CCNA INTRO Exam Certification Guide (CCNA Self-Study, 640-821, 640-801)

by Odom, Wendell

• ISBN13: 9781587200946
• ISBN10: 1587200945
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover w/Disk
• Copyright: 2004-01-01
• Publisher: Cisco Press

Summary

The official self-study test preparation guide for the Cisco CCNA INTRO exam 640-821 Master CCNA INTRO exam topics, including: TCP/IP and OSI networking models Operating Cisco routers and LAN switches LAN switching basics, VLANs, and Trunking IP addressing and subnetting Basic router configuration and operation Discovering information about an IP network Dynamic routing protocols Analog modems, PAP/CHAP, DSL and Cable CCNA INTRO Exam Certification Guideis a best-of-breed Ciscoreg; exam study guide that has been completely updated to focus specifically on the objectives for the CCNA INTRO exam. Senior instructor and best-selling author Wendell Odom shares preparation hints and test-taking tips to help you identify areas of weakness and improve both your conceptual and hands-on knowledge. This new edition is organized in a modular fashion, segmenting larger chapters into smaller, more easily digestible components. Material is presented in a concise manner, focusing on increasing your understanding and retention of exam topics. CCNA INTRO Exam Certification Guidepresents you with an organized test preparation routine through the use of proven series elements and techniques. "Do I Know This Already?" quizzes open each chapter and allow you to decide how much time you need to spend on each section. Chapter subject lists and Foundation Summary tables make referencing easy and give you a quick refresher whenever you need it. Challenging chapter-ending review questions help you assess your knowledge and reinforce key concepts. Scenario-based exercises help you think about exam objectives in real-world situations, thus increasing recall during exam time. The companion CD-ROM contains a powerful new testing engine that allows you to focus on individual topic areas or take complete, timed exams from INTRO or unified CCNA test banks. The assessment engine also tracks your performance and presents feedback on a module-by-module basis, providing question-by-question remediation to the text and laying out a complete study plan for review. The CD-ROM also includes a wealth of hands-on practice exercises and a copy of the Boson NetSimtrade; for CCNA INTRO, Learning Edition, network simulation software that allows you to practice your hands-on skills in a virtual lab environment that has been customized for the labs in the book. The supporting website keeps you fully informed of any exam changes. Well-regarded for its level of detail, assessment features, and challenging review questions and hands-on exercises, this book helps you master the concepts and techniques that will enable you to succeed on the exam the first time. CCNA INTRO Exam Certification Guideis part of a recommended study program from Cisco Systemsreg; that includes simulation and hands-on training from authorized Cisco Learning Partners and self-study products from Cisco Press. To find out more about instructor-led, e-learning, and hands-on instruction offered by authorized Cisco Learning Partners worldwide, please visit www.cisco.com/go/authorizedtraining. Companion CD-ROM The CD-ROM contains more than 400 practice questions for the ICND, INTRO, and CCNA exams, including simulation-based questions. Also contains hands-on exercises a

Table of Contents

Introduction	xvii
Part I Networking Fundamentals	3	(166)
Chapter 1 Introduction to Computer Networking Concepts	5	(10)
Perspectives on Networking	5	(10)
The Flintstones Network: The First Computer Network?	7	(8)
Chapter 2 The TCP/IP and OSI Networking Models	15	(28)
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz	16	(4)
Foundation Topics	20	(1)
The TCP/IP Protocol Architecture	21	(10)
The TCP/IP Application Layer	22	(2)
The TCP/IP Transport Layer	24	(2)
The TCP/IP Internetwork Layer	26	(1)
The TCP/IP Network Interface Layer	27	(2)
Data Encapsulation	29	(2)
OSI Reference Model	31	(7)
OSI Layers	31	(3)
OSI Layering Concepts and Benefits	34	(1)
OSI Terminology	35	(2)
OSI Summary	37	(1)
Foundation Summary	38	(3)
Q&A	41	(2)
Chapter 3 Data Link Layer Fundamentals: Ethernet LANs	43	(34)
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz	43	(4)
Foundation Topics	47	(1)
OSI Perspectives on Local-Area Networks	47	(16)
Typical LAN Features for OSI Layer 1	47	(3)
Typical LAN Features for OSI Layer 2	50	(2)
Data Link Function 1: Arbitration	50	(1)
Data Link Function 2: Addressing	51	(1)
Data Link Function 3: Error Detection	51	(1)
Data Link Function 4: Identifying the Encapsulated Data	52	(1)
Early Ethernet Standards	52	(11)
Standards Overview	53	(1)
The Original Ethernet Standards: 10BASE2 and 10BASE5	53	(1)
Repeaters	55	(1)
10BASE-T Ethernet	56	(1)
Ethernet 10BASE-T Cabling	57	(1)
10BASE-T Hubs	59	(1)
Performance Issues: Collisions and Duplex Settings	60	(1)
Reducing Collisions Through LAN Switching	60	(1)
Eliminating Collisions to Allow Full-Duplex Ethernet	62	(1)
Ethernet Data-Link Protocols	63	(5)
Ethernet Addressing	64	(1)
Ethernet Framing	65	(1)
Identifying the Data Inside an Ethernet Frame	66	(2)
Layer 2 Ethernet Summary	68	(1)
Recent Ethernet Standards	68	(2)
Fast Ethernet	68	(1)
Gigabit Ethernet	69	(1)
Foundation Summary	70	(4)
Q&A	74	(3)
Chapter 4 Fundamentals of WANs	77	(32)
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz	77	(4)
Foundation Topics	81	(1)
OSI Layer 1 for Point-to-Point WANs	81	(10)
WAN Connections from the Customer Viewpoint	84	(7)
WAN Cabling Standards	85	(3)
Clock Rates, DCE, and DTE	88	(1)
Link Speeds Offered by Telcos	89	(2)
OSI Layer 2 for Point-to-Point WANs	91	(4)
HDLG	91	(1)
Point-to-Point Protocol	92	(2)
Other Point-to-Point WAN Data-Link Protocols	94	(1)
Synchronization	94	(1)
Point-to-Point WAN Summary	95	(1)
Packet-Switching Services	95	(9)
Frame Relay	96	(4)
Frame Relay Basics	97	(3)
ATM and SONST	100	(2)
SONET	100	(1)
ATM	101	(1)
WAN Terminology Related to Packet Switching	102	(2)
Foundation Summary	104	(2)
Q&A	106	(3)
Chapter 5 Fundamentals of IP	109	(36)
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz	109	(5)
Foundation Topics	114	(1)
Typical Features of OSI Layer 3	114	(6)
Routing (Path Selection)	114	(2)
PCPs Logic: Sending Data to a Nearby Router	114	(1)
R1 and R2's Logic: Routing Data Across the Network	115	(1)
R3's Logic: Delivering Data to the End Destination	116	(1)
Network Layer Interaction with the Data Link Layer	116	(2)
Network Layer (Layer 3) Addressing	118	(1)
Example Layer 3 Address Structures	119	(1)
Routing Protocols	119	(1)
IP Addressing Fundamentals	120	(7)
IP Addressing Definitions	120	(1)
How IP Addresses Are Grouped Together	121	(1)
Classes of Networks	122	(5)
The Actual Class A, B, and C Network Numbers	124	(1)
IP Subnetting	124	(3)
Network Layer Utilities	127	(6)
Address Resolution Protocol and the Domain Name System	127	(3)
ICMP Echo and the ping Command	130	(1)
RARP, BOOTP, and DHCP	130	(3)
IP Routing and Routing Protocols	133	(5)
IP Routing Protocols	135	(3)
Foundation Summary	138	(4)
Q&A	142	(3)
Chapter 6 Fundamentals of TCP and UDP	145	(24)
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz	145	(4)
Foundation Topics	149	(1)
Typical Features of OSI Layer 4	149	(1)
The Transmission Control Protocol	150	(11)
Multiplexing Using TCP Port Numbers	151	(4)
Popular TCP/IP Applications	154	(1)
Error Recovery (Reliability)	155	(1)
Flow Control Using Windowing	156	(2)
Connection Establishment and Termination	158	(2)
Connectionless and Connection-Oriented Protocols	159	(1)
Data Segmentation and Ordered Data Transfer	160	(1)
TCP Function Summary	161	(1)
The User Datagram Protocol	161	(3)
Foundation Summary	164	(3)
Q&A	167	(2)
Part II Operating Cisco Devices	169	(58)
Chapter 7 Operating Cisco Routers	171	(38)
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz	171	(5)
Foundation Topics	176	(1)
The Cisco IOS Software Command-Line Interface	176	(5)
Access to the CLI	176	(3)
CLI Help Features	179	(2)
The debug and show Commands	181	(1)
Configuring Cisco IOS Software	181	(13)
Example Configuration Process	183	(4)
Router Memory, Processors, and Interfaces	187	(1)
Managing Configuration Files	188	(6)
Viewing the Configuration and Old-Style Configuration Commands	190	(1)
Initial Configuration (Setup Mode)	190	(4)
Upgrading Cisco IOS Software and the Cisco IOS Software Boot Process	194	(6)
Upgrading a Cisco IOS Software Image into Flash Memory	194	(3)
The Cisco IOS Software Boot Sequence	197	(3)
Foundation Summary	200	(4)
Q&A	204	(5)
Chapter 8 Operating Cisco LAN Switches	209	(18)
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz	209	(4)
Foundation Topics	213	(1)
Navigating Through a Cisco 2950 Switch	213	(3)
2950 Series Features and Functions	213	(2)
2950 Switch Operating System	214	(1)
Accessing the Cisco 2950 Switch CLI	215	(1)
Switch Initialization	216	(4)
Switch LEDs During POST	216	(2)
Initial Configuration Mode	218	(2)
Configuring 2950 IOS Software	220	(1)
Foundation Summary	221	(2)
Q&A	223	(4)
Part III LAN Switching	227	(84)
Chapter 9 Cisco LAN Switching Basics	229	(30)
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz	229	(5)
Foundation Topics	234	(1)
The Case for Bridging and Switching	234	(2)
Transparent Bridging	236	(4)
The Forward Versus Filter Decision	237	(2)
How Bridges Learn MAC Addresses	239	(1)
Forwarding Unknown Unicasts and Broadcasts	240	(1)
LAN Switching	240	(5)
Full-Duplex Ethernet	242	(1)
Internal Processing on Cisco Switches	242	(2)
Speed and Autonegotiation	244	(1)
Summary: Bridges and Switches	244	(1)
LAN Segmentation	245	(3)
The Need for Spanning Tree	248	(4)
How Spanning Tree Works	249	(3)
Foundation Summary	252	(3)
Q&A	255	(4)
Chapter 10 Virtual LANs and Trunking	259	(20)
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz	259	(4)
Foundation Topics	263	(1)
Virtual LAN Concepts	263	(2)
VLAN Basics	263	(1)
Creating VLANs	264	(1)
Trunking with ISL and 802.1q	265	(3)
Cisco ISL	266	(1)
IEEE 802.1q	266	(1)
ISL and 802.1q Compared	267	(1)
Passing Traffic Between VLANs	268	(6)
Layer 2 Switching	268	(1)
Layer 3 Forwarding Using a Router	268	(2)
Layer 3 Forwarding Using a Layer 3 Switch	270	(1)
Layer 4 Switching	271	(1)
Layer 5-7 Switching	272	(1)
Multilayer Switching	272	(2)
Foundation Summary	274	(2)
Q&A	276	(3)
Chapter 11 LAN Cabling, Standards, and Topologies	279	(32)
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz	279	(4)
Foundation Topics	283	(1)
Network Topologies	283	(4)
Cabling and Connectors	287	(10)
General Features of Metallic Cabling	287	(2)
Unshielded Twisted-Pair and Shielded Twisted-Pair Cabling and Connectors	289	(2)
UTP Standards	290	(1)
UTP Connectors	290	(1)
Coaxial Cabling	291	(2)
Fiber-Optic Cabling and Connectors for Ethernet	293	(4)
Optical Connectors for Ethernet	295	(2)
Summary: Ethernet Cabling	297	(1)
Ethernet Standards	297	(3)
Ethernet Framing	298	(1)
Ethernet Cabling Standards	298	(1)
10-Gigabit Ethernet	299	(1)
Wireless Communications	300	(3)
IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs	301	(2)
Foundation Summary	303	(5)
Q&A	308	(3)
Part IV TCP/IP	311	(116)
Chapter 12 IP Addressing and Subnetting	313	(50)
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz	313	(6)
Foundation Topics	319	(1)
IP Addressing Review	319	(4)
IP Subnetting	321	(2)
Analyzing and Interpreting IP Addresses and Subnets	323	(28)
Math Operations Used to Answer Subnetting Questions	324	(5)
Converting IP Addresses from Decimal to Binary, and Back Again	324	(2)
The Boolean AND Operation	326	(2)
Prefix Notation	328	(1)
How Many Hosts, and How Many Subnets?	329	(4)
What Is the Subnet Number, and What Are the IP Addresses in the Subnet?	333	(11)
Finding the Subnet Number	333	(2)
Finding the Subnet Broadcast Address	335	(1)
Finding the Range of Valid IP Addresses in a Subnet	336	(2)
Finding the Answers Without Using Binary	338	(6)
What Subnet Masks Meet the Stated Design Requirements?	344	(3)
What Are the Other Subnet Numbers?	347	(4)
Scaling the IP Address Space for the Internet	351	(5)
CIDR	351	(2)
Private Addressing	353	(1)
Network Address Translation	354	(1)
IP Version 6 Addressing	355	(1)
Foundation Summary	356	(2)
Q&A	358	(5)
Chapter 13 Basic Router Configuration and Operation	363	(40)
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz	363	(5)
Foundation Topics	368	(1)
Configuring IP Addresses	368	(13)
Basic Administrative Configuration	370	(2)
Configuring IP Addresses	372	(8)
Prefix Notation	375	(1)
Seeding the Routing Table with Connected IP Routes	375	(5)
Bandwidth, Clock Rate, and Serial Lines in the Lab	380	(1)
IP Troubleshooting Features	381	(16)
Internet Control Message Protocol	381	(6)
ICMP Echo Request and Echo Reply	382	(3)
Destination Unreachable ICMP Message	385	(2)
IP Naming Commands	387	(2)
Telnet and Suspend	389	(3)
Cisco Discovery Protocol	392	(5)
Foundation Summary	397	(3)
Q&A	400	(3)
Chapter 14 Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols	403	(24)
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz	403	(4)
Foundation Topics	407	(1)
Routing Protocol Overview	407	(15)
Comparing and Contrasting IP Routing Protocols	408	(2)
Routing Through the Internet with the Border Gateway Protocol	410	(1)
Distance Vector Protocols: RIP and IGRP	411	(5)
Routing Information Protocol Version 1	413	(1)
RIP Version 2	414	(1)
Interior Gateway Routing Protocol	414	(2)
Link-State Protocols: OSPF and Integrated IS-IS	416	(3)
Open Shortest Path First	417	(1)
Integrated IS-IS	418	(1)
Balanced Hybrid Protocols: Enhanced IGRP	419	(1)
Summary of Interior Routing Protocols	420	(2)
Foundation Summary	422	(3)
Q&A	425	(2)
Part V Wide-Area Networking	427	(50)
Chapter 15 Remote Access Technologies	429	(48)
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz	429	(6)
Foundation Topics	435	(1)
Perspectives on the PSTN	435	(6)
Converting Analog Voice to Digital Voice	438	(3)
Analog Modems	441	(6)
Modulation and Demodulation	442	(2)
Point-to-Point Protocol Features with Modems	444	(1)
Modem Installation and Cabling	445	(1)
Modem Standards	446	(1)
Analog Modem Summary	447	(1)
Integrated Services Digital Network	447	(7)
ISDN Channels	449	(1)
ISDN Call Setup and Data Link Protocols	449	(2)
Typical Uses of ISDN	451	(2)
ISDN Installation and Cabling	453	(1)
ISDN Summary	453	(1)
Digital Subscriber Line	454	(6)
DSL Standards	456	(2)
DSL Protocols	458	(1)
DSL Summary	459	(1)
Cable Modems	460	(4)
Layer 1 and Layer 2 between the Home and the Head End	462	(2)
Upstream Data	463	(1)
Cable Modem Summary	464	(1)
Comparison of Remote Access Technologies	464	(3)
Foundation Summary	467	(7)
Q&A	474	(3)
Part VI Final Preparation	477	(20)
Chapter 16 Final Preparation	479	(18)
Suggestions for Final Preparation	479	(3)
Preparing for the Actual Exam Experience	480	(2)
A Final Lab Scenario	482	(1)
Scenario, Part A: Planning	482	(15)
Solutions to Part A: Planning	485	(1)
Scenario Part B: Configuration	486	(1)
Solutions to Part B: Configuration	486	(2)
Scenario Part C: Verification and Questions	488	(5)
Solutions to Part C: Verification and Questions	493	(4)
Part VII Appendixes	497	(80)
Appendix A Answers to the "Do I Know This Already?" Quizzes and Q&A Sections	499	(66)
Appendix B Decimal to Binary Conversion Table	565	(6)
Appendix C Using the Simulation Software for the Hands-on Exercises	571	(6)
Glossary	577	(15)
Index	592