Clash of Empires: Europe 1498–1560

by Martin D. W. Jones

• ISBN13: 9780521595032
• ISBN10: 0521595037
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2000-12-11
• Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Summary

Clash of Empires presents an introduction to European history in the first half of the sixteenth century. Europe was riven by religious revolt as the emerging forces of Protestantism challenged the common teachings of Catholicism. Peace was shattered repeatedly and the Ottoman Empire, struggled for dominance and territory. The continent was further destabilised as an increase in population, food crises, falling wages and growing urbanisation undermined traditional social and economic structures. Clash of Empires is part of the Cambridge Perspectives in History series. The book matches the requirements of the OCR examination specifications. It is suitable for all Advanced Subsidiary (AS) students, as well as students and undergraduates needing an introduction to the period. It also contains a document study section on the German Reformation.

Table of Contents

The Holy Roman Empire 1517-59	1	(37)
How and why did Charles V's political relations with his German subjects change?	5	(9)
In what ways, and with what consequences, did the German economy and society change during the period 1517-59?	14	(5)
Why was Germany divided by the Protestant Reformation?	19	(8)
Why, and with what results for the Holy Roman Empire, was Charles V at war for so much of his rule?	27	(11)
Spain 1504-56	38	(27)
How united was Spain in 1516?	40	(5)
How strong was Spain's economy by 1556?	45	(5)
How successful was Spanish foreign policy between 1504 and 1556?	50	(10)
How successful was Charles I as king of Spain?	60	(5)
France 1498--1559	65	(27)
What political and financial problems faced French monarchs between 1515 and 1559?	67	(7)
How absolute was Francis I?	74	(4)
What religious issues and problems faced the French church from 1498 to 1547?	78	(4)
How successful was France in the Habsburg-Valois Wars of 1499 to 1559?	82	(10)
Warfare 1499--1560	92	(28)
What were the main developments in military technology between 1499 and 1560?	96	(4)
How did changes in tactics influence the course of the Habsburg-Valois Wars?	100	(5)
How far did an increase in the size of armies affect the role of mercenaries and the development of standing armies during this period?	105	(10)
What evidence is there that a `military revolution' occurred during this period?	115	(5)
Document study: The German Reformation 1517--30	120	(47)
What were Luther's main ideas?	123	(11)
How did the authorities react to Luther's ideas 1517--21?	134	(3)
What was the impact of Lutheranism in Germany from 1517 to 1530?	137	(19)
Document study: What were Luther's main ideas?	156	(3)
Document study: How did the authorities react to Luther's ideas 1517--21?	159	(3)
Document study: What was the impact of Lutheranism in Germany from 1517 to 1530?	162	(5)
Further reading	167	(2)
Index	169