Cities and Regions as Self-Organizing Systems: Models of Complexity

by Allen,Peter M.

• ISBN13: 9789056990718
• ISBN10: 9056990713
• Format: Nonspecific Binding
• Copyright: 1997-12-01
• Publisher: Routledge

Table of Contents

Foreword	ix
Preface	xiii
Acknowledgements	xvii
Towards a Science of Complex Systems	1	(26)
Introduction	1	(2)
Determinism, Self-Organization and Evolution	3	(7)
Self-Organization in Physics and Chemistry	10	(5)
Stability, Resilience and Self-Organization	15	(2)
Key Ideas	17	(4)
Self-Organization in Human Systems	21	(6)
INTER-URBAN EVOLUTION
Dynamic Models of Urban Growth	27	(16)
The Urban System	27	(4)
A Simple Theoretical Model	31	(4)
Running the Model	35	(6)
Discussion	41	(2)
Urban Growth, Commuting and Regional Structure	43	(18)
An Improved Model	44	(4)
Simulations of the Urban Systems	48	(4)
Regional Structure -- Chance and Necessity	52	(7)
Discussion	59	(2)
Intervening in the System	61	(20)
Lifting Trade Barriers	61	(2)
Possible Histories -- 4 Experiments	63	(8)
Intervening in Regional Development	71	(5)
Multiple Possible Futures	76	(5)
CASE STUDIES AND FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS
Modelling the Long Term Structural Changes in the United States	81	(26)
Introduction	81	(1)
Structural Change in the USA	81	(4)
Modelling Migration Flows	85	(6)
Simulations 1950--80	91	(7)
Exploring Possible Futures	98	(2)
Possible Futures, Not Predictions	100	(7)
The Spatial Evolution of Jobs and People in Belgium	107	(24)
Introduction	107	(1)
The Variables of the Model	108	(3)
Modelling Employment	111	(5)
Modelling the Population	116	(1)
Calibration of the Model	117	(2)
Results	119	(5)
Discussion	124	(7)
The Senegal Model	131	(46)
Introduction	131	(2)
The Land	133	(5)
The Population	138	(2)
Economic Activities	140	(5)
The Dynamic Spatial Model	145	(2)
Modelling Migration Flows	147	(1)
Economic Demand	148	(3)
Modelling Employment Change	151	(2)
Productivity, Natural Resources and the Environment	153	(2)
SENSIM -- the Software	155	(5)
Policies, Interventions and Events	160	(11)
Further Improvements	171	(1)
Environment, Ecology and Development Policy	171	(6)
INTRA-URBAN EVOLUTION
A Simple Model of Intra-Urban Evolution	177	(16)
A Simple Urban Model	178	(3)
Some Simulation Results	181	(7)
Discussion	188	(5)
Towards Reality -- Brussaville	193	(10)
An Improved Model	193	(3)
Intervening in Development	196	(4)
Discussion	200	(3)
A Town Like Brussels	203	(18)
Further Improvements	203	(1)
Transportation Networks	204	(1)
The Evolution of City Structure	205	(4)
Policy and Decision Exploration	209	(8)
Discussion	217	(4)
POLICY EXPLORATION AND DECISION SUPPORT FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
An Integrated Framework for Exploring Sustainable Development	221	(6)
Linking Physical, Ecological and Human Variables	221	(2)
The Argolid Example	223	(4)
Self-Organizing Models in Urban and Regional Science	227	(24)
The Basis: Modelling Actors Decision Making	227	(5)
Nested Complexity - Multiscalar Organization	232	(4)
Multiscalar Modelling	236	(3)
A Link to System Dynamics	239	(1)
Decision Support -- Information and Evaluation	240	(1)
Urban Models -- State of the Art	241	(7)
Modelling as a Learning Process	248	(3)
Conclusions	251	(10)
Complex Systems and Microdiversity	251	(1)
Equilibrium, Dynamics and Change	252	(1)
Laisser Faire as a Policy	253	(2)
Urbanization and World Trade	255	(3)
Conclusions	258	(3)
Appendixes	261	(4)
References	265	(8)
Index	273