Cognitive Linguistics An Introduction

by Lee, David

• ISBN13: 9780195514247
• ISBN10: 0195514246
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-02-07
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

Cognitive linguistics is a relatively new theory of language that challenges many of the basic assumptions of traditional approaches. Drawing on his long-standing interest in the relationship between language and perspective, Lee here sets out to make the theory accessible to readers who have no prior training in the discipline.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
Acknowledgments	xiii
Basic Concepts	1	(17)
Introduction	1	(1)
Construal	2	(1)
Perspective	2	(2)
Foregrounding	4	(2)
Metaphor	6	(2)
Frame	8	(4)
Conclusion	12	(6)
Exercises	12	(4)
Further reading	16	(1)
Notes	17	(1)
Space	18	(12)
Introduction	18	(1)
Example: in	19	(2)
Example: on	21	(2)
Example: at	23	(1)
Construal of objects and spatial relationships	24	(3)
Conclusion	27	(3)
Exercises	28	(1)
Further reading	29	(1)
Notes	29	(1)
Extensions from Spatial Meanings	30	(23)
Introduction	30	(1)
Example: out	31	(3)
Puzzle: fill in and fill out	34	(2)
Example: up	36	(2)
Puzzle: hunt up and hunt down	38	(1)
Puzzle: speak up and speak out	38	(1)
A case study: through	39	(9)
Impact on landmark	40	(1)
Landmark as obstacle	41	(1)
Achievement	42	(1)
Landmark as instrument	42	(1)
Causatives and resultatives	43	(1)
Subjectification	44	(1)
Basic temporal uses	45	(2)
Landmark as ordeal	47	(1)
Conclusion	48	(5)
Exercises	49	(2)
Further reading	51	(1)
Notes	52	(1)
Radial Categories	53	(17)
Introduction	53	(1)
Example: the suffix -able	54	(1)
Example: past tense	55	(3)
Counterfactuality	55	(2)
Politeness	57	(1)
Attribute radiality	58	(4)
Example: strong	58	(3)
Example: good	61	(1)
Process radiality	62	(3)
Example: climb	62	(1)
Example: turn	63	(2)
Thing radiality	65	(1)
Conclusion	66	(4)
Exercises	67	(1)
Further reading	68	(1)
Notes	69	(1)
Constructions	70	(27)
Combining words and phrases	70	(2)
Combining frames	72	(2)
Constructional meaning	74	(2)
Constraints on generalisation in child language	76	(1)
Naturalness and grammaticality	76	(1)
Iconicity	77	(1)
Raising constructions	78	(6)
Object-raising	78	(4)
Subject-raising	82	(2)
The caused-motion construction	84	(6)
Distributional patterns	84	(2)
Conditions of use	86	(3)
Radial network of the caused-motion construction	89	(1)
Constructional distribution of verbs of removal	90	(3)
Conclusion	93	(4)
Exercises	94	(2)
Further reading	96	(1)
Notes	96	(1)
Mental Spaces	97	(19)
Introduction	97	(1)
Apparent semantic anomalies	98	(3)
Referential ambiguities	101	(4)
Tense and mood	105	(1)
Change predicates	106	(4)
Reflexives	110	(3)
Conclusion	113	(3)
Exercises	113	(1)
Further reading	114	(1)
Notes	115	(1)
Language Change	116	(21)
Introduction	116	(1)
Example: soon	117	(2)
Example: still	119	(4)
Example: may, can	123	(6)
may and can in Modern English	123	(1)
Historical development of may and can	124	(4)
Deontic meanings	128	(1)
Example: will and be going to	129	(2)
Conclusion	131	(6)
Exercises	131	(4)
Further reading	135	(1)
Notes	136	(1)
Count and Mass Nouns	137	(10)
Introduction	137	(1)
Count and mass phenomena	138	(4)
Nouns lacking a singular form	142	(1)
Nouns with identical singular and plural forms	143	(1)
Conclusion	144	(3)
Exercises	145	(1)
Further reading	146	(1)
Notes	146	(1)
Perfective and Imperfective Uses of Verbs	147	(10)
Introduction	147	(2)
Progressive aspect	149	(1)
Simple present tense on perfective verbs	150	(2)
Simple present tense on imperfective verbs	152	(1)
Conclusion	153	(4)
Exercises	154	(1)
Further reading	155	(1)
Notes	156	(1)
Causation and Agency	157	(13)
Introduction	157	(1)
Causation in English	158	(5)
Causation in Japanese	163	(3)
Conclusion	166	(4)
Exercises	167	(2)
Further reading	169	(1)
Cognitive Linguistics and Discourse Analysis	170	(13)
Introduction	170	(1)
Frames	171	(4)
Radial categories	175	(4)
Example: leave	175	(2)
Example: you	177	(1)
Example: warn	177	(1)
Example: live	178	(1)
Conclusion	179	(4)
Exercises	180	(1)
Further reading	181	(1)
Notes	182	(1)
Constructivist Processes in Discourse	183	(15)
Introduction	183	(1)
Constructivism	183	(1)
Prototype theory and constructivism	184	(2)
Constructive categorisation in conversation	186	(1)
The construction of agency	187	(4)
Counterdiscourses	191	(3)
Conclusion	194	(4)
Exercises	194	(2)
Further reading	196	(1)
Notes	197	(1)
Creativity and the Nature of Meaning	198	(13)
Introduction	198	(2)
Mental spaces	200	(2)
Radiality	202	(1)
Frames	203	(2)
The nature of meaning	205	(3)
Conclusion	208	(3)
Exercises	209	(1)
Further reading	210	(1)
Appendix: Transcript of Family Argument	211	(6)
References	217	(5)
Index	222