Care of the Young Athlete

by Sullivan, J. Andy, M.D.; Anderson, Steven J.

• ISBN13: 9781581100501
• ISBN10: 1581100507
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-04-01
• Publisher: Amer Academy of Pediatrics

Table of Contents

Section 1 General Health and Fitness
Gregory, L. Landry
Benefits of Sports Participation	1	(8)
Gregory L. Landry
Definitions	1	(1)
Psychosocial Benefits	2	(4)
Physical Benefits	6	(1)
Health-Related Benefits	7	(2)
Risks of Injury During Sports Participation	9	(10)
Stephen G. Rice
Definitions	10	(1)
Results of Injury Surveillance Studies	10	(1)
Results of NATA and AHCS Studies	11	(6)
Recreational Activities Studies	17	(1)
Clinical Applications and Examples	17	(2)
Readiness to Participate in Sports	19	(6)
Sally S. Harris
The Role of Physical and Cognitive Growth	19	(1)
Motor Development	20	(1)
Predicting Sports Readiness	21	(4)
Growth and Maturation	25	(8)
Jorge E. Gomez
Infancy (Birth to 2 years)	25	(1)
Early Childhood (2 to 5 years)	26	(2)
Middle to Late Childhood (6 to 12 years)	28	(1)
Early Adolescence (13 to 15 years)	29	(2)
Late Adolescence (16 to 20 years)	31	(2)
Promoting Physical Activity	33	(10)
Barbara J. Long
Defining Physical Activity	33	(1)
Epidemiology of Physical Activity	34	(1)
Physician Behavior	34	(2)
Basic Recommendations for Promoting Activity	36	(1)
The Challenges of Providing Activity Counseling	36	(4)
Community and Schools	40	(3)
The Preparticipation Physical Evaluation	43	(14)
James R. Barrett
Geoffrey S. Kuhlman
Carl L. Stanitski
Eric Small
Goals of the PPE	43	(1)
Methods of Conducting the PPE	44	(1)
Timing	45	(1)
History	45	(1)
Physical Examination	45	(5)
Laboratory Studies	50	(1)
Sports Classification	50	(1)
Clearance to Play	51	(6)
Effects of Training on a Child's Body	57	(8)
Thomas W. Rowland
The Young Athlete's Response to Training	58	(3)
Training Effects on Specific Body Systems	61	(4)
Section 2 Training Issues
Oded Bar-Or
Thermoregulation	65	(16)
John F. Coyle
Basics of Thermoregulation	65	(2)
Measuring Environmental Heat Stress	67	(1)
Special Heat Illness Concerns	68	(1)
Heat-Related Illnesses	69	(3)
Prevention of Heat Injury	72	(5)
Special Cold Illness Concerns	77	(2)
Cold-Related Illnesses	79	(1)
Prevention of Cold Injury	80	(1)
Nutrition and Weight Control	81	(14)
Suzanne Nelson Steen
David T. Bernhardt
Physical Growth	81	(1)
Assessment of Body Composition	82	(1)
Calorie Requirements	83	(2)
Macronutrient Requirements	85	(4)
Eating Before Exercise	89	(1)
Macronutrients	89	(1)
Special Fluid Needs of Children	90	(1)
Weight Control Practices	91	(4)
Performance Enhancing Substances	95	(10)
Bernard A. Griesemer
Ergogenic Drugs	95	(7)
Drug Testing	102	(3)
Psychological Issues	105	(10)
Daniel Gould
Russel Medbery
Components of a Youth Sport Program	106	(1)
The Role of Parents in a Child's Sport Experience	107	(1)
Parent as Coach	108	(1)
Stress and Sports	108	(1)
Children and Burnout	108	(2)
Encouraging Children to Participate in Sports	110	(1)
Quitting Sports	111	(1)
Developing Self-Esteem in Sports	111	(1)
When a Child Fails in Sports	112	(1)
Learning the Right Values Through Sports	112	(3)
Section 3 Basic Management Concepts
William A. Herndon
Playability Issues	115	(6)
William A. Herndon
Frederick E. Reed, Jr
Responsibility for Return to Play Decisions	115	(1)
Essential Elements of Return to Play Decisions	116	(1)
General Playability Issues	116	(5)
Injury Prevention	121	(10)
William R. Barfield
Richard H. Gross
Factors Contributing to Injury	122	(1)
Strategies for Prevention of Injury	123	(8)
Medical Management on the Sidelines	131	(6)
Larry G. McLain
General Attributes	131	(1)
Benefits	131	(1)
Risks	132	(1)
Duties and Responsibilities	133	(1)
Sideline Organization	133	(4)
Female Athletes	137	(12)
Letha Yurko-Griffin
Sally S. Harris
Psychological Concerns	137	(1)
Impact of Gender Differences	138	(1)
Medical Concerns	139	(7)
Common Musculoskeletal Injuries	146	(1)
Conditioning and Rehabilitation	147	(2)
Physically Challenged Athletes	149	(14)
Frank M. Chang
Guidelines Based on Specific Ability/Disability	149	(14)
Section 4 Medical Conditions
Steven J. Anderson
Gregory, L. Landry
Cardiac conditions	163	(8)
Reginald L. Washington
Murmurs	163	(2)
Dysrhythmias	165	(1)
Near Syncope and Syncope	166	(1)
Chest Pain	167	(1)
Systemic Hypertension	167	(1)
Acquired Heart Disease	168	(1)
Congential Heart Disease	168	(1)
Sudden Cardiac Death	168	(1)
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy	169	(2)
Head Injuries	171	(8)
Bryan W. Smith
Differential Diagnosis/Pathophysiology	171	(2)
Clinical Evaluation and Management	173	(3)
Treatment	176	(1)
Return to Play	176	(3)
Eye Injuries	179	(8)
John B. Jeffers
Preparticipation Physical Evaluation	179	(1)
Common Sports-Related Eye Injuries	180	(2)
Clinical Evaluation	182	(1)
Treatment	183	(2)
Return to Play Guidelines	185	(1)
Functionally One-Eyed Athletes	185	(2)
Maxillofacial Injuries	187	(10)
Steven M. Sullivan
Common Dental Injuries	187	(3)
Prevention of Dental Injuries	190	(1)
Mandibular Fractures	191	(1)
Midfacial Fractures	192	(3)
Maxillofacial Lacerations	195	(2)
Chest and Abdominal Injuries	197	(8)
P. Cameron Mantor
David Tuggle
Anatomy/Biomechanics	197	(1)
Clinical Evaluation	198	(1)
Treatment	198	(1)
Intrathoracic Injuries	199	(2)
Return to Play	201	(1)
Abdominal Injuries	201	(4)
Exercise, Asthma, and Anaphylaxis	205	(8)
David M. Orenstein
Gregory, L. Landry
Pathophysiology of Exercise-Induced Asthma	205	(2)
Differential Diagnosis	207	(1)
Treatment and Prevention	208	(2)
Pathophysiology of Exercised-Induced Anaphylaxis	210	(1)
Clinical Evaluation	210	(1)
Treatment and Prevention	211	(1)
Venom Allergies	211	(2)
Acute Illnesses	213	(6)
Paul R. Stricker
Exercise, Immunity, and Infection	213	(2)
Upper Respiratory Infections	215	(1)
Effects of Infections on Exercise Capacity	216	(1)
The Role of Antibiotics	216	(3)
Chronic Conditions	219	(8)
Helge Hebestreit
Oded Bar-Or
Isulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus	219	(3)
Cystic Fibrosis	222	(1)
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis	223	(1)
Epilepsy	223	(1)
Hemophilia	224	(1)
Cancer	225	(2)
Blood-borne Pathogens	227	(6)
William L. Risser
Risk of Transmission and Sports Participation by Infected Athletes	227	(2)
Prevention of Infection	229	(1)
Effects of Infection of Performance	230	(3)
Skin Conditions	233	(10)
Rodney S.W. Basler
Injuries	233	(5)
Infections	238	(5)
Section 5 Musculoskeletal Conditions
J. Andy Sullivan
Introduction to the Musculoskeletal System	243	(16)
J. Andy Sullivan
Anatomy	243	(2)
Musculoskeletal Injuries	245	(3)
Deformity, Deforming Forces, and Motion	248	(3)
Evaluating and Caring for Musculoskeletal Injuries	251	(2)
Fractures and Healing	253	(3)
Glossary of Common Orthopaedic Terms	256	(3)
Diagnostic Imaging	259	(8)
Weyton Tam
Guidelines for Ordering Imaging Studies	259	(1)
Common Imaging Techniques	260	(2)
Computed Tomography	262	(1)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging	263	(1)
Bone Scintigraphy	264	(1)
Arthrography	264	(1)
Angiography	265	(1)
Evaluation of Soft-Tissue Masses	265	(2)
Principles of Rehabilitation	267	(14)
Steven J. Anderson
Rehabilitation Planning	267	(1)
Therapeutic Modalities	268	(8)
Phses of a Rehabilitation Program	276	(3)
Informed Consent	279	(2)
Stress Fractures	281	(6)
David A. Yngve
Anatomy/Biomechanics	281	(2)
Clinical Evaluation	283	(2)
Treatment	285	(1)
Prevention	285	(1)
Return to Play Guidelines	286	(1)
Spine	287	(22)
Brock E. Schnebel
Anatomy/Biomechanics	287	(4)
Clinical Evaluation	291	(1)
Differential Diagnosis	292	(14)
Return to Play Decisions	306	(2)
Red Flags	308	(1)
Elbow and Forearm	309	(14)
Mervyn Letts
Neil E. Green
John A. Fox
Anatomy/Biomechanics	310	(1)
Clinical Evaluation	311	(2)
Acute Injuries	313	(4)
Chronic Injuries	317	(3)
Treatment	320	(1)
Red Flags	320	(3)
Shoulder	323	(26)
Charles B. Pasque
Donald W. McGinnis
Letha Yurko-Griffin
Anatomy/Biomechanics	323	(4)
Clinical Evaluation	327	(9)
Treatment---General Guidelines	336	(1)
Differential Diagnosis	337	(8)
Equipment	345	(1)
Prevention	345	(1)
Return to Play Guidelines	346	(1)
Red Flags	347	(2)
Hand and Wrist	349	(16)
Carlos A. Garcia-Moral
Neil E. Green
John A. Fox
Anatomy/Biomechanics	350	(2)
Clinical Evaluation	352	(11)
Return to Play	363	(1)
Red Flags	363	(2)
Hip, Pelvis and Thigh	365	(12)
James H. Beaty
Anatomy/Biomechanics	365	(2)
Clinical Evaluation	367	(1)
Acute Injuries	368	(4)
Chronic Injuries	372	(2)
Acquired Conditions	374	(3)
Knee	377	(28)
Charles B. Pasque
Donald W. McGinnis
Anatomy/Biomechanics	377	(4)
Clinical Evaluation	381	(8)
Differential Diagnosis	389	(13)
Prevention	402	(1)
Return to Play Guidelines	403	(1)
Red Flags	403	(2)
Lower Leg	405	(8)
Curtis R. Gruel
Anatomy/Biomechanics	405	(1)
Clinical Evaluation	405	(3)
Acute Injuries	408	(2)
Chronic Conditions	410	(1)
Treatment	411	(1)
Prevention	411	(1)
Return to Play Guidelines	411	(1)
Red Flags	412	(1)
Ankle	413	(12)
Steven J. Anderson
J. Andy Sullivan
Anatomy/Biomechanics	413	(2)
Clinical Evaluation	415	(2)
Ankle Injuries	417	(6)
Prevention	423	(1)
Return to Play Guidelines	423	(1)
Red Flags	423	(2)
Foot	425	(14)
J. Andy Sullivan
Anatomy/Biomechanics	425	(1)
Clinical Evaluation	425	(2)
Acute Injuries	427	(2)
Chronic Conditions	429	(8)
Return to Play Guidelines	437	(2)
Appendices: Policy Statements	439	(81)
Index	520