The Collection Program in Schools

by Van Orden, Phyllis

• ISBN13: 9781563088049
• ISBN10: 1563088045
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2001-12-01
• Publisher: Libraries Unltd Inc

Summary

Updated to cover the latest opportunities and complexities posed by new technologies, this guide gives readers a comprehensive overview of the processes and procedures of developing, maintaining, and evaluating a collection at the building level. After describing the environment within which the collection exists, the authors present principles, techniques, and common practices of collection development. They discuss the issues that affect all collections, but must be resolved in accordance with the needs and goals of a particular collection, suggesting approaches to handling a wide range of situations and demands. Sources of support, including documents, agencies, associations, and Web sites, are also identified. In this edition, Van Orden and Bishop cover copyright (fair use) issues and Internet (acceptable use) policies in greater detail. They also address developing technologies (such as e-books, web sites and virtual libraries) in terms of their impact on information access, resource sharing, a

Author Biography

PHYLLIS J. VAN ORDEN, a consultant, is former Director, Graduate School of Library and Information Science, University of Washington, Seattle. She was named a Lillian Bradshaw Scholar at Texas Woman's University and has received the Blackwell North America Scholarship Award.KAY BISHOP is Associate Director, School of Library and Information Science, University of South Florida, Tampa.

Table of Contents

List of Figures and Tables	xv
Authors' Comments	xvii
Introduction	xix
Part I The Setting
The Media Program and Its Environment	3	(8)
A Media Program Scenario	3	(2)
Environment of the Media Program	5	(1)
Learner and Media Program	5	(1)
Role of the Collection	6	(1)
Role of the Media Specialist	7	(1)
Conclusions	8	(1)
Notes	8	(1)
References	8	(1)
Additional Readings	8	(1)
Electronic Resources	9	(2)
The Collection	11	(12)
Accessibility and Availability	13	(1)
Physical Entity	13	(2)
Materials	15	(1)
Purposes	16	(1)
School Goals and Program Needs	16	(1)
Informational, Instructional, and Personal Needs	17	(1)
Physical and Intellectual Access	17	(1)
Community Resources	18	(1)
Relationships and Influences	18	(4)
Building Level	18	(2)
District Level	20	(1)
State Level	21	(1)
Regional Level	21	(1)
National Level	21	(1)
Global Level	22	(1)
Conclusions	22	(1)
Notes	22	(1)
The Collection Program	23	(12)
Collection Program Activities	24	(6)
Learning About an Existing Collection	24	(1)
Knowing the Community	25	(1)
Assessing Need	26	(1)
Developing Collections	26	(1)
Selecting	26	(1)
Resource Sharing	27	(1)
Acquiring	28	(1)
Maintaining	28	(1)
Establishing Plans for Evaluation	29	(1)
Interaction of the Activities	29	(1)
Factors That Govern Collection Activities	30	(3)
District Media Program	31	(1)
Financial Support and Control	31	(1)
School Facilities	32	(1)
Conclusions	33	(2)
Issues and Responsibilities	35	(24)
Children's Rights	36	(5)
First Amendment Rights	36	(5)
Media Specialist: Protector or Advocate?	41	(1)
Selection and Censorship	41	(5)
Elements of Censorship	42	(3)
Internet and Censorship	45	(1)
Access to Information	46	(5)
Professional Responsibilities	46	(1)
Intellectual Access and Balance	47	(2)
Barriers to Access	49	(2)
Scenarios	51	(1)
Conclusions	52	(1)
Note	52	(1)
References	52	(1)
Additional Readings	53	(3)
Censorship/Intellectual Freedom	53	(2)
Copyright	55	(1)
Inequality of Access	55	(1)
Students' Rights	55	(1)
Electronic Sources	56	(3)
Censorship/Intellectual Freedom	56	(1)
Copyright	57	(1)
Students' Rights	58	(1)
The Collection's External Environment	59	(18)
Learning About the Community	60	(3)
Demographics	60	(2)
Students' Personal Lives	62	(1)
Community Opportunities and Constraints	63	(1)
Community Resources	63	(3)
Organizations	63	(1)
Community Members	64	(1)
Libraries and Information Centers	65	(1)
Educational Experiences	66	(1)
The School District	66	(3)
School Board and Administrators	67	(1)
Teachers' Organizations and Unions	68	(1)
District Services	68	(1)
The Region and State	69	(3)
The Global Community	72	(1)
Conclusions	72	(1)
References	73	(1)
Electronic Resources	74	(3)
Policies and Procedures	77	(20)
Policy Versus Procedure Statements	78	(1)
Value of Written Statements	79	(1)
Policy Formulation and Adoption Process	79	(3)
Collection Development Policy	82	(6)
Introduction	83	(2)
General Collection Policies	85	(1)
Subject Collections	86	(1)
Conspectus Approach or Narrative Statement	87	(1)
Special Collections	88	(1)
Indexes	88	(1)
Acquisition Policy	88	(1)
Selection Policy	89	(1)
Requests for Reconsideration of Materials	89	(1)
Evaluation Policy	89	(1)
Copyright Policy	90	(1)
Acceptable Use Policy	91	(2)
Conclusions	93	(1)
References	93	(1)
Additional Readings	94	(1)
Electronic Resources	95	(2)
Selection and Requests for Reconsideration	97	(18)
Formulating Selection Policies	97	(1)
State-Required Statements	98	(1)
Elements of a Selection Policy	98	(6)
Statement of Philosophy	98	(1)
Selection Objectives	99	(2)
Responsibility for Selection	101	(1)
Selection Criteria	101	(1)
Position on Intellectual Freedom	102	(1)
Other Elements	103	(1)
Other Situations	104	(1)
Sources of Assistance	104	(1)
Requests for Reconsideration of Materials	104	(4)
Statement of Philosophy	106	(1)
Handling Complaints	106	(2)
Conclusions	108	(1)
References	109	(1)
Additional Readings	110	(1)
Electronic Resources	110	(5)
Part II Selection of Materials
Selection Procedures	115	(18)
Overview of the Selection Process	115	(1)
Sources of Information About Materials	116	(8)
Bibliographic Tools	116	(2)
Selection Tools	118	(4)
Relying on Reviewing Media	122	(2)
Other Sources of Information	124	(1)
Personal Examination	124	(1)
Previewing	124	(1)
Exhibits	125	(1)
Examination Centers	125	(1)
Involving Others in Selection	125	(5)
Teachers	126	(3)
Students	129	(1)
Conclusions	130	(1)
Note	130	(1)
References	131	(2)
General Selection Criteria	133	(14)
Intellectual Content and Its Presentation	134	(5)
Authority	134	(1)
Appropriateness of Content to Users	134	(1)
Scope	134	(1)
Accuracy	135	(1)
Treatment	135	(1)
Arrangement and Organization	135	(1)
Literary Merit	136	(1)
Materials Available on the Subject	136	(1)
Durability of Information	137	(1)
Reputation of Author, Artist, or Producer	137	(1)
Instructional Design	137	(1)
Special Features	138	(1)
Value to the Collection	138	(1)
Other Considerations	138	(1)
Physical Form	139	(3)
Technical Quality	140	(1)
Aesthetic Quality	141	(1)
Safety and Health Considerations	141	(1)
Other Considerations	141	(1)
Equipment	142	(4)
Ease of Use	142	(2)
Performance, Compatibility, and Versatility	144	(1)
Safety	144	(1)
Maintenance and Service	144	(1)
Reliability of Dealer, Vendor, Publisher, and Manufacturer	145	(1)
Cost	145	(1)
Source of Information	146	(1)
Conclusions	146	(1)
References	146	(1)
Criteria by Format	147	(42)
Conclusions	186	(1)
References	186	(1)
Additional Readings	187	(1)
Electronic Resources	187	(2)
Educational Perspectives	189	(18)
The School's Purpose	190	(1)
Approaches to Education	190	(4)
Academic	192	(1)
Personal	193	(1)
Social	193	(1)
The Curriculum	194	(1)
Teaching Models	195	(4)
Support Systems	196	(1)
Group Investigation	197	(1)
Advance Organizers	198	(1)
Simulation	198	(1)
Special Programs	199	(1)
Distribution of Learning Materials	200	(1)
Range of Course Offerings	200	(1)
Implications for the Collection	201	(2)
Conclusions	203	(1)
References	204	(1)
Additional Readings	204	(2)
Electronic Resources	206	(1)
Individuals and Groups	207	(18)
Staff Members	207	(1)
Literature and Genre Materials	208	(3)
Specific Subject Areas	210	(1)
Professional Development	211	(1)
Reference Services	211	(1)
Multicultural	212	(1)
Poor, Reluctant, and ESL Readers	213	(2)
People with Disabilities	215	(4)
Multiple Disabilities	215	(2)
Visual Impairment	217	(1)
Deafness or Hearing Impairment	218	(1)
Conclusions	219	(1)
References	219	(1)
Additional Readings	219	(2)
Electronic Resources	221	(4)
Part III Administrative Concerns
Acquiring Materials	225	(16)
Policies and Procedures	226	(1)
Distribution Systems	227	(4)
Jobbers	227	(4)
Acquisition Activities	231	(7)
Preorder Work	232	(3)
Ordering	235	(1)
Receiving	236	(1)
Processing	236	(1)
Record Keeping	237	(1)
Relationships	237	(1)
Conclusions	238	(1)
References	238	(1)
Additional Readings	238	(3)
Fiscal and Access Issues	241	(18)
Fiscal Matters	241	(4)
Licensing	242	(1)
Alternative Funding	243	(2)
Electronic Access Issues	245	(8)
The Internet	245	(1)
Media Center Websites	246	(1)
Online Catalogs	247	(2)
Virtual Library	249	(1)
Resource Sharing	250	(3)
Conclusions	253	(1)
Note	254	(1)
References	254	(1)
Additional Readings	255	(1)
Electronic Resources	256	(3)
Licensing	257	(1)
Internet	257	(2)
Maintaining the Collection	259	(16)
Maintenance Policies	259	(3)
Establishing Procedures	262	(3)
Emergency Planning and Security	263	(1)
Preventive Maintenance	263	(2)
Inventory and Reevaluation of Items	265	(7)
Benefits of Discarding Items	266	(1)
Why People Don't Weed	267	(1)
Criteria for Weeding	267	(2)
Exceptions	269	(1)
Case Study	270	(1)
Involving Others	271	(1)
Disposal of Discarded Materials	272	(1)
Conclusions	272	(1)
Note	273	(1)
References	273	(1)
Additional Readings	273	(1)
Electronic Resources	274	(1)
Evaluating the Collection	275	(24)
Why Evaluate?	276	(1)
Evaluation and Measurement	277	(1)
Barriers to Evaluation	278	(1)
Techniques for Measuring Collections	278	(1)
Collection-Centered Measures	279	(10)
Checking Lists, Catalogs, and Bibliographies	279	(1)
Examining the Collection Directly	280	(3)
Age Analysis	283	(1)
Compiling Comparative Statistics	284	(3)
Applying Standards	287	(2)
Use-Centered Measures	289	(5)
Circulation Studies	289	(1)
In-House Use Studies	290	(1)
User Opinion Surveys	291	(1)
Shelf-Availability Studies	292	(1)
Interlibrary Loan Statistics Analysis	293	(1)
Simulated-Use Studies	294	(2)
Citation Studies	294	(1)
Document Delivery Tests	295	(1)
Combination of Measures Studies	296	(1)
Conclusions	296	(1)
References	296	(1)
Additional Readings	297	(1)
Electronic Resources	298	(1)
Creating, Shifting, and Closing Collections	299	(6)
Creating Collections	299	(1)
Shifting and Moving Collections	300	(1)
Closing Collections	301	(1)
Conclusions	302	(1)
Additional Readings	302	(1)
Electronic Resources	303	(2)
Postscript	305	(2)
Appendix A: Agencies, Associations, and Suppliers	307	(28)
Appendix B: Resources	335	(26)
Appendix C: Statements on People's Rights	361	(4)
Bibliography	365	(4)
Index	369