Chemistry

by Cohen, Paul S.; Geffner, Saul

• ISBN13: 9780877201038
• ISBN10: 087720103X
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1996-01-01
• Publisher: Perfection Learning

Summary

This book is designed to make learning easier for students. Its content is carefully selected and logically organized. It offers a shortened introductory chemistry course.

Table of Contents

Matter and Energy	1	(58)
The Study of Chemistry	2	(1)
What Is Matter?	3	(9)
Changes in Matter and Energy	12	(8)
Gases	20	(3)
The Gas Laws	23	(14)
Liquids	37	(5)
Solids	42	(16)
Going Further	44	(11)
Chemistry Challenge	55	(3)
Atomic Structure	58	(47)
The General Structure of an Atom	59	(7)
Electrons in Atoms	66	(5)
The Bohr Model	71	(2)
The Quantum Mehanical Model	73	(6)
Electron Configuration	79	(11)
Valence Electrons	90	(1)
Ionization Energy	91	(3)
Electron Affinity and Electronegativity	94	(11)
Going Further	96	(7)
Chemistry Challenge	103	(2)
Bonding	105	(40)
Formation of Chemical Bonds	106	(3)
Bonds Between Atoms	109	(11)
The Shapes and Polarities of Molecules	120	(7)
Attractive Forces Between Molecules	127	(4)
Review of Bonds	131	(1)
Bonding and the Solid State	131	(14)
Going Further	133	(9)
Chemistry Challenge	142	(3)
Formulas and Equations	145	(19)
Chemical Formulas	146	(1)
Writing Chemical Formulas	146	(11)
Chemical Equations	157	(2)
Types of Chemical Reactions	159	(5)
The Periodic Table	164	(18)
Origins of the Periodic Table	165	(4)
The Modern Periodic Table	169	(13)
Some Chemical Families	182	(36)
Group 1 (1A)-The Alkali Metals and Hydrogen	183	(3)
Group 2 (IIA)-The Alkaline Earth Metals	186	(6)
Group 13 (IIIA)-The Aluminum Family	192	(1)
Group 14 (IVA)-The Carbon Family	193	(1)
Group 15 (VA)-The Nitrogen Family	194	(6)
Group 16 (VIA)-The Oxygen Family	200	(6)
Group 17 (VIIA)-The Halogens	206	(7)
Group 18 (0)-The Noble Gases	213	(5)
Chemical Calculations	218	(39)
Expressing Quantity	219	(1)
The Mole Concept	219	(7)
Graham's Law	226	(1)
Percent Composition	227	(3)
Empirical Formulas	230	(4)
Molecular Formulas	234	(2)
Mole Relationships in Chemical Reactions	236	(2)
Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions	238	(3)
Mass and Volume Relationships in Chemical Reactions	241	(2)
Volume Relationships in Chemical Reactions	243	(14)
Going Further	244	(11)
Chemistry Challenge	255	(2)
Solutions	257	(38)
What Is a Solution?	258	(1)
The Nature of the Dissolving Process	259	(12)
Factors That Influence Solubility	271	(4)
The Quantitative Composition of Solutions	275	(7)
Some Properties of Solutions	282	(13)
Going Further	288	(7)
The Forces That Drive Reactions	295	(26)
Chemical Energy	296	(1)
Enthalpy	297	(10)
Entropy	307	(3)
Free Energy Change: Enthalpy and Entropy Combined	310	(11)
Going Further	314	(5)
Chemistry Challenge	319	(2)
Rates of Reactions: Kinetics	321	(19)
Factors That Determine Reaction Rates	322	(5)
Changing Reaction Rates	327	(5)
Potential Energy Diagrams	332	(2)
Kinetics and Chemical Equilibrium	334	(6)
Equilibrium	340	(39)
Chemical Equilibrium	341	(1)
Physical Equilibrium	342	(1)
Solution Equilibrium	342	(3)
Factors That Control Chemical Equilibrium	345	(14)
Quantitative Aspects of Equilibrium	359	(8)
Reactions That Go to Completion	367	(12)
Going Further	369	(8)
Chemistry Challenge	377	(2)
Acids and Bases	379	(40)
What Is an Acid? What Is a Base	380	(4)
The Bronsted-Lowry Model of Acids and Bases	384	(35)
Going Further	411	(8)
Redox and Electrochemistry	419	(40)
Reduction and Oxidation	420	(9)
Predicting Oxidation-Reduction Reactions	429	(6)
Electrochemistry: Chemical Reactions → Electricity	435	(3)
Commercial Electrochemical Cells	438	(2)
Electrochemistry: Electricity → Chemical Reactions	440	(6)
Balancing Redox Reactions	446	(13)
Going Further	449	(10)
Organic Chemistry	459	(51)
Organic Compounds	460	(3)
Hydrocarbons	463	(5)
Derivatives of Hydrocarbons	468	(11)
Naming Organic Compounds	479	(10)
Isomers	489	(4)
Some Types of Organic Reactions	493	(17)
Nuclear Chemistry	510	(28)
Radioisotopes	511	(14)
Energy of Nuclear Changes	525	(8)
Other Uses of Radioisotopes	533	(5)
Appendix 1 Measurements	538	(8)
Appendix 2 Exponential Notation	546	(3)
Appendix 3 Laboratory Preparations	549	(6)
Appendix 4 Useful Tables	555	(7)
Appendix 5 Atomic Masses and Periodic Table	562	(7)
Index	569