Clinical Applications of Continuous Performance Tests : Measuring Attention and Impulsive Responding in Children and Adults

by Riccio, Cynthia A.; Reynolds, Cecil R.; Lowe, Patricia A.

• ISBN13: 9780471380320
• ISBN10: 0471380326
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2001-04-19
• Publisher: Wiley

Summary

This is the first book to describe and evaluate the clinical applications of Continuous Performance Test techniques, which are used to diagnose and monitor treatment of children and adults with Attention Deficit Disorders.

Author Biography

CYNTHIA A. RICCIO, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.

Table of Contents

Foreword	vii
Preface	xi
Neurobiology of Attention and Executive Control	1	(16)
Attention and Executive Control	2	(3)
Neuropsychological Models of Attention	5	(8)
Neurochemical Basis of Attention	11	(1)
Asymmetry of Attention	12	(1)
Neuropsychological Models of Executive Control	13	(1)
Developmental Issues	14	(1)
Summary	15	(2)
Continuous Performance Test Paradigms and What They Do	17	(38)
The Original CPT Paradigm	18	(1)
Modifications of the Original Paradigm	19	(23)
Effects of Differences in CPT Parameters	42	(3)
Other Factors Known to Influence CPT Performance	45	(3)
Scores Reported for the CPT	48	(6)
Summary	54	(1)
Major CPTs in Clinical Use: Configuration, Use, and Technical Adequacy	55	(52)
Task Demands and Descriptive Information	64	(7)
The Conners' Continuous Performance Test	64	(1)
Gordon Diagnostic System	65	(2)
Integrated (or Intermediate) Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test	67	(2)
Test of Variables of Attention	69	(2)
Adequacy of Normative Data	71	(8)
Conners' CPT	72	(2)
GDS	74	(2)
IVA	76	(1)
TOVA and TOVA-A	77	(1)
Summary	78	(1)
CPT Score Formats and Tables	79	(10)
Conners' CPT	86	(1)
GDS	87	(1)
IVA	88	(1)
TOVA and TOVA-A	88	(1)
Interpretive Guidance	89	(3)
Conners' CPT	90	(1)
GDS	90	(1)
IVA	90	(1)
TOVA and TOVA-A	91	(1)
Reliability and Validity Studies	92	(10)
Conners' CPT	98	(1)
GDS	99	(1)
IVA	100	(1)
TOVA and TOVA-A	101	(1)
Discussion and Conclusion	102	(5)
The Relationship of CPTs to Other Cognitive and Behavioral Measures	107	(52)
Construct Validity	109	(46)
Relations with Other Measures	119	(1)
Cognitive Measures	119	(8)
Achievement	127	(4)
Memory and Learning	131	(3)
Behavior Rating Scales	134	(12)
Personality and Symptom Presentation in Adults	146	(6)
Other Measures	152	(3)
Summary	155	(4)
Brain-Behavior Correlates of CPT Scores	159	(31)
Support for CPT Performance as Reflecting CNS Dysfunction	160	(28)
Effects of Diffuse Damage	162	(7)
Anterior-Posterior Gradient	169	(11)
Differential Response to Target Stimuli	180	(2)
Asymmetry	182	(2)
Neural Substrates of CPT Performance and Psychopathology	184	(1)
Effects of Task Variations on Neurophysiological Correlates	185	(2)
Association with Demographic Variables	187	(1)
Summary	188	(2)
Diagnostic Efficacy of CPTs for Disorders Usually First Evident in Childhood or Adolescence	190	(43)
Sensitivity and Specificity	191	(1)
Differential Group Performance	192	(37)
CPTs and ADHD	193	(2)
ADHD-LD Comparisons	195	(2)
ADHD-Conduct Disorder Comparisons	197	(1)
ADHD and Other Group Comparisons	198	(1)
CPTs and LD	198	(1)
Schizophrenia, High Risk for Schizophrenia, and CPTs	199	(1)
Schizophrenia	199	(1)
Parental Schizophrenia	200	(1)
CPTs and CD	201	(1)
CPTs and Tourette's Syndrome	202	(1)
CPTs and Other Groups	203	(26)
Summary and Conclusions	229	(4)
Diagnostic Efficacy of CPTs for Disorders in Adulthood	233	(25)
CPTs and Adult ADHD	234	(1)
CPTs and Adult Schizophrenia	235	(3)
Age and Medication Effects	236	(1)
Familial Schizophrenia	237	(1)
Active Schizophrenia and Cases in Remission	237	(1)
Comparison with Other Groups	238	(1)
Summary	238	(1)
CPTs and Bipolar Disorder	238	(1)
CPTs and the Dementias	239	(1)
CPTs and TBI in Adults	240	(1)
CPTs and Environmental Neurotoxic Exposure	241	(1)
CPTs and Renal Disease	242	(1)
CPTs and Other Groups	243	(13)
Summary	256	(2)
Monitoring Medication Effects with Continuous Performance Tests	258	(33)
Psychostimulants	260	(13)
Antidepressants	273	(2)
Tricyclics	273	(1)
MAOIs	274	(1)
Atypical Antidepressants	275	(1)
SSRIs	275	(1)
Neuroleptic Medications	275	(5)
Antianxiety (Anxiolytic) and Antihypertensive Medications	280	(2)
Anxiolytics	280	(1)
Antihypertensives	281	(1)
Anticonvulsants/Antiepileptics	282	(2)
Other Medications	284	(2)
Lithium	284	(1)
Analgesics	285	(1)
Nootropics	285	(1)
Antihistamines and Asthma Medications	285	(1)
Studies with Leisure Drugs, Caffeine, Nicotine, or High Sugars	286	(2)
Caffeine and Nicotine	286	(2)
Sugars and Carbohydrates	288	(1)
Summary	288	(3)
CPTs in Monitoring Effectiveness of Other Treatment Approaches	291	(15)
Status of Empirical Support for Treatment Programs	293	(10)
CPTs as a Pre-/Postindex of Effectiveness	294	(5)
Other Outcome Measures	299	(4)
Summary	303	(3)
Where Do We Go from Here?	306	(9)
Will the Real CPT Please Stand Up?	307	(1)
Standardization of Administration	308	(1)
Technical Adequacy	309	(2)
Sensitivity and Specificity	311	(1)
Why Use the CPT?	311	(2)
Where To from Here?	313	(2)
References	315	(60)
About the Authors	375	(3)
Author Index	378	(9)
Subject Index	387