Coastal and Ocean Management Law in a Nutshell

by Christie

• ISBN13: 9780314233066
• ISBN10: 0314233067
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1999-05-01
• Publisher: West Group

Summary

Coastal management law comprises aspects of property law, land use regulation, water law, natural resources law, constitutional law, federal and state statutory law, and international law in the special context of the coastal environment. This Nutshell serves as an introduction to U.S. coastal and ocean management law or as an effective refresher for both law students and practitioners.

Table of Contents

Table of Cases	xi
Introduction	1	(7)
Public and Private Rights in the Coastal Zone	8	(34)
Ownership of Land Under Navigable Waters	8	(3)
The Boundary Between Public and Private Lands	11	(3)
Ambulatory Boundaries	14	(5)
The Significance of Public Ownership	19	(12)
The Public Trust Doctrine	19	(2)
The Geographic Scope of the Public Trust Doctrine	21	(4)
Divestment of Public Trust Lands	25	(6)
Rights of Riparian or Littoral Owners	31	(11)
The Scope of Riparian or Littoral Rights	31	(6)
Limits on Riparian Rights---The Navigation Servitude	37	(5)
Public Access to Beaches and Shores	42	(17)
Common Law Theories for Beach Access	42	(3)
Public Easements by Prescription	43	(2)
Common Law Theories for Beach Access---Continued
Implied Dedication	45	(2)
Customary Use	47	(2)
The Public Trust Doctrine	49	(2)
Statutory and Regulatory Access Requirements	51	(1)
The Nature of a Public Easement	52	(2)
Public Beach Access and Takings Jurisprudence	54	(5)
Protection of Existing Public Beach Access	54	(2)
Beach Access Conditions on Development Permits	56	(3)
Management of Coastal Resources	59	(61)
Coastal Zone Management	59	(13)
Framework of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972	59	(4)
Development and Approval of State Programs	63	(4)
Operation of the CZMA	67	(1)
Programmatic Approaches	67	(1)
Coastal Zone Boundaries	68	(2)
The CZMA and the Commerce Clause	70	(2)
Intergovernmental Cooperation and the CZMA---The Federal Consistency Requirement	72	(16)
Effects Triggering Consistency Review	77	(2)
Interstate Consistency	79	(1)
Federal License or Permit	80	(1)
Maximum Extent Practicable	80	(2)
Positive Consistency	82	(2)
Appealing Consistency Determinations	84	(4)
Regulation of Coastal Development	88	(10)
Limiting Infrastructure Funding	89	(2)
Coastal Construction Regulation	91	(7)
Protecting Coastal Wetlands	98	(7)
Coastal Management and the Takings Issue	105	(15)
Coastal Construction Regulation	111	(5)
Wetlands Regulation	116	(4)
Offshore Resource Management	120	(126)
The Tidelands Controversy and the Submerged Lands Act	120	(9)
Oil and Gas Development of the Outer Continental Shelf	129	(22)
The OCSLA Leasing and Development Program	131	(1)
The Five--Year Lease Program	131	(4)
The Lease Sale	135	(12)
Exploraiton and Development Plans	147	(2)
OCS Revenue Sharing	149	(2)
Marine Minerals Mining	151	(5)
OCS Hard Mineral Mining	151	(3)
Deep Seabed Hard Mineral Resources	154	(2)
Historic Preservation and Marine Salvage	156	(15)
Background	156	(8)
The Abandoned Shipwreck Act of 1987	164	(7)
Management of Special Marine Areas---National Marine Sanctuaries	171	(4)
Management of Fishery Resources	175	(22)
Historical Background of State Fisheries Management	175	(3)
Federal Fisheries Management	178	(8)
State Management After Enactment of The MSFCMA	186	(1)
Interpretation of ``Registered''	187	(2)
Federal Preemption	189	(3)
Other Constitutional Challenges	192	(4)
Enforcement Issues	196	(1)
Management of Protected and Endangered Marine Species	197	(49)
Whales	197	(1)
Background	197	(1)
The 1946 International Whaling Convention	198	(5)
United States' Enforcement of the International Whaling Convention	203	(8)
Other United States Actions to Protect Whales	211	(1)
Marine Mammal Protection	211	(1)
The Marine Mammal Protection Act	211	(7)
Marine Mammal--Fisheries Interactions	218	(1)
The Tuna--Dolphin Controversy	218	(4)
Incidental Taking in Other Commercial Fisheries	222	(3)
High Seas Driftnet Fisheries	225	(2)
The Endangered Species Act	227	(10)
Protected Marine Species and Gatt	237	(9)
Pollution and the Marine Environment	246	(60)
Oil Pollution and Oil Spills	249	(41)
The International Regime	249	(7)
Domestic Oil Pollution Regulation	256	(1)
Prohibitions and Enforcement Under the Clean Water Act Section 311	257	(8)
Liability for Clean Up Costs and Damages	265	(1)
Traditional Maritime Tort and Common Law Remedies	265	(3)
The Oil Pollution Act of 1990	268	(12)
Which Law?	280	(8)
Pollution Prevention and Spill Response	288	(2)
Ocean Dumping	290	(8)
Persistent Marine Debris---Plastics	298	(3)
Point Source Discharges From Land and Offshore Facilities	301	(2)
Pollution From Other Land--Based Activities	303	(3)
Domestic Ocean Policy and the Law of the Sea	306	(79)
The Current Context of the Law of the Sea	306	(7)
The Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zone	313	(16)
Baselines	317	(4)
Rights and Duties of Coastal Nations---Navigation	321	(8)
The Continental Shelf	329	(4)
Fishery Zones and Exclusive Economic Zones	333	(4)
The High Seas	337	(4)
The International Seabed Area	341	(7)
The International Seabed Regime of the Los Convention	342	(2)
The United States Objections and the Implementing Agreement	344	(3)
The Seabed Provisions and the Future of the Los Convention	347	(1)
Maritime Boundary Delimitation	348	(16)
Background	348	(6)
United States Maritime Boundaries	354	(1)
Cuba--United States Boundary	355	(1)
Mexico--United States Boundaries	355	(1)
Soviet Union (Russia)-United States Boundary	356	(2)
U.S. Possessions and Territories	358	(1)
United States--Canada Boundary in the Gulf of Maine	358	(6)
Marine Scientific Research	364	(7)
Dispute Resolution in the LOS Convention	371	(4)
Marine Fisheries---The Failure of Fisheries Management	375	(10)
High Seas Fisheries for Migratory and Straddling Fish Stocks	378	(2)
EEZ Fisheries Management	380	(5)
Index	385