Chicanas/Chicanos at the Crossroads

Summary

Dubbed the "decade of the Hispanic," the 1980swas instead a period of retrenchment for Chicanas/os as they continued to confront many of the problems and issues of earlier years in the face of a more conservative political environment. Following a substantial increase in activism in the early 1990s, Chicana/o scholars are now prepared to take stock of the Chicano Movement's accomplishments and shortcomings--and the challenges it yet faces--on the eve of a new millennium. Chicanas/Chicanos at the Crossroadsis a state-of-the-art assessment of the most significant developments in the conditions, fortunes, and experiences of Chicanas/os since the late seventies, with an emphasis on the years after 1980, which have thus far received little scholarly attention. Ten essays by leading Chicana and Chicano scholars on economic, social, educational, and political trends in Chicana/o life examine such issues as the rapid population growth of Chicanas/os and other Latinos; the ascendancy of Reaganomics and the turn to the right of American politics; the rise of anti-immigrant sentiment; the launching of new initiatives by the Mexican government toward the Chicano community; and the emergence of a new generation of political activists. The authors have been drawn from a broad array of disciplines, ranging from economics to women's studies, in order to offer a multidisciplinary perspective on Chicana/o developments in the contemporary era. The inclusion of authors from different regions of the United States and from divergent backgrounds enhances the broad perspective of the volume. The editors offer this anthology with the intent of providing timely and useful insights and stimulating reflection and scholarship on a diverse and complex population. A testament to three decades of intense social struggle, Chicanas/Chicanos at the Crossroads is ample evidence that the legacy of the Movimiento is alive and well. Contents Part One: Demographic and Economic Trends Among Chicanas/os 1. Demographic Trends in the Chicano Population: Policy Implications for the Twenty First Century, Susan Gonzalez-Baker 2. Mexican Immigration in the 1980s and Beyond: Implications for Chicanos/as, Leo R. Chavez and Rebecca Martinez 3. Chicanas/os in the Economy: Issues and Challenges Since 1970, Refugio Rochin and Adela de la Torre Part Two: Chicano Politics: Trajectories and Consequences 4. The Chicano Movement: Its Legacy for Politics and Policy, John A. Garcia 5. Chicano Organizational Politics and Strategies in the Era of Retrenchment, Isidro D. Ortiz 6. Return to Aztlan: Mexican Policy Design Toward Chicanos, Maria Rosa Garcia-Acevedo Part Three: Chicana/o Educational Struggles: Dimensions, Accomplishments and Challenges 7. Actors Not Victims: Chicanos in the Struggle for Educational Equality, Guadalupe San Miguel 8. Juncture in the Road: Chincano Studies Since El Plan de Santa Barbara, Ignacio Garcia Part Four: Gender Feminism and Chicanas/os: Developments and Perspectives 9. Gender and Its Discontinuities in Male/Female Domestic Relations: Mexicans in Cross Cultural Context, Adelaida R. Del Castillo 10. With Quill and Torch: A Chicana Perspective on the American Women's Movement and Feminist Theories, Beatriz Pesquera and Denise A. Segura

Acknowledgments

vii

(2)

Introduction

(6)

List of Abbreviations

PART ONE DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC TRENDS AMONG CHICANAS/OS

(78)

Demographic Trends in the Chicana/o Population: Policy Implications for the Twenty-First Century

(20)

Susan Gonzalez Baker

Mexican Immigration in the 1980s and Beyond: Implications for Chicanas/os

(27)

Leo R. Chavez

Rebecca G. Martinez

Chicanas/os in the Economy: Issues and Challenges Since 1970

(29)

Refugio I. Rochin

Adela de la Torre

PART TWO CHICANA/O POLITICS: TRAJECTORIES AND CONSEQUENCES

(76)

The Chicano Movement: Its Legacy for Politics and Policy

(25)

John A. Garcia

Chicana/o Organizational Politics and Strategies in the Era of Retrenchment

108

(22)

Isidro D. Ortiz

Return to Aztlan: Mexico's Policies toward Chicanas/os

130

(27)

Maria Rosa Garcia-Acevedo

PART THREE CHICANA/O EDUCATIONAL STRUGGLES: DIMENSIONS, ACCOMPLISHMENTS, AND CHALLENGES

157

(48)

Actors Not Victims: Chicanas/os and the Struggle for Educational Equality

159

(22)

Guadalupe San Miguel

Juncture in the Road: Chicano Studies Since "El Plan de Santa Barbara"

181

(24)

Ignacio M. Garcia

PART FOUR GENDER, FEMINISM, AND CHICANAS/OS: DEVELOPMENTS AND PERSPECTIVES

205

(44)

Gender and Its Discontinuities in Male/Female Domestic Relations: Mexicans in Cross-Cultural Context

207

(24)

Adelaida R. Del Castillo

With Quill and Torch: A Chicana Perspective on the American Women's Movement and Feminist Theories

231

(18)

Beatriz M. Pesquera

Denise A. Segura

Contributors

249

(2)

Index

251

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