The Chinese Hsinhai Revolution: G. E. Morrison and Anglo-Japanese Relations, 1897-1920

by Woodhouse,Eiko

• ISBN13: 9780415322621
• ISBN10: 0415322626
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2003-12-17
• Publisher: RoutledgeCurzon

Summary

This authoritative and original work throws new light upon international relations after the Russo-Japanese War by exploring for the first time the important role of G.E. Morrison. As an Australian correspondent forThe Timesliving in Peking and later as a political advisor to four presidents of the Chinese republic, Morrison's concern for Australian interests often placed him at odds with his employers and the British Government. In an era when British supremacy was being challenged in East Asia by the increasingly militant Japan, Morrison regarded himself as a watchdog for Australian national security. While the protection afforded to Britain under the Anglo-Japanese Alliance often meant that they turned a blind eye to Japanese activities in China, Morrison saw Australia's need to check the growing power of Japan as vitally important. By showing how Morrison worked both with and against power elites of different nations, this book traces how he managed to develop an effective personal diplomacyand a successful propaganda campaign which aroused international public attention. In addition to Morrison's diaries, memoranda, correspondence and articles inThe Times, Woodhouse examines multi-national scholarly sources, including British , Japanese and American personal and official materials, i order to develop the context in which Morrison carried out personal diplomacy and to delineate the many-sided story into which he has been placed. The centenary period of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance and the Russo-Japanese War provides an ideal backdrop against which to re-examine these events.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgements	vii
List of abbreviations	viii
Introduction	1	(1)
The rise of Japan	1	(1)
An Australian, Dr George Ernest Morrison	2	(1)
Morrison's early career	3	(3)
International relations in China, 1897--1905	6	(22)
The scramble for concessions, 1897--8, and the Boxer uprising, 1900	6	(4)
The First Anglo-Japanese Agreement of Alliance, 1902	10	(3)
The Russo-Japanese War, 1904--5, and the Second Anglo-Japanese Agreement of Alliance, 1905	13	(4)
Aftermath of the Russo-Japanese War, the Fakumen Railway incident and Morrison's 'hidden agenda'	17	(7)
The Sino-Japanese Agreement of 1909	24	(3)
Morrison's role in remoulding British public opinion against Japan	27	(1)
The outbreak of the revolution	28	(37)
The Hukuang Railway loans	28	(7)
Hukuang project involving Japan and Russia	35	(7)
The Szechuan uprising	42	(6)
The outbreak of the Hsinhai revolution	48	(6)
The powers' reaction to the outbreak	54	(4)
Morrison's involvement in the downfall of the Ch'ing dynasty	58	(7)
Morrison and Yuan Shih-kai	65	(25)
Morrison, Yuan Shih-kai and the Ch'ing dynasty	65	(7)
Yuan Shih-kai's scheme	72	(7)
Relations between Morrison and J. N. Jordan	79	(5)
Morrison and Yuan Shih-kai	84	(6)
Sino-Anglo-Japanese diplomacy	90	(18)
The truce	90	(5)
Morrison, the Regent, T'ang Shao-yi and Prince Ch'ing	95	(4)
Sino-Anglo-Japanese diplomacy	99	(9)
Morrison's personal diplomacy, 1911--12	108	(35)
The Shanghai Peace Conference	108	(4)
The first session of the peace conference	112	(7)
The second session of the peace conference	119	(7)
Morrison's personal diplomacy	126	(4)
Morrison's influence on Jordan, Yuan Shih-kai and T'ang Shao-yi	130	(6)
Morrison's influence on the British Foreign Office, Japanese diplomacy thwarted	136	(7)
The effect of Morrison's work	143	(21)
The Republic of China and its presidency	143	(7)
Morrison's involvement in Yuan Shih-kai's political intrigues	150	(6)
Morrison's co-operation with Yuan Shih-kai's final push for a republic: Britain's gain from the revolution and Japan's frustration	156	(8)
China after the Hsinhai revolution	164	(21)
Morrison becomes political adviser to Yuan Shih-kai	164	(2)
Foreign loans to the Republic of China	166	(7)
Morrison's propaganda campaign	173	(4)
The First World War	177	(5)
Morrison's wish for Australia's security, his death	182	(3)
Summary/conclusion	185	(5)
Epilogue	190	(3)
Notes	193	(50)
Bibliography	243	(18)
Index	261