 51
Mean electrical axis	p. 60
Cardiac chamber enlargement	p. 61
Other ECG abnormalities and considerations	p. 62
Ambulatory ECG	p. 66
References	p. 67
Overview of echocardiography	p. 68
General principles	p. 68
The echocardiography examination	p. 69
Two-dimensional echocardiography	p. 70
M-mode echocardiography	p. 77
Doppler echocardiography	p. 82
Transesophageal echocardiography	p. 87
Three-dimensional echocardiography	p. 87
References	p. 88
Clinical manifestations and management of cardiovascular problems	p. 91
Murmurs and abnormal heart sounds	p. 92
Overview	p. 92
Cardiac murmurs	p. 92
Abnormal transient sounds	p. 95
Approach to the patient with a murmur or abnormal heart sounds	p. 96
References	p. 97
Cardiomegaly	p. 98
Overview	p. 98
Pathophysiology	p. 98
Approach to the patient with cardiomegaly	p. 99
References	p. 100
Cough	p. 101
Overview	p. 101
Pathophysiology	p. 101
Approach to the coughing patient	p. 102
References	p. 105
Respiratory difficulty	p. 106
Overview	p. 106
Pathophysiology	p. 107
Approach to the patient with respiratory difficulty	p. 112
References	p. 115
Jugular vein distension or pulsations	p. 117
Overview	p. 117
Pathophysiology	p. 118
Approach to the patient with jugular vein distension/pulsations	p. 119
References	p. 120
Abdominal distension	p. 121
Overview	p. 121
Pathophysiology	p. 121
Approach to the patient with abdominal distension	p. 124
References	p. 126
Subcutaneous edema	p. 127
Overview	p. 127
Pathophysiology	p. 127
Approach to the patient with subcutaneous edema	p. 129
References	p. 130
Abnormal heart rate or rhythm	p. 131
Overview	p. 131
Pathophysiology	p. 132
Approach to the patient with abnormal heart rate or rhythm	p. 135
References	p. 138
Syncope or intermittent collapse	p. 139
Overview	p. 139
Pathophysiology	p. 139
Approach to the patient with syncope or intermittent collapse	p. 142
References	p. 144
Thromboembolic disease	p. 145
Overview	p. 145
Pathophysiology	p. 147
Approach to the patient with thromboembolic disease	p. 152
Thromboembolic disease prophylaxis	p. 160
References	p. 161
Management of heart failure	p. 164
Overview	p. 164
Pathophysiology	p. 164
Clinical manifestations of congestive heart failure	p. 168
Management of acute decompensated congestive heart failure	p. 170
Management of chronic heart failure	p. 176
References	p. 188
Management of arrhythmias	p. 194
Overview	p. 194
Pathophysiology	p. 194
General arrhythmia management considerations	p. 196
Management of supraventricular tachyarrhythmias	p. 202
Management of ventricular tachyarrhythmias	p. 206
Management of bradyarrhythmias	p. 209
Overview of antiarrhythmic drugs	p. 211
Overview of pacing therapy	p. 219
References	p. 221
Cardiovascular diseases	p. 227
Congenital cardiovascular diseases	p. 228
Overview	p. 228
Subaortic stenosis	p. 229
Pulmonic stenosis	p. 234
Patent ductus arteriosus	p. 238
Ventricular septal defect	p. 241
Atrial septal defect	p. 243
Mitral dysplasia	p. 244
Tricuspid dysplasia	p. 246
Tetralogy of Fallot	p. 247
Pulmonary hypertension with shunt reversal	p. 250
Vascular ring anomalies	p. 255
Cor triatriatum	p. 256
Other vascular anomalies	p. 258
Endocardial fibroelastosis	p. 258
References	p. 259
Acquired valve diseases	p. 263
Degenerative valve disease	p. 263
Infective endocarditis	p. 272
References	p. 277
Myocardial diseases of the dog	p. 280
Dilated cardiomyopathy	p. 280
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy	p. 289
Secondary myocardial diseases	p. 290
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy	p. 292
Infective myocarditis	p. 293
Noninfective myocarditis	p. 295
References	p. 296
Myocardial diseases of the cat	p. 300
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy	p. 300
Secondary hypertrophic myocardial disease	p. 309
Restrictive cardiomyopathy	p. 310
Dilated cardiomyopathy	p. 312
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy	p. 316
Corticosteroid-associated congestive heart failure	p. 316
Myocarditis	p. 316
References	p. 317
Pericardial diseases and cardiac tumors	p. 320
Acquired pericardial effusions	p. 320
Constrictive pericardial disease	p. 329
Congenital pericardial malformations	p. 330
Cardiac tumors	p. 332
References	p. 337
Pulmonary hypertension	p. 340
Overview	p. 340
Pathophysiology	p. 340
Clinical features	p. 342
References	p. 348
Heartworm disease	p. 351
Dirofilaria immitis	p. 351
Angiostrongylus vasorum	p. 368
References	p. 369
Systemic hypertension	p. 372
Overview	p. 372
Clinical features	p. 374
References	p. 381
Index	p. 385
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