Chiral Separations by Chromatography

by Ahuja, Satinder

• ISBN13: 9780841236318
• ISBN10: 0841236313
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-05-11
• Publisher: American Chemical Society

Summary

The primary focus of this book is on developing or selecting suitable chromatographic methods for chiral separations. A large number of examples are given to assist in this process, including thin-layer, gas, HPLC, supercritical fluid, capillary electrophoresis, and membrane separations. It provides information on stereochemistry, TLC, GLC, and CE separation methods and detection; explores the importance of preparative separations; and illustrates the stereoisomeric composition of chemical compounds of pharmaceutical significance. There is discussion of regulations and requirements as they apply to the development of pharmaceutical compounds, and a detailed section on HPLC methods.

Author Biography

Satinder Ahuja is the President of Ahuja Consulting.

Table of Contents

An Overview	3	(11)
Chirality and Biological Activity	3	(3)
Chiral Separations	6	(2)
Chiral Stationary Phases	8	(1)
Modern CSP Design	9	(1)
Preparative Separations	10	(1)
Regulatory Perspectives	11	(3)
Perspectives on Evaluation of Stereoisomers as Drug Candidates	14	(24)
Marketing Status of Single Isomers	16	(1)
Development of Single Enantiomers	16	(7)
Pharmacokinetics	23	(3)
Detoxification	26	(3)
Stability	29	(1)
Industrial Perspectives	30	(3)
Regulatory Guidelines	33	(5)
Review of Stereochemistry	38	(20)
Brief History	39	(1)
Stereoisomerism	40	(5)
Classification	45	(1)
Nomenclature	46	(2)
Resolution	48	(1)
Enantiopurity	49	(3)
Determination of Absolute Configuration	52	(6)
Separation Methods	58	(23)
Thin-Layer Chromatography	59	(4)
Gas Chromatography	63	(11)
High Pressure Liquid Chromatography	74	(2)
Supercritical Fluid Chromatography	76	(1)
Capillary Electrophoresis	77	(4)
Detection Methods	81	(11)
Detectors for TLC	81	(1)
Detectors for GC	82	(1)
Detectors for HPLC	83	(2)
Specific Detectors for Chiral Compounds	85	(7)
Desirable Features of Chiral Stationary Phases	92	(19)
Desirable Features	92	(4)
Types of CSPs	96	(12)
Comparison of Various CSPs	108	(3)
Understanding Chiral Chromatography	111	(17)
Enantioselective Interactions	111	(3)
Chromatographic Enantioselectivity	114	(6)
Inclusion	120	(2)
Transition Metal Complexes	122	(1)
Separations on Protein Columns	122	(3)
Molecular Modeling	125	(3)
Method Development	128	(17)
Stereoisomeric Interactions	128	(2)
Chromatographic Methods	130	(1)
Modes of Separation in HPLC	131	(1)
Chromatography of Diastereomeric Derivatives	132	(1)
Enantiomeric Resolution using Chiral Mobile-Phase Additives	132	(3)
Enantiomeric Resolution using Chiral Stationary Phases	135	(5)
Computerized Methods	140	(5)
Preparative Separations	145	(23)
Displacement Chromatography	146	(1)
Elution Chromatography	147	(21)
Method Selection and Selected Applications	168	(53)
Where to Start?	168	(1)
Study the Molecule	169	(1)
Which Method to Use?	170	(1)
High Pressure Liquid Chromatography	170	(38)
Gas Chromatography	208	(4)
Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC)	212	(2)
Capillary Electrophoresis (CE)	214	(2)
Comparative Separations	216	(5)
Appendix	221	(8)
Index	229