CCNP^® Complete Study Guide: Exams 642-801, 642-811, 642-821, 642-831

by Wade Edwards; Terry Jack; Todd Lammle; Toby Skandier; Robert Padjen; Arthur Pfund; Carl Timm

• ISBN13: 9780782144215
• ISBN10: 0782144217
• Edition: CD
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-05-01
• Publisher: Sybex

Summary

The Most Comprehensive and Current CCNP Self-Study Solution on the Market!Here's the comprehensive and economical self-study solution that will provide you with the knowledge and skills needed to approach the CCNP exams with confidence. This Study Guide was developed to meet the exacting requirements of today's certification candidates. In addition to the consistent and accessible instructional approach that has earned Sybex the reputation as the leading publisher for certification study guides, this book provides: Clear and concise information on configuring and managing Cisco internetworks Practical examples and insights drawn from real-world experience Leading-edge exam preparation software, including a testing engine and electronic flashcardsAnd of course, you'll find in-depth coverage of all official objectives for all four exams required for the CCNP: 642-801: Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks 642-811: Building Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks 642-821: Building Cisco Remote Access Networks 642-831: Cisco Internetwork Troubleshooting Support

Table of Contents

Introduction	xxix
Part I Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks (BSCI)	1	(376)
Routing Principles	3	(34)
Components of Routing Data	4	(19)
Routing Tables	5	(1)
Populating the Routing Table	6	(14)
Reaching the Destination	20	(3)
Convergence	23	(6)
RIP Convergence	23	(2)
IGRP Convergence	25	(2)
EIGRP Convergence	27	(1)
Link-State Convergence	28	(1)
Verifying and Testing a Route	29	(5)
Verifying Routes	29	(1)
Testing and Troubleshooting Routes	30	(4)
Summary	34	(1)
Exam Essentials	34	(3)
IP Addressing	37	(38)
Review of IPv4 Addressing	38	(7)
IP Terminology	39	(1)
The Hierarchical IP Addressing Scheme	40	(5)
Extending IP Addresses	45	(21)
Variable-Length Subnet Masks	46	(8)
Classless Interdomain Routing	54	(2)
Route Summarization	56	(10)
Decimal-to-Binary Conversion Chart	66	(1)
An Overview of IPv6 Addressing	66	(7)
IPv6 Address Format	67	(1)
IPv6 Address Types	68	(5)
Summary	73	(1)
Exam Essentials	73	(2)
Network Address Translation	75	(24)
Understanding Network Address Translation	76	(12)
NAT Terminology	77	(5)
NAT Operations	82	(6)
Configuring NAT	88	(9)
Configuring Static NAT	89	(2)
Configuring Dynamic NAT	91	(1)
Configuring NAT Using Overloading	92	(1)
Configuring TCP Load Distribution	93	(1)
Configuring NAT for Overlapping Addresses	94	(1)
Verifying and Troubleshooting the NAT Configuration	95	(2)
Summary	97	(1)
Exam Essentials	98	(1)
IGRP and EIGRP	99	(42)
Scalability Features of Routing Protocols	100	(2)
Distance-Vector Protocol Scalability Issues	101	(1)
Scalability Limitations of Link-State Routing Protocols	102	(1)
Interior Gateway Routing Protocol	102	(16)
IGRP Features and Operation	103	(8)
IGRP Configuration	111	(3)
Verifying and Troubleshooting IGRP	114	(4)
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol	118	(21)
Route Tagging	119	(1)
Neighbor Relationships	119	(1)
Route Calculation	120	(5)
EIGRP Metrics	125	(3)
Redistribution for EIGRP	128	(1)
Configuring EIGRP	128	(5)
Verifying and Troubleshooting EIGRP	133	(6)
Summary	139	(1)
Exam Essentials	140	(1)
OSPF Operation in a Single Area	141	(34)
Open Shortest Path First	142	(13)
OSPF Terminology	143	(2)
OSPF Operation	145	(10)
NBMA Overview	155	(1)
NBMA Environments	155	(4)
Broadcast	156	(1)
Non-Broadcast	157	(1)
Point-to-Point	158	(1)
Point-to-Multipoint	158	(1)
Configuring OSPF	159	(14)
Discovering the Network with OSPF	159	(4)
Configuring OSPF---Single Area	163	(3)
Configuring OSPF---Single Area (NBMA Environment)	166	(4)
Verifying OSPF Configuration	170	(3)
Summary	173	(1)
Exam Essentials	174	(1)
Interconnecting OSPF Areas	175	(30)
OSPF Scalability	176	(1)
Categories of Multi-Area Components	177	(5)
OSPF Router Roles	177	(2)
Link-State Advertisements	179	(2)
OSPF Area Types	181	(1)
Basic Multi-Area Configuration	182	(2)
RouterA	183	(1)
RouterB	183	(1)
RouterC	183	(1)
Configuring Multi-Area OSPF	184	(1)
Stub Area Configuration	184	(3)
RouterB	185	(1)
RouterC	186	(1)
RouterD	186	(1)
Configuring OSPF for a Stub Area	186	(1)
Totally Stubby Area Configuration	187	(2)
RouterB	187	(1)
RouterC	188	(1)
RouterD	188	(1)
Configuring OSPF for a Totally Stubby Area	189	(1)
Not-So-Stubby Area Configuration	189	(4)
RouterA	190	(1)
RouterB	190	(1)
RouterC	190	(1)
RouterD	191	(1)
Configuring OSPF for a Not-So-Stubby Area	191	(2)
OSPF Virtual Links	193	(3)
RouterA	194	(1)
RouterB	195	(1)
RouterC	195	(1)
Verifying and Troubleshooting OSPF	196	(6)
Route Information	196	(1)
Link-State Database Information	197	(1)
Routing Protocol Information	198	(2)
Viewing Neighbor Information	200	(2)
Viewing OSPF Packets	202	(1)
Summary	202	(1)
Exam Essentials	203	(2)
Integrated IS-IS	205	(30)
Integrated Intermediate System to Intermediate System	206	(2)
Integrated IS-IS Operation	208	(11)
IS-IS Terminology	208	(1)
IS-IS Areas	208	(3)
Network Entity Titles	211	(1)
Neighbor and Adjacency Initialization	212	(1)
Designated Router	213	(2)
IS-IS PDUs	215	(2)
LSP Flooding	217	(1)
SPF Algorithm	217	(1)
Network Types	218	(1)
Configuring IS-IS	219	(6)
Verifying and Troubleshooting IS-IS	225	(7)
Route Information	225	(1)
Link-State Database Information	226	(2)
Routing Protocol Information	228	(1)
Viewing Neighbor Information	229	(1)
Viewing SPF Information	230	(2)
Summary	232	(1)
Exam Essentials	232	(3)
Border Gateway Protocol	235	(48)
Border Gateway Protocol	236	(2)
BGP Terminology	237	(1)
BGP Operation	238	(21)
Message Header Format	239	(1)
Open Message	240	(2)
Update Message	242	(5)
Keepalive Message	247	(1)
Notification Message	247	(2)
Neighbor Negotiation	249	(3)
Route Selection	252	(4)
BGP Synchronization	256	(3)
Route Aggregation	259	(1)
When and When Not to Use BGP	259	(1)
Configuring BGP	260	(12)
Minimal BGP Configuration	260	(2)
iBGP and eBGP Configuration	262	(4)
eBGP Multihop Configuration	266	(2)
Injecting Routes into BGP	268	(4)
Verifying and Troubleshooting the Operation of BGP	272	(8)
Route Information	273	(1)
Viewing Neighbor Information	274	(2)
Debugging BGP Information	276	(4)
Summary	280	(1)
Exam Essentials	281	(2)
Advanced Border Gateway Protocol	283	(40)
Overcoming Scalability Limitations of iBGP	284	(16)
Route Reflection	285	(3)
Configuring Route Reflection for iBGP	288	(5)
Confederations	293	(3)
Configuring Confederations	296	(4)
BGP Filters	300	(9)
Distribute Lists	301	(1)
Prefix Lists	302	(4)
Route Maps	306	(3)
Communities	309	(2)
Peer Groups	311	(5)
Multi-homing	316	(2)
Resolving Next-Hop Issues	318	(1)
Route Aggregation	319	(1)
Summary	320	(1)
Exam Essentials	320	(3)
Route Optimization	323	(34)
Filtering	324	(4)
Access Groups	324	(2)
Distribute Lists	326	(1)
Route Maps	327	(1)
Policy-Based Routing	328	(5)
Source-Based Policies	329	(1)
Type of Traffic Policies	330	(1)
Type of Service Policies	331	(2)
Verifying and Troubleshooting
Policy-Based Routing Operation	333	(3)
Redistribution	336	(2)
Classless to Classful Redistribution	338	(1)
Filtering with Redistribution	338	(1)
Configuring Redistribution	338	(15)
RIP	338	(2)
IGRP	340	(1)
EIGRP	341	(1)
OSPF	341	(2)
IS-IS	343	(2)
Connected Interfaces, Static Routes, and Default Routes	345	(4)
Classless to Classful Redistribution	349	(2)
Filtering with Redistribution	351	(2)
Summarization	353	(2)
EIGRP	353	(1)
OSPF	354	(1)
IS-IS	355	(1)
Summary	355	(1)
Exam Essentials	356	(1)
Design Considerations	357	(20)
Three-Layer Hierarchical Design Model	358	(6)
Access Layer	358	(4)
Distribution Layer	362	(1)
Core Layer	363	(1)
IP Address Assignment	364	(4)
Considering Routing Protocols in Network Design	368	(6)
OSPF	369	(1)
EIGRP	370	(1)
IS-IS	371	(1)
BGP	372	(2)
Summary	374	(1)
Exam Essentials	374	(3)
Part II Building Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks (BCMSN)	377	(326)
The Campus Network	379	(34)
Understanding Campus Internetworks	381	(1)
Looking Back at Traditional Campus Networks	381	(5)
Performance Problems and Solutions	382	(2)
The 80/20 Rule	384	(2)
Introducing the New Campus Model	386	(2)
Network Services	387	(1)
Using Switching Technologies	388	(6)
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model	388	(3)
Layer 2 Switching	391	(1)
Routing	391	(1)
Layer 3 Switching	392	(1)
Layer 4 Switching	393	(1)
Multilayer Switching (MLS)	393	(1)
Understanding the Cisco Hierarchical Model	394	(4)
Core Layer	396	(1)
Distribution Layer	397	(1)
Access Layer	397	(1)
Using Cisco Catalyst Products	398	(2)
Access Layer Switches	398	(1)
Distribution Layer Switches	399	(1)
Core Layer Switches	400	(1)
Applying the Building Blocks	400	(7)
Switch Block	401	(1)
Core Block	401	(3)
Scaling Layer 2 Backbones	404	(2)
Scaling Layer 3 Backbones	406	(1)
Safe	407	(3)
Summary	410	(1)
Exam Essentials	410	(3)
Connecting the Switch Block	413	(32)
Understanding Cable Media	414	(3)
The Background of IEEE Ethernet	415	(1)
LAN Segmentation Using Switches	416	(1)
Using Ethernet Media in Your Network	417	(6)
10BaseT	417	(1)
FastEthernet	417	(3)
Gigabit Ethernet	420	(3)
Connecting and Logging In to a Switch	423	(18)
Cabling the Switch Block Devices	424	(2)
Cisco IOS- and Set-Based Commands	426	(15)
Summary	441	(1)
Exam Essentials	442	(3)
VLANs, Trunks, and VTP	445	(36)
Understanding the Design Benefits of Virtual LANs	446	(4)
Broadcast Control	447	(1)
Security	448	(1)
Flexibility and Scalability	448	(1)
The Collapsed Backbone and the VLAN	449	(1)
Scaling the Switch Block	450	(7)
Defining VLAN Boundaries	451	(1)
Assigning VLAN Memberships	452	(1)
Configuring Static VLANs	452	(5)
Identifying VLANs	457	(4)
Frame Tagging	458	(1)
VLAN Identification Methods	458	(3)
Trunking	461	(4)
Configuring Trunk Ports	461	(2)
Clearing VLANs from Trunk Links	463	(1)
Verifying Trunk Links	464	(1)
Using VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP)	465	(12)
VTP Modes of Operation	466	(2)
VTP Advertisements	468	(2)
Configuring VTP	470	(5)
Adding to a VTP Domain	475	(1)
VTP Pruning	475	(2)
Auxiliary VLANs	477	(1)
802.1Q Tunneling	477	(1)
Summary	478	(1)
Exam Essentials	478	(3)
Layer 2 Switching and the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)	481	(20)
Layer 2 LAN Switching	482	(5)
Comparing Bridges to Switches	482	(1)
Three Switch Functions at Layer 2	483	(4)
Spanning Tree Operation	487	(7)
Selecting the Best Path	488	(3)
Selecting the Designated Port	491	(1)
Spanning Tree Port States	492	(1)
Spanning Tree Example	493	(1)
LAN Switch Types	494	(2)
Store-and-Forward	495	(1)
Cut-Through (Real Time)	495	(1)
FragmentFree (Modified Cut-Through)	496	(1)
Configuring Spanning Tree	496	(3)
Summary	499	(1)
Exam Essentials	499	(2)
Using Spanning Tree with VLANs	501	(36)
Creating VLAN Standards	502	(3)
Per-VLAN Spanning Tree (PVST)	503	(1)
Common Spanning Tree (CST)	504	(1)
Per-VLAN Spanning Tree+ (PVST+)	504	(1)
Multiple Spanning Tree (MST)	505	(1)
Scaling the Spanning Tree Protocol	505	(14)
Determining the Root	506	(1)
Configuring the Root	506	(4)
Setting the Port Cost	510	(3)
Setting the Port Priority	513	(4)
Changing the STP Timers	517	(2)
Using Redundant Links with STP	519	(15)
Parallel Fast EtherChannel Links	520	(6)
Port Aggregation Protocol (PAgP)	526	(1)
Load Balancing and Redundancy	526	(1)
PortFast	527	(2)
UplinkFast	529	(3)
BackboneFast	532	(1)
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol	533	(1)
Summary	534	(1)
Exam Essentials	534	(3)
Inter-VLAN Routing	537	(16)
Routing Between VLANs	538	(4)
Multiple Links	540	(1)
A Single Trunk Link	541	(1)
An Internal Route Processor	541	(1)
Internal Routing on an IOS-Based Switch	542	(1)
Using ISL and 802.1Q Routing	542	(9)
Configuring ISL/802.1Q with an External Router	543	(2)
Configuring ISL/802.1Q on an Internal Route Processor	545	(1)
Configuring VLANs on an Internal Route Processor	546	(3)
Configuring Internal Routing on an IOS-Based Switch	549	(2)
Summary	551	(1)
Exam Essentials	551	(2)
Multilayer Switching (MLS)	553	(32)
Understanding the Fundamentals of MLS	554	(10)
MLS Requirements	556	(1)
MLS Procedures	557	(5)
Disabling MLS	562	(2)
Configuring MLS-RP	564	(6)
Enabling MLS	564	(1)
VTP Domain Assignments	565	(1)
VLAN Assignments	566	(1)
Interface Configurations	567	(1)
MSA Management Interface	568	(1)
Verifying the MLS Configuration	568	(2)
Access Control Lists (ACLs)	570	(1)
Configuring the MLS Switch Engine	570	(5)
Enabling MLS on the MLS-SE	571	(1)
Configuring Flow Masks	571	(1)
Using Cache Entries	572	(2)
Displaying the MLS Cache Entries	574	(1)
Removing MLS Cache Entries	575	(1)
Using Acceptable MLS Topologies	575	(2)
Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF)	577	(5)
The Trouble with CEF and Layer 3 Switching	577	(1)
Legacy Routing and Layer 3 Switching	578	(4)
Summary	582	(1)
Exam Essentials	583	(2)
Understanding and Configuring Multicast Operation	585	(52)
Multicast Overview	587	(3)
Unicast	587	(1)
Broadcast	588	(1)
Multicast	589	(1)
Using Multicast Addressing	590	(5)
Mapping IP Multicast to Ethernet	591	(3)
Layer 3 to Layer 2 Overlap	594	(1)
Managing Multicast in an Internetwork	595	(9)
Subscribing and Maintaining Groups	596	(1)
Internet Group Management Protocol Version 1 (IGMPv1)	596	(3)
Internet Group Management Protocol Version 2 (IGMPv2)	599	(1)
Internet Group Management Protocol Version 3 (IGMPv3)	600	(1)
Cisco Group Management Protocol (CGMP)	601	(2)
IGMP Snooping	603	(1)
Routing Multicast Traffic	604	(15)
Distribution Trees	605	(4)
Managing Multicast Delivery	609	(10)
Planning and Preparing for Using IP Multicast	619	(1)
End-to-End IP Multicast	620	(1)
Configuring IP Multicast Routing	620	(14)
Enabling IP Multicast Routing	621	(1)
Enabling PIM on an Interface	622	(3)
Configuring a Rendezvous Point	625	(3)
Configuring TTL	628	(1)
Joining a Multicast Group	629	(2)
Changing the IGMP Version	631	(1)
Enabling CGMP and IGMP Snooping	631	(3)
Summary	634	(1)
Exam Essentials	634	(3)
Quality of Service (QoS)	637	(40)
Understanding Application Needs	638	(4)
E-mail	639	(1)
WWW Traffic	639	(1)
Voice over Ethernet	640	(2)
Understanding the Fundamentals of QoS	642	(4)
Best Efforts Networks	642	(4)
QoS Options	646	(17)
The Differentiated Services Model	647	(2)
IEEE 802.1p	649	(1)
Applying the QoS Model	650	(1)
Prioritizing Traffic Classes	650	(1)
Queuing Mechanisms	651	(2)
Configuring QoS on Cisco Switches	653	(5)
Queuing Mechanisms	658	(5)
Redundancy in Switched Networks	663	(11)
Hot Standby Router Protocol	663	(8)
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol	671	(1)
Gateway Load Balancing Protocol	671	(2)
Transparent Ethernet	673	(1)
Summary	674	(1)
Exam Essentials	675	(2)
Catalyst Switch Technologies	677	(26)
The Switching Process	678	(10)
Switch Architecture and Components	679	(3)
Bridging Table Operation	682	(1)
Memory	683	(3)
Software	686	(2)
Switches: The Current Range	688	(9)
2950 Series Switches	689	(2)
3550 Series Switches	691	(2)
4000 Series Switches	693	(2)
6500 Series Switches	695	(2)
Debugging, Management, and System Testing	697	(3)
The Cisco Cluster Management Suite (CMS)	697	(1)
Debugging	697	(1)
System Testing	698	(2)
Summary	700	(1)
Exam Essentials	700	(3)
Part III Building Cisco Remote Access Networks (BCRAN)	703	(282)
Cisco Solutions for Remote Access	705	(40)
What Is Remote Access?	706	(20)
WAN Connection Types	707	(10)
WAN Encapsulation Protocols	717	(3)
Selecting a WAN Protocol	720	(6)
Choosing Remote Connection Cisco Products	726	(3)
Fixed Interfaces	727	(1)
Modular Interfaces	728	(1)
Product Selection Tools	728	(1)
Cabling and Assembling the WAN	729	(13)
Internetworking Overview and Remote Access Interface Options	729	(3)
Identifying Company Site Equipment	732	(7)
Verifying a Network Installation	739	(3)
Summary	742	(1)
Exam Essentials	743	(2)
Asynchronous Connections	745	(18)
Understanding Asynchronous Modems	746	(7)
Signaling and Cabling	749	(2)
Modulation Standards	751	(2)
Configuring Asynchronous Modem Connections	753	(8)
Automatic Configuration	754	(4)
Manual Configuration	758	(3)
Summary	761	(1)
Exam Essentials	761	(2)
Point-to-Point Protocol	763	(34)
PPP Overview and Architecture	764	(4)
The Flag Field	765	(1)
The Address Field	766	(1)
The Control Field	766	(1)
The Protocol Field	766	(2)
The Information Field	768	(1)
The Frame Check Sequence (FCS) Field	768	(1)
Configuring Access Servers	768	(8)
Configuring PPP	768	(1)
Dedicated or Interactive PPP	768	(1)
Interface Addressing Options for Local Devices	769	(7)
PAP and Chap Authentication	776	(3)
Password Authentication Protocol (PAP)	776	(1)
Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP)	777	(2)
PPP Callback	779	(3)
PPP Compression and Multilink	782	(4)
Compression Configuration	783	(1)
Multilink Configuration	784	(2)
Verifying and Troubleshooting PPP	786	(8)
The debug ppp authentication Command	787	(1)
The debug ppp negotiation Command	787	(4)
The debug ppp packet Command	791	(3)
Summary	794	(1)
Exam Essentials	795	(2)
Using Microsoft Windows 95/98/2000/XP	797	(18)
Reasons to Use Dial-Up Networking	798	(1)
Configuring Dial-Up Networking with Windows 95/98	799	(1)
Configuring a Dial-Up Connection Client	800	(10)
Dial-Up Networking Application	800	(1)
Make New Connection Wizard	800	(3)
Connection Properties	803	(7)
Setting Additional Configuration Options	810	(2)
Locking DTE Speed	811	(1)
Launching Terminal Windows	811	(1)
Verifying a Dial-Up Connection	812	(1)
Summary	813	(1)
Exam Essentials	813	(2)
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)	815	(50)
What Is Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)?	817	(1)
ISDN Line Options	818	(4)
Basic Rate Interface (BRI)	819	(2)
Primary Rate Interface (PRI)	821	(1)
ISDN Function Groups	822	(1)
ISDN Reference Points	823	(2)
ISDN Protocols	825	(1)
LAPD Frames	825	(3)
Layer 2 Negotiation	828	(3)
ISDN Call Setup and Teardown	831	(3)
ISDN Configuration	834	(1)
Using a Legacy Interface	835	(2)
Using a Dialer Interface	837	(1)
Authentication	838	(5)
Password Authentication Protocol (PAP)	839	(1)
Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP)	840	(3)
Dial-on-Demand Routing (DDR)	843	(5)
Configuring DDR	844	(2)
Using Optional Commands	846	(1)
Using DDR with Access Lists	847	(1)
Verifying the ISDN Operation	848	(1)
Dial Backup	848	(9)
Setting Up Dial Backup	849	(2)
Testing the Backup	851	(6)
Bandwidth on Demand	857	(2)
Channelized T-1/E-1 (PRI)	859	(3)
Configuring ISDN PRI	860	(1)
Configuring E-1	861	(1)
Summary	862	(1)
Exam Essentials	863	(2)
Remote Access with Digital Subscriber Line	865	(12)
What Is Digital Subscriber Line?	866	(1)
The Different Flavors of DSL	867	(4)
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line	867	(2)
G.lite	869	(1)
High Bit-Rate DSL	869	(1)
Symmetric DSL	869	(1)
ISDN DSL	869	(1)
Very-High Data Rate DSL	870	(1)
Cisco DSL Routers	871	(1)
Configuring DSL	872	(2)
Troubleshooting DSL	874	(1)
Summary	875	(1)
Exam Essentials	875	(2)
Remote Access with Cable Modems and Virtual Private Networks	877	(10)
What Is a Cable Modem?	878	(2)
DOCSIS	879	(1)
Cisco's Cable Modem Product Line	880	(1)
Cisco Cable Manager	881	(1)
Virtual Private Networks	881	(5)
IPSec	881	(5)
Summary	886	(1)
Exam Essentials	886	(1)
Frame Relay	887	(28)
Understanding Frame Relay	888	(1)
What Is Frame Relay?	888	(1)
A Brief History of Frame Relay	889	(1)
Frame Relay Virtual Circuits	889	(2)
Switched Virtual Circuits	890	(1)
Permanent Virtual Circuits	891	(1)
Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI)	891	(3)
DCLI Mapping	892	(2)
Frame Relay Local Management Interface (LMI)	894	(1)
Configuring Frame Relay	895	(1)
Frame Relay Congestion Control	896	(3)
Factors Affecting Performance	896	(1)
Congestion Handling by Frame Relay Switches	897	(1)
Congestion Handling by Routers	898	(1)
Point-to-Point and Multipoint Interfaces	899	(3)
Verifying Frame Relay	902	(4)
The show interface Command	902	(1)
The show frame-relay pvc Command	903	(1)
The show frame-relay map Command	904	(1)
The show frame-relay lmi Command	904	(1)
The debug frame-relay lmi Command	905	(1)
Frame Relay Switching	906	(3)
Frame Relay Switching Commands	907	(2)
Frame Relay Traffic Shaping	909	(2)
Using Traffic-Shaping Techniques	909	(1)
Configuring Traffic Shaping	910	(1)
Summary	911	(2)
Exam Essentials	913	(2)
Queuing and Compression	915	(26)
Queuing	916	(2)
Traffic Prioritization	917	(1)
Queuing Policy	917	(1)
IOS Queuing Options	918	(14)
Weighted Fair Queuing	919	(3)
Priority Queuing	922	(3)
Custom Queuing	925	(7)
Cisco's Newer Queuing Technologies	932	(2)
Low Latency Queuing	932	(1)
Class-Based Weighted Fair Queuing	933	(1)
Committed Access Rate	933	(1)
Compression	934	(4)
TCP Header Compression	935	(1)
Payload Compression	936	(1)
Link Compression	936	(1)
Compression Considerations	937	(1)
Viewing Compression Information	937	(1)
Summary	938	(1)
Exam Essentials	939	(2)
Network Address Translation and Port Address Translation	941	(26)
Understanding Network Address Translation (NAT)	943	(4)
NAT Terminology	943	(1)
How NAT Works	944	(1)
Advantages of NAT	945	(1)
Disadvantages of NAT	946	(1)
NAT Traffic Types	946	(1)
Performing NAT Operations	947	(5)
Translating Inside Local Addresses	948	(1)
Overloading Inside Global Addresses	949	(1)
Using TCP Load Distribution	950	(1)
Overlapping Networks	951	(1)
Configuring NAT	952	(8)
Configuring Static NAT	953	(1)
Configuring Dynamic NAT, Inside Global Address Overloading, and TCP Load Distribution	954	(2)
Configuring NAT to Perform Overlapping Address Translation	956	(1)
Verifying NAT Configuration	957	(1)
Troubleshooting NAT	958	(1)
Clearing NAT Translation Entries	959	(1)
Using Port Address Translation (PAT)	960	(4)
Disadvantages of PAT	960	(1)
Configuring PAT	961	(2)
Monitoring PAT	963	(1)
Summary	964	(1)
Exam Essentials	964	(3)
Centralized Security in Remote Access Networks	967	(18)
Security Terminology	968	(1)
Cisco Access Control Solutions	969	(1)
CiscoSecure	970	(1)
Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting	970	(2)
How AAA Works	971	(1)
Router Access Modes	972	(2)
Character-Mode Connections	972	(1)
Packet-Mode Connections	973	(1)
AAA Configuration	974	(8)
Authentication Configuration	975	(2)
Authorization Configuration	977	(3)
Accounting Configuration	980	(2)
Virtual Profiles	982	(1)
Summary	983	(1)
Exam Essentials	983	(2)
Part IV Cisco Internetwork Troubleshooting (CIT)	985	(342)
Troubleshooting Methodology	987	(14)
The Complexity of Internetworks	988	(2)
Cisco Troubleshooting Model	990	(8)
Step 1: Gather Symptoms	992	(2)
Step 2: Isolate the Problem	994	(1)
Step 3: Correct the Problem	995	(3)
Document the Changes	998	(1)
Troubleshooting by Layer	998	(1)
Bottom-Up Troubleshooting Approach	998	(1)
Top-Down Troubleshooting Approach	999	(1)
Divide-and-Conquer Troubleshooting Approach	999	(1)
Summary	999	(1)
Exam Essentials	1000	(1)
Network Documentation	1001	(22)
The Network Baseline	1002	(1)
Network Configuration Table	1003	(12)
Router Network Configuration Table	1005	(4)
Switch Network Configuration Table	1009	(6)
Network Topology Diagrams	1015	(6)
Components of a Network Topology Diagram	1015	(2)
Creating a Network Topology Diagram	1017	(4)
Summary	1021	(1)
Exam Essentials	1021	(2)
End-System Documentation and Troubleshooting	1023	(30)
End-System Network Configuration Table	1024	(8)
Creating an End-System Network Configuration Table	1025	(7)
End-System Network Topology Diagram	1032	(3)
Creating an End-System Network Topology Diagram	1034	(1)
Troubleshooting End-System Problems	1035	(15)
End-System Troubleshooting Commands	1036	(14)
Summary	1050	(1)
Exam Essentials	1050	(3)
Protocol Attributes	1053	(28)
The OSI Reference Model	1054	(3)
Global Protocol Classifications	1057	(5)
Connection-Oriented Protocols	1057	(4)
Connectionless Protocols	1061	(1)
Layer 2: Data Link Layer Protocols and Applications	1062	(8)
Ethernet/IEEE 802.3	1063	(2)
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)	1065	(1)
Synchronous Data Link Control (SDLC)	1065	(3)
Frame Relay	1068	(1)
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)	1069	(1)
Layers 3 and 4: IP Routed Protocols	1070	(9)
Internet Protocol (IP)	1071	(5)
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)	1076	(1)
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)	1077	(1)
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)	1078	(1)
Summary	1079	(1)
Exam Essentials	1080	(1)
Cisco Diagnostic Commands and TCP/IP Troubleshooting	1081	(56)
Troubleshooting Commands	1082	(42)
show Commands	1082	(23)
debug Commands	1105	(7)
logging Commands	1112	(2)
Executing a Router Core Dump	1114	(2)
ping Commands	1116	(4)
traceroute Command	1120	(4)
LAN Connectivity Problems	1124	(5)
Obtaining an IP Address	1124	(3)
ARP	1127	(1)
Sample TCP Connection	1128	(1)
IP Access Lists	1129	(6)
Standard Access Lists	1130	(2)
Extended Access Lists	1132	(1)
Named Access Lists	1133	(2)
Summary	1135	(1)
Exam Essentials	1136	(1)
TCP/IP Routing Protocol Troubleshooting	1137	(40)
Default Gateways	1138	(3)
Static and Dynamic Routing	1141	(1)
Troubleshooting RIP	1142	(2)
RIP-1 and RIP-2	1143	(1)
show Commands	1143	(1)
debug Commands	1143	(1)
Typical RIP Problems	1144	(1)
Troubleshooting IGRP	1144	(2)
IGRP Features and Operation	1144	(1)
show Commands	1145	(1)
debug Commands	1145	(1)
Typical IGRP Problems	1146	(1)
Troubleshooting EIGRP	1146	(6)
Neighbor Formation	1147	(4)
show Commands	1151	(1)
debug Commands	1151	(1)
Typical EIGRP Problems	1151	(1)
Troubleshooting OSPF	1152	(9)
Neighbor and Adjacency Formation	1154	(1)
OSPF Area Types	1155	(2)
show Commands	1157	(1)
debug Commands	1158	(2)
Typical OSPF Problems	1160	(1)
Troubleshooting BGP	1161	(4)
Neighbor Relationship	1161	(1)
eBGP versus iBGP	1161	(1)
show Commands	1162	(1)
debug Commands	1162	(2)
Typical BGP Problems	1164	(1)
Redistribution of Routing Protocols	1165	(7)
Dealing with Routing Metrics	1165	(3)
Distribute Lists	1168	(1)
Route Maps	1169	(3)
TCP/IP Symptoms and Problems: Summary Sheet	1172	(1)
TCP/IP Problems and Action Plans: Summary Sheet	1173	(1)
Summary	1174	(1)
Exam Essentials	1175	(2)
Troubleshooting Serial Line and Frame Relay Connectivity	1177	(26)
Troubleshooting Serial Lines	1178	(15)
HDLC Encapsulation	1179	(1)
show interface serial Command	1180	(4)
show controllers Command	1184	(2)
show buffers Command	1186	(1)
debug serial interface Command	1187	(2)
CSU/DSU Loopback Tests	1189	(1)
Serial Line Summary	1190	(3)
Troubleshooting Frame Relay	1193	(8)
Frame Relay show Commands	1194	(4)
Frame Relay debug Commands	1198	(2)
Frame Relay Summary	1200	(1)
Summary	1201	(1)
Exam Essentials	1202	(1)
Troubleshooting ISDN	1203	(32)
ISDN Fundamentals	1204	(1)
Common ISDN Problems	1205	(8)
Misconfigured Routers	1205	(5)
Physical Layer Connections	1210	(3)
Misconfigured Phone Switches	1213	(5)
Troubleshooting Layer 2	1213	(3)
Troubleshooting Layer 3	1216	(1)
Switch Types	1217	(1)
ISDN Troubleshooting Commands	1218	(6)
ping	1219	(1)
clear interface bri n	1219	(1)
show interface bri n	1220	(1)
show interface bri n 1 2	1221	(1)
show controller bri	1221	(1)
show isdn status	1222	(1)
show dialer	1223	(1)
show ppp multilink	1224	(1)
Debugging ISDN	1224	(9)
debug bri	1225	(1)
debug isdn q921	1226	(1)
debug dialer	1227	(1)
debug isdn q931	1228	(1)
debug ppp negotiation	1229	(3)
debug ppp packet	1232	(1)
Summary	1233	(1)
Exam Essentials	1233	(2)
Troubleshooting Switched Ethernet	1235	(48)
Switches, Bridges, and Hubs	1236	(2)
Catalyst Troubleshooting Tools	1238	(24)
Catalyst Command-Line Interfaces	1238	(1)
Hybrid Mode Catalyst CLI	1238	(23)
RMON	1261	(1)
Indicator Lights	1262	(1)
Controlling Recurring Paths with Spanning Tree	1262	(3)
Troubleshooting Spanning Tree Problems	1263	(2)
Virtual LANs	1265	(4)
Inter-Switch Link (ISL)	1265	(3)
802.1Q Trunking	1268	(1)
VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP)	1268	(1)
Cabling Issues	1269	(3)
Cable Problems	1269	(2)
Crossover Cables	1271	(1)
Troubleshooting Switched Connections	1272	(7)
The Switched Port Analyzer	1272	(1)
The Multilayer Switch Feature Card and Catalyst Routing	1273	(2)
VLANs across Routers and Switches	1275	(2)
VLAN Design Issues and Troubleshooting	1277	(2)
Hybrid/Native Command Conversion	1279	(1)
Summary	1280	(1)
Exam Essentials	1281	(2)
Applying Cisco's Diagnostic Tools	1283	(44)
Identifying and Resolving Generic Router Problems	1284	(28)
Scenario #1	1284	(12)
Scenario #2	1296	(11)
Scenario #3	1307	(5)
Troubleshooting Ethernet Problems	1312	(12)
Scenario #1	1313	(4)
Scenario #2	1317	(7)
Opening a Case with the Technical Assistance Center	1324	(1)
Summary	1324	(1)
Exam Essentials	1325	(2)
Index	1327