Cases and Materials on Environmental Law

by Findley, Roger W.; Farber, Daniel A.; Freeman, Jody L.

• ISBN13: 9780314258397
• ISBN10: 0314258396
• Edition: 6th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2003-07-01
• Publisher: West Group

Summary

Provides augmented coverage of RCRA, the Endangered Species Act, and the increasingly important issues of environmental enforcement. Streamlined coverage of the basic pollution statutes to eliminate extraneous and distracting details. Remains comprehensive in coverage but tightly focused in format.

Table of Contents

Preface	iii
Table of Acronyms	v
Table of Cases	xxvii
Perspectives on Environmental Law	1	(16)
Environmental Protection: An Overview	1	(16)
Major Themes	1	(3)
Environmental Regulation: Four Scenarios	4	(6)
The History of Environmental Law	10	(1)
``The Greening of America and the Graying of United States Environmental Law: Reflections on Environmental Law's First Three Decades in the United States``	10	(5)
Richard J. Lazarus
Notes	15	(1)
Note on the Impact of U.S. Environmental Regulation	16	(1)
The Ecological Perspective	17	(62)
A Sand County Almanac	17	(4)
Aldo Leopold
Notes	21	(1)
Wildlands: Their Protection and Management in Economic Development	22	(5)
George Ledec
Robert Goodland
Notes	27	(1)
Thinking of Environmental Law as a Complex Adaptive System: How to Clean Up the Environment by Making a Mess of Environmental Law	28	(1)
J. B. Ruhl
Notes	29	(1)
Environmental Unknowns	30	(3)
Norman Myers
Notes	33	(1)
The Environment as Commons	33	(16)
The Tragedy of the Commons	33	(2)
Garrett Hardin
Notes	35	(1)
Note on the Prisoners' Dilemma	36	(2)
``Replaying the Tragedy of the Commons''	38	(3)
Fred P. Bosselman
Note on International Environmental Norms	41	(1)
Worldwatch Institute, State of the World 1997	42	(3)
``The U.S. Performance in Achieving its 1992 Earth Summit Global Warming Commitments``	45	(4)
Donald A. Brown
Notes	49	(1)
Economic Analysis and the Environment	49	(13)
The Economic Perspective	50	(1)
An Introduction to Environmental Thought: Some Sources and Some Criticisms	50	(2)
Charles J. Meyers
Note	52	(1)
Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution, First Report	53	(2)
Note on Economic Analysis	55	(2)
Note on Cost-Benefit Analysis	57	(5)
Economic Analysis and the Environment---Continued
Economic Approaches to Regulation	62	(1)
Environmental Improvement Through Economic Incentives	63	(2)
Anderson
Note	65	(1)
Setting National Priorities: The 1973 Budget	66	(1)
Charles L. Schultze
Notes	67	(2)
New Directions in Environmental Protection	69	(10)
``The Contracting State''	69	(4)
Jody Freeman
``Third Way Environmentalism''	73	(5)
Christopher H. Schroeder
Notes	78	(1)
The Judicial Role	79	(136)
Administrative Law	79	(5)
Access to the Courts	84	(37)
Standing	84	(1)
Injury in fact	84	(1)
Sierra Club v. Morton	84	(5)
Notes	89	(1)
United States v. Students Challenging Regulatory Agency Procedures (SCRAP I)	90	(2)
Notes	92	(1)
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife	92	(9)
Notes	101	(5)
Friends of the Earth, Inc. v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (TOC), Inc.	106	(8)
Notes	114	(1)
Zone of Interests	115	(1)
Bennett v. Spear	116	(4)
Notes	120	(1)
Legal Bases for Challenging Agency Action	121	(22)
Whitman v. American Trucking Associations, Inc.	121	(2)
Notes	123	(3)
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe	126	(3)
Notes	129	(2)
Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.	131	(4)
Notes	135	(3)
Chevron, U.S.A., Inc. v. NRDC	138	(4)
Notes	142	(1)
The National Environmental Policy Act	143	(72)
Threshold Requirements	149	(1)
Hanly v. Mitchell [Hanly I]	149	(2)
Notes	151	(1)
Metropolitan Edison Co. v. People Against Nuclear Energy	152	(3)
Notes	155	(2)
Hanly v. Kleindienst [Hanly II]	157	(3)
Notes	160	(2)
Public Citizen v. Department of Transportation	162	(8)
Notes	170	(1)
Note on the ``Federal Action'' Requirement	171	(1)
Scope and Timing of the Impact Statement	172	(1)
Kleppe v. Sierra Club	173	(6)
Notes	179	(1)
Note on Proposal Definition, Scope, and Timing	179	(2)
Weinberger v. Catholic Action of Hawaii	181	(2)
Notes	183	(1)
Marsh v. Oregon Natural Resources Council	184	(6)
Notes	190	(1)
Content of the Impact Statement	191	(1)
Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. v. Morton	191	(4)
Notes	195	(1)
Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.	196	(2)
Notes	198	(1)
Carolina Environmental Study Group v. United States	199	(2)
Notes	201	(1)
Baltimore Gas & Electric Co. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.	202	(4)
Notes	206	(1)
Robertson v. Methow Valley Citizens Council	207	(4)
Notes	211	(1)
Note: Appraising NEPA After Thirty Years and Future Trends	212	(3)
Environmental Federalism	215	(57)
Uniformity Versus Diversity in Environmental Regulation	215	(8)
The Race to the Bottom and Federal Environmental Regulation: A Response to Critics	216	(3)
Richard L. Revesz
Notes	219	(1)
Environmental Quality as a National Good in a Federal State	220	(3)
Richard B. Stewart
Notes	223	(1)
The Scope of Federal Power	223	(19)
Missouri v. Holland	224	(2)
Notes	226	(1)
Hodel v. Indiana	226	(2)
Notes	228	(1)
Note on the Revival of Limits on the Commerce Clause	228	(3)
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County [SWANCC] v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers	231	(4)
Notes	235	(1)
Note on the Tenth Amendment and Environmental Law	236	(1)
New York v. United States	237	(3)
Notes	240	(2)
Commerce Clause Restrictions on State Power	242	(17)
Minnesota v. Clover Leaf Creamery Co.	243	(1)
Notes	244	(1)
Hughes v. Alexandria Scrap Corp.	245	(2)
Notes	247	(1)
City of Philadelphia v. New Jersey	247	(3)
Notes	250	(1)
C & A Carbone, Inc. v. Town of Clarkstown, N. Y.	251	(5)
Notes	256	(1)
Note on Federal Preemption	257	(2)
Environmental Regulation and International Trade	259	(8)
Note on GATT and Domestic Regulations	260	(4)
The Environment vs. Trade Rules: Defogging the Debate	264	(2)
Steve Charnovitz
Notes	266	(1)
Environmental Regulation and International Trade---Continued Robert Howse, The Appellate Body Rulings in the Shrimp/Turtle Case: A New Legal Baseline for the Trade and Environment Debate	267	(5)
Notes	270	(2)
Air Pollution	272	(114)
Introduction	272	(1)
The Common Law	273	(12)
Private Nuisance	273	(1)
Boomer v. Atlantic Cement Company	273	(4)
Notes	277	(1)
``The Problem of Social Cost''	278	(3)
Ronald Coase
Notes	281	(1)
Public Nuisance	282	(1)
Spur Industries, Inc. v. Del E. Webb Development Co.	283	(2)
Notes	285	(1)
Government Regulation of Air Quality	285	(101)
The Clean Air Act	287	(1)
History of Clean Air Legislation	288	(2)
Helpful Distinctions Regarding the Clean Air Act	290	(1)
Harm-Based vs. Technology-Based Regulation	290	(1)
Stationary vs. Mobile Sources	291	(1)
New vs. Existing Sources	292	(1)
Attainment vs. Nonattainment Areas	292	(1)
Major vs. Non-Major Sources	293	(1)
Overview of the Clean Air Act	294	(3)
Air Quality Standards	297	(1)
Criteria Pollutants	298	(2)
Listing Pollutants	300	(1)
Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. v. Train	300	(3)
Notes	303	(1)
Setting Air Standards	304	(1)
Lead Industries, Inc. v. EPA	304	(11)
Notes	315	(1)
The Role of Cost in Standard Setting	316	(1)
Whitman v. American Trucking Associations, Inc.	316	(6)
Notes	322	(1)
State Implementation Plans	322	(2)
Union Electric Co. v. EPA	324	(3)
Notes	327	(1)
Train v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.	327	(3)
Notes	330	(1)
Citizens Against the Refinery's Effects, Inc. v. EPA	330	(4)
Notes	334	(1)
New Source Performance Standards	334	(1)
Hazardous Air Pollutants	335	(2)
National Mining Association v. EPA	337	(3)
Notes	340	(1)
PSD Areas	340	(1)
The Nonattainment Problem	341	(1)
Delaney v. EPA	342	(2)
Notes	344	(3)
Whitman v. American Trucking Associations, Inc.	347	(2)
Notes	349	(1)
New Source Review	349	(2)
Title V Permits	351	(2)
Mobile Sources	353	(1)
History of Mobile Source Provisions	354	(1)
International Harvester Co. v. Ruckelshaus	354	(6)
Notes	360	(2)
California's Special Status in Emissions Regulation	362	(2)
Clean Fuels	364	(1)
Inspection and Maintenance Programs and Transportation Controls	365	(1)
Notes	366	(1)
Interstate Air Pollution	366	(1)
Overview	366	(2)
Interstate Ozone and NOx	368	(1)
Appalachian Power Company v. EPA	368	(7)
Note	375	(1)
Acid Rain	375	(4)
Notes	379	(3)
Market Mechanisms to Control Air Pollution	382	(1)
Intrastate Emissions Trading Programs	382	(1)
Banking, Bubbles, and Offsets	383	(1)
``Marketable Permits: Lessons for Theory and Practice''	383	(2)
Robert W. Hahn
Gordon L. Hester
Note	385	(1)
Water Pollution	386	(119)
Background	386	(12)
Historical Context	386	(2)
The 1972 Amendments to the Federal Water Pollution Control Act	388	(1)
Comparing the CWA and the CAA	389	(1)
Results	390	(1)
Water Pollution Control: 25 Years of Progress and Challenges for the New Millennium	390	(2)
The Quality of Our Nation's Waters A Summary of the National Water Quality Inventory: 1998 Report to Congress	392	(4)
Pollutants	396	(2)
The Clean Water Act and the Common Law	398	(8)
Milwaukee v. Illinois [Milwaukee II]	398	(4)
Notes	402	(1)
International Paper Company v. Ouellette	403	(2)
Notes	405	(1)
Modern Regulation of Water Pollution	406	(9)
Federal Statutes Governing Water Pollution	406	(1)
Overview of the Clean Water Act	406	(2)
Effluent Standards Under the CWA: Dischargers, Distinctions and Deadlines	408	(7)
Modern Regulation of Water Pollution---Continued
Exceptions to the Rule of Technology--Based Standards Under CWA: Water Quality Standards and Nonpoint Source Provisions	415	(1)
Federal Authority to Regulate Water Pollution	416	(1)
Waters of the United States	416	(1)
Point Sources	417	(1)
Conventional and Non-conventional (non-toxic) Pollutants	418	(1)
NRDC v. Costle	418	(4)
Notes	422	(1)
Sierra Club v. Abston Construction Company	423	(4)
Notes	427	(1)
Concerned Area Residents for the Environment v. Southview Farm	427	(6)
Notes	433	(1)
Litigation over the Setting of Technology-based Effluent Limits	434	(1)
du Pont v. Train	434	(5)
Notes	439	(1)
Chemical Manufacturer's Association v. EPA	440	(8)
Notes	448	(1)
Toxics	449	(2)
New Source Performance Standards	451	(1)
Chemical Manufacturer's Association v. EPA	451	(3)
Notes	454	(1)
Publicly Owned Treatment Works	454	(1)
Water Quality Standards (WQS)	455	(3)
PUD No. 1 of Jefferson County v. Washington Department of Ecology	458	(5)
Notes	463	(1)
Water Quality Standards and Interstate Pollution	464	(1)
Arkansas v. Oklahoma	464	(3)
Notes	467	(1)
Nonpoint Source Pollution	467	(38)
Area Planning	467	(3)
Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs)	470	(1)
Point sources	470	(1)
Dioxin/Organochlorine Center v. EPA	471	(7)
Nonpoint sources	478	(1)
Pronsolino v. Nastri	479	(7)
``The Clean Water Act TMDL Program V: Aftershock and Prelude''	486	(10)
Oliver A. Houck
Notes	496	(1)
The Future	497	(1)
Clean Water Action Plan: Restoring and Protecting America's Waters	497	(2)
Notes on Alternative and Supplementary Approaches to Air and Water Regulation	499	(6)
Risk Management and Scientific Uncertainty	505	(76)
The Concept of Risk	505	(12)
Legislating Acceptable Cancer Risk From Exposure to Toxic Chemicals	505	(1)
Alon Rosenthal
Notes	506	(1)
Risk, Courts, and Agencies	507	(6)
Clayton P. Gillette
James E. Krier
Notes	513	(1)
Which Risks First?	514	(2)
Cass R. Sunstein
Notes	516	(1)
Risk Assessment	517	(16)
Note: How EPA Assesses Risks	517	(2)
Chlorine Chemistry Council v. EPA	519	(4)
Notes	523	(1)
``Peer Review and Regulatory Reform''	524	(3)
Lars Noah
``Congress, Science, and Environmental Policy''	527	(2)
Wendy E. Wagner
Notes	529	(1)
``Genetic Susceptibility and Environmental Risk Assessment: An Emerging Link''	529	(3)
A. Dan Tarlock
Notes	532	(1)
Risk Management and Cost-Benefit Analysis	533	(10)
``Responsible Regulation: A Sensible Cost-Benefit, Risk Versus Risk Approach to Federal Health and Safety Regulation''	533	(4)
Steve P. Calandrillo
Notes	537	(1)
Pricing the Priceless: Cost-Benefit Analysis of Environmental Protection	537	(5)
Frank Ackerman
Lisa Heinzerling
Notes	542	(1)
Judicial Views Concerning Management of Uncertain Risks	543	(26)
Reserve Mining Co. v. Environmental Protection Agency	543	(6)
Notes	549	(3)
Industrial Union Department, AFL-CIO v. American Petroleum Institute	552	(11)
Notes	563	(2)
American Textile Manufacturers Institute, Inc. v. Donovan	565	(3)
Notes	568	(1)
The Distribution of Risk	569	(12)
Pursuing `Environmental Justice': The Distributional Effects of Environmental Protection	570	(3)
Richard J. Lazarus
Overcoming Environmental Discrimination: The Need for a Disparate Impact Test and Improved Notice Requirements in Facility Siting Decisions	573	(3)
Omar Saleem
Notes	576	(2)
Note on Legal Implementation of Environmental Equity	578	(3)
Regulation of Toxic Substances, Genetically Modified Organisms, and Hazardous Wastes	581	(107)
Regulating the Sale of Toxic Substances	581	(36)
Pesticide Control	581	(2)
Environmental Defense Fund, Inc. v. Environmental Protection Agency [Aldrin and Dieldrin]	583	(6)
Notes	589	(1)
Environmental Defense Fund, Inc. v. Environmental Protection Agency [Heptachlor and Chlordane]	590	(3)
Notes	593	(3)
Les v. Reilly	596	(2)
Notes	598	(1)
Lessons From Federal Pesticide Regulation on the Paradigms and Politics of Environmental Law Reform	599	(4)
Donald Hornstein
Notes	603	(1)
The Toxic Substances Control Act	604	(2)
Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. v. Environmental Protection Agency	606	(2)
Notes	608	(1)
Corrosion Proof Fittings v. Environmental Protection Agency	609	(6)
Notes	615	(2)
Regulating the Environmental Effects of Biotechnology	617	(11)
Out of the Lab and Into the Field: Harmonization of Deliberate Release Regulations for Genetically Modified Organisms	617	(3)
Judy Kim
Note	620	(1)
National Research Council, Committee on Environmental Impacts Associated With Commercialization of Transgenic Plants, ``Environmental Effects of Transgenic Plants: The Scope and Adequacy of Regulation''	621	(5)
Notes	626	(2)
Regulating the Treatment, Storage and Disposal of Hazardous Wastes	628	(46)
The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act	630	(3)
``Solid'' and ``Hazardous'' Waste Defined	633	(1)
American Mining Congress v. Environmental Protection Agency	633	(5)
Notes	638	(3)
Chemical Waste Management, Inc. v. Environmental Protection Agency	641	(4)
Notes	645	(1)
Edison Electric Institute v. Environmental Protection Agency	645	(4)
Notes	649	(2)
The Land Disposal Ban	651	(1)
Edison Electric Institute v. Environmental Protection Agency	652	(2)
Notes	654	(1)
Chemical Waste Management, Inc. v. Environmental Protection Agency	655	(5)
Notes	660	(1)
Stoll, Coping With the RCRA Hazardous Waste System: A Few Practical Points for Fun and Profit	661	(5)
Waste Minimization and Pollution Prevention	666	(4)
State and Local Siting of Hazardous Waste Facilities	670	(1)
Mata, Hazardous Waste Facilities and Environmental Equity: A Proposed Siting Model	670	(3)
Note	673	(1)
Mandatory Disclosure of Information Concerning Chemical Hazards and Related Liabilities	674	(14)
Blomquist, The Logic and Limits of Public Information Mandates Under Federal Hazardous Waste Law: A Policy Analysis	674	(3)
Notes	677	(2)
Information as a Policy Instrument in Protecting the Environment: What Have We Learned?	679	(4)
Mark Cohen
After Enron: How Accounting and SEC Reform Can Promote Corporate Accountability While Restoring Public Confidence	683	(4)
Michelle Chan-Fishel
Note	687	(1)
Environmental Liability and Enforcement	688	(183)
Citizen Suits	688	(15)
The 1990 Amendments and Section 304: The Specter of Increased Citizen Suit Enforcement	689	(7)
Scott M. DuBoff
Notes	696	(6)
Note on Attorneys' Fees	702	(1)
Injunctions	703	(20)
TVA v. Hill	703	(6)
Notes	709	(1)
Weinberger v. Romero--Barcelo	709	(5)
Notes	714	(1)
United States v. Wheeling--Pittsburgh Steel Corp.	715	(3)
Notes	718	(1)
Adams v. Vance	719	(3)
Notes	722	(1)
Civil Liability Under RCRA and CERCLA	723	(78)
Liability Under the ``Imminent Hazard'' Provisions of RCRA	723	(1)
United States v. Waste Industries, Inc.	724	(4)
Notes	728	(1)
United States v. Northeastern Pharmaceutical & Chemical Co., Inc. [NEPACCO]	729	(3)
Notes	732	(1)
``RCRA Imminent Hazard Authority: A Powerful Tool for Businesses, Governments, and Citizen Enforcers''	733	(3)
Adam Babich
Note	736	(1)
Liability Under CERCLA	736	(1)
U.S. Council on Environmental Quality, Environmental Quality 1981: 12th Annual Report	736	(1)
Note on CERCLA Implementation	737	(3)
Basis and Scope of Liability	740	(1)
United States v. Monsanto Co.	740	(8)
Note on Joint and Several Liability and on Allocation of Costs Among Responsible Parties	748	(9)
Note on Alternatives to EPA Suit Under Section 107	757	(2)
Discussion Problem #1 on CERCLA Liability	759	(1)
Responsible Parties	760	(1)
United States v. Northeastern Pharmaceutical & Chemical Co., Inc. [NEPACCO]	760	(3)
Notes on the Identification of Responsible Parties	763	(15)
Discussion Problem #2 on CERCLA Liability	778	(1)
Remedy Selection	779	(1)
``Selecting Remedies at Superfund Sites: How Should `Clean' be Determined?''	779	(3)
Casey Scott Padgett
Notes	782	(4)
Settlements	786	(1)
United States v. Cannons Engineering Corp.	787	(6)
Notes	793	(3)
Governmental Recovery of Damages for Injury to Natural Resources	796	(5)
The Role of Federal Bankruptcy Law	801	(8)
``Hazardous Waste and Bankruptcy: Confronting the Unasked Questions''	802	(6)
David H. Topol
Note	808	(1)
Criminal Liability Under Federal Environmental Laws	809	(29)
``Assimilating Environmental Protection Into Legal Rules and the Problem With Environmental Crime''	809	(3)
Richard J. Lazarus
Notes	812	(1)
Note on Penalties and Prosecutions	813	(4)
Note on Environmental Audit Privileges	817	(1)
Note on the Public Welfare Offense Doctrine	818	(1)
United States v. Laughlin	819	(3)
Notes	822	(2)
United States v. Sinskey	824	(5)
Note	829	(1)
United States v. Hanousek	829	(4)
Notes	833	(1)
United States v. Ming Hong	833	(3)
Notes	836	(1)
Discussion Problem on Criminal Liability	837	(1)
Common Law Remedies	838	(33)
Injunctions	838	(1)
Village of Wilsonville v. SCA Services, Inc.	838	(3)
Notes	841	(1)
Damages	842	(1)
``Remedies for Injuries Caused by Hazardous Waste: The Report and Recommendations of the Superfund 301(e) Study Group''	842	(3)
Frank P. Grad
Notes	845	(1)
State v. Ventron Corp.	846	(3)
Notes	849	(1)
``Toxic Causation''	850	(6)
Daniel A. Farber
Note	856	(2)
Ayers v. Township of Jackson	858	(11)
Notes	869	(2)
Preservation of Natural Areas	871	(116)
Perspectives on Ecology, Economics, and Property	872	(13)
Thinking of Environmental Law as a Complex Adaptive System: How to Clean Up the Environment by Making a Mess of Environmental Law	872	(3)
J.B. Ruhl
Note	875	(1)
Valuing Ecosystem Services	876	(3)
James E. Salzman
Notes	879	(2)
Green Property	881	(3)
J. Peter Byrne
Notes	884	(1)
Private Property	885	(33)
The Taking Problem	885	(1)
Note on the Development of Takings Doctrine	885	(4)
Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council	889	(6)
Notes	895	(2)
Palazzolo v. Rhode Island	897	(4)
Notes	901	(1)
Tahoe-Sierra Preservation Council, Inc. v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency	901	(4)
Notes	905	(1)
Development Restrictions on Private Wetlands	906	(3)
United States v. Riverside Bayview Homes, Inc.	909	(3)
Notes	912	(1)
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County v. United States Army Corps of Engineers	912	(1)
Notes	912	(1)
Note on Takings Claims and Wetlands Protection	913	(5)
Integrating Ecosystem Services Into Environmental Law: A Case Study of Wetlands Mitigation Banking	915	(3)
J.B. Ruhl
R. Juge Gregg
Notes	918	(1)
Quasi--Public Property	918	(29)
Public Trust and Related Doctrines	918	(1)
Illinois Central Railroad Co. v. Illinois	919	(1)
Notes	920	(2)
Boone v. Kingsbury	922	(2)
Marks v. Whitney	924	(2)
Notes	926	(2)
State ex rel. Thornton v. Hay	928	(2)
Notes	930	(1)
Note on the Navigational Servitude	931	(2)
Protecting Coastal Waters	933	(4)
Problem on Property Rights Under OCSLA	937	(1)
Note on Statutory Liability for Oil Spills	938	(3)
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico v. SS Zoe Colocotroni	941	(5)
Notes	946	(1)
Note on Natural Resources Damages	946	(1)
Public Property	947	(40)
The Property Clause	948	(1)
Kleppe v. New Mexico	948	(2)
Notes	950	(1)
Minnesota v. Block	951	(2)
Notes	953	(1)
Introduction to Public Land Laws	953	(1)
The Transformation on Public Lands	954	(3)
Jan Laitos
Thomas Carr
Notes	957	(1)
Note on Withdrawals	958	(3)
Protection of Public Lands From Conflicting Private Uses	961	(1)
Cappaert v. United States	961	(2)
Note	963	(1)
United States v. New Mexico	964	(2)
Notes	966	(1)
Endangered Species	967	(1)
TVA v. Hill	968	(1)
Notes	968	(1)
Environmental Law at the Turn of the Century: A Reportorial Fragment of Contemporary History	969	(3)
Joseph Sax
Notes	972	(1)
Babbitt v. Sweet Home Chapter of Communities for a Great Oregon	973	(6)
Notes	979	(2)
The Potential and Pitfalls of Habitat Conservation Planning Under the Endangered Species Act	981	(4)
Shi-Ling Hsu
Notes	985	(2)
Index	987