Childhood and Society

by Erikson, Erik H.

• ISBN13: 9780393310689
• ISBN10: 039331068X
• Edition: 00
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1993-09-17
• Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company

Summary

The original and vastly influential ideas of Erik H. Erikson underlie much of our understanding of human development. His insights into the interdependence of the individuals' growth and historical change, his now-famous concepts of identity, growth, and the life cycle, have changed the way we perceive ourselves and society. Widely read and cited, his works have won numerous awards including the Pulitzer Prize and the National Book Award. Combining the insights of clinical psychoanalysis with a new approach to cultural anthropology, Childhood and Society deals with the relationships between childhood training and cultural accomplishment, analyzing the infantile and the mature, the modern and the archaic elements in human motivation. It was hailed upon its first publication as "a rare and living combination of European and American thought in the human sciences" (Margaret Mead, The American Scholar ). Translated into numerous foreign languages, it has gone on to become a classic in the study of the social significance of childhood.

Table of Contents

Foreword: Afterthoughts 1985	7	(14)
Foreword to the Second Edition
Foreword to the First Edition
PART ONE: Childhood and the Modalities of Social Life	21	(88)
Relevance and Relativity in the Case History	23	(25)
A Neurological Crisis in a Small Boy: Sam	25	(13)
A Combat Crisis in a Marine	38	(10)
The Theory of Infantile Sexuality	48	(61)
Two Clinical Episodes	48	(10)
Libido and Aggression	58	(14)
Zones, Modes, and Modalities	72	(25)
Mouth and Senses	72	(8)
Eliminative Organs and Musculature	80	(5)
Locomotion and the Genitals	85	(7)
Pregenitality and Genitality	92	(5)
Genital Modes and Spatial Modalities	97	(12)
PART TWO: Childhood in Two American Indian Tribes	109	(78)
Introduction to Part Two	111	(3)
Hunters Across the Prairie	114	(52)
The Historical Background	114	(6)
Jim	120	(4)
An Interracial Seminar	124	(9)
Sioux Child Training	133	(14)
Birth	133	(1)
Getting and Taking	134	(6)
Holding and Letting Go	140	(1)
``Making'' and Making	141	(6)
The Supernatural	147	(6)
The Sun Dance	147	(2)
Vision Quest	149	(4)
Summary	153	(4)
A Subsequent Study	157	(9)
Fishermen Along a Salmon River	166	(21)
The World of the Yurok	166	(5)
Yurok Child Psychiatry	171	(4)
Yurok Child Training	175	(5)
Comparative Summary	180	(7)
PART THREE: The Growth of the Ego	187	(88)
Introduction to Part Three	189	(6)
Early Ego Failure: Jean	195	(14)
Toys and Reasons	209	(38)
Play, Work, and Growth	209	(13)
Play and Cure	222	(13)
The Beginnings of Identity	235	(12)
Play and Milieu	235	(3)
Son of a Bombardier	238	(3)
Black Identity	241	(6)
Eight Ages of Man	247	(28)
Basic Trust vs. Basic Mistrust	247	(4)
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt	251	(4)
Initiative vs. Guilt	255	(3)
Industry vs. Inferiority	258	(3)
Identity vs. Role Confusion	261	(2)
Intimacy vs. Isolation	263	(3)
Generativity vs. Stagnation	266	(2)
Ego Integrity vs. Despair	268	(1)
An Epigenetic Chart	269	(6)
PART FOUR: Youth and the Evolution of Identity	275	(152)
Introduction to Part Four	277	(8)
Reflections on the American Identity	285	(41)
Polarities	285	(3)
``Mom''	288	(10)
John Henry	298	(8)
Adolescent, Boss, and Machine	306	(20)
The Legend of Hitler's Childhood	326	(33)
Germany	328	(2)
Father	330	(8)
Mother	338	(2)
Adolescent	340	(4)
Lebensraum, Soldier, Jew	344	(9)
A Note on Jewry	353	(6)
The Legend of Maxim Gorky's Youth	359	(44)
The Land and the Mir	361	(5)
The Mothers	366	(3)
Senile Despot and Cursed Breed	369	(10)
The Exploited	379	(14)
Saint and Beggar	379	(4)
The Stranger	383	(2)
Fatherless Gang and Legless Child	385	(3)
The Swaddled Baby	388	(5)
The Protestant	393	(10)
Conclusion: Beyond Anxiety	403	(24)
Published Writings of Erik H. Erikson	427	(6)
Index	433