Civilians and War in Europe 1618-1815

by Charters, Erica; Rosenhaft, Eve; Smith, Hannah

• ISBN13: 9781846317118
• ISBN10: 1846317118
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2012-04-15
• Publisher: Liverpool University Press

Summary

Civilians and War in Europe 1618-1815 examines the relationship between civilians and warfare from the start of the Thirty Years War to the end of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. The volume interrogates received narratives of warfare that identify the development of modern 'total' war with the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, and instead considers the continuities and transformations in warfare over the course of two hundred years. The contributors examine prisoners of war, the cultures of plunder, the tensions of billeting, and war-time atrocities throughout England, France, Spain, and the German territories. They also explore the legal practices surrounding the conduct and aftermath of war; representations of civilians, soldiers, and militias; and the philosophical underpinnings of warfare. They probe what it meant to be a civilian in territories beset by invasion and civil war or in times when 'peace' at home was accompanied by almost continuous military engagement abroad. Their accounts show us civilians not only as anguished sufferers, but also directly involved with war: fighting back with shocking violence, profiting from war-time needs, and negotiating for material and social redress. And they show us individuals and societies coming to terms with the moral and political challenges posed by the business of drawing lines between 'civilians' and 'soldiers'. With contributors drawn from the fields of political and legal theory, literature and the visual arts, and military, political, social, and cultural history, this volume will appeal to all those with an interest in the history of warfare and the evolution of the idea of the civilian.

Author Biography

Erica Charters is a University Lecturer in the History of Medicine, University of Oxford. Eve Rosenhaft is Professor of German Historical Studies and Director of the Eighteenth-Century Worlds Research Centre, University of Liverpool. Hannah Smith is Tutorial Fellow and University Lecturer in History, St. Hilda's College, University of Oxford.

Table of Contents

List of Contributors	p. vii
Acknowledgements	p. x
List of Illustrations	p. xii
List of Abbreviations	p. xiv
Introduction	p. 1
Suffering, Reconciliation and Values in the Seventeenth Century
Was the Thirty Years War a 'Total War'?	p. 21
Grotius and the Civilian	p. 36
War, Property and the Bonds of Society: England's æUnnatural' Civil Wars	p. 52
Transitional Justice Theory and Reconciling Civil War Division in English Society, circa 1660-1670	p. 68
The State, Soldiers and Civilians
The Administration of War and French Prisoners of War in Britain, 1756-1763	p. 87
Civilians, the French Army and Military Justice during the Reign of Louis XIV, circa 1640-1715	p. 100
Restricted Violence? Military Occupation during the Eighteenth Century	p. 118
British Soldiers at Home: The Civilian Experience in Wartime, 1740-1783	p. 129
Who is a Civilian? Who is a Soldier?
Conflicted Identities: Soldiers, Civilians and the Representation of War	p. 147
'Turning Out for Twenty-Days Amusement': The Militia in Georgian Satirical Prints	p. 157
Insurgents and Counter-Insurgents between Military and Civil Society from the 1790s to 1815	p. 182
Contradictions of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars
The Limits of Conflict in Napoleonic Europe - And Their Transgression	p. 201
Plunder on the Peninsula: British Soldiers and Local Civilians during the Peninsular War, 1808-1813	p. 209
Invasion and Occupation: Civilian-Military Relations in Central Europe during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars	p. 225
Imprisoned Reading: French Prisoners of War at the Selkirk Subscription Library, 1811-1814	p. 241
Bibliography	p. 262
Index	p. 291
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