Communicating in Groups and Teams Sharing Leadership (with InfoTrac)

by Lumsden, Gay; Lumsden, Donald

• ISBN13: 9780534515461
• ISBN10: 0534515460
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-08-04
• Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing

Summary

Part One: YOUR ROLES IN GROUPS AND TEAMS. 1. Your Groups and Teams: Communicating for Success. 2. Your Teamwork Responsibilities: Sharing Leadership. Part Two: SHARING LEADERSHIP TO CREATE TEAMWORK. 3. The "Work" in Teamwork: Planning the Process. 4. The "Team" in Teamwork: Bringing Individuals Together. Part Three: SHARING LEADERSHIP THROUGH TASK PROCESSES. 5. Task Questions and Resources: Launching Your Inquiry. 6. Logical and Critical Thinking: Analyzing Team Information. 7. Innovative and Creative Thinking: Generating New Ideas. 8. Problem Analysis and Decision Making: Following Clear Systems. Part Four: SHARING LEADERSHIP THROUGH TRANSACTIONAL PROCESSES. 9. Verbal and Nonverbal Communication: Building Transactional Processes. 10. Listening and Questioning: Developing Team Dialogue. Part Five: MEETING CHALLENGES TO LEADERS AND LEADERSHIP. 11. Teams and Designated Leaders: Achieving Team Visions. 12. Team Pressures and Conflicts: Meeting the Challenges. 13. Team Problems and Participation: Managing the Obstacles. Epilogue. Looking Back. Saying Goodbye. Moving On. Appendices: A. Group Formats and Approaches: Planning Public Meetings. B. Oral and Written Reports: Communicating Team Findings.

Table of Contents

Preface	xvii
Part One: Your Roles in Groups and Teams
1 YOUR GROUPS AND TEAMS: Communicating for Success	1	(26)
Your Group and Team Experiences	2	(2)
Your Future in Groups and Teams	4	(9)
Careers and Teamwork	5	(1)
Types of Groups and Teams	6	(3)
Trends in the Workplace	9	(4)
TEAMS AND TEAMWORK	9	(1)
QUALITY AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION	10	(1)
INFORMATION AND TECHNOLOGY	10	(3)
Key Concepts for Your Teamwork	13	(6)
Groups and Teams	13	(1)
Transactional and Task Processes	14	(2)
Communication in Groups and Teams	16	(1)
Risk in Group and Team Communication	17	(1)
Systems and Subsystems	18	(1)
A Team Processes Model	19	(1)
Preparation for Your Teamwork	19	(4)
Summary	23	(1)
Exercises	23	(1)
InfoTrac College Edition	24	(3)
2 YOUR TEAMWORK RESPONSIBILITY: Sharing leadership	27	(32)
The Meaning of Leadership	29	(1)
Your Success and Your Leadership	29	(1)
Short-Term Success	30	(1)
Long-Term Success	30	(1)
Leadership and Personal Qualities	30	(6)
Preparation	31	(1)
Involvement	32	(1)
Credibility	32	(2)
Principles	34	(1)
Adaptability	35	(1)
Responsibility	36	(1)
Leadership and Teamwork	36	(6)
Roles People Play	37	(1)
Team Processes	38	(2)
TRANSACTIONAL PROCESSES	38	(1)
TASK PROCESSES	39	(1)
Obstacles to Leadership	40	(2)
RECOGNIZING OBSTACLES	40	(1)
OVERCOMING OBSTACLES	41	(1)
Leadership and Ethics	42	(7)
Ethical Dilemmas and Conflicts	44	(1)
Ethical Issues for Teams	45	(4)
PERSONAL STANDARDS	46	(2)
TEAM PROCESSES	48	(1)
Leadership Development	49	(4)
Developing Credibility	49	(2)
Building Confidence	51	(10)
VISUALIZATION	51	(1)
RELAXATION	52	(1)
PRACTICE	53	(1)
Summary	53	(1)
Exercises	54	(1)
InfoTrac College Edition	55	(4)
Part Two: Sharing Leadership to Create Teamwork
3 THE "WORK" IN TEAMWORK: Planning the Process	59	(24)
Know the Context of Your Work	61	(1)
Analyze the System	61	(1)
Identify Responsibilities	61	(5)
ORGANIZATIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES	62	(1)
TEAM RESPONSIBILITIES	62	(1)
Decide about a Leader	62	(2)
Choose a Recorder or Secretary	64	(2)
Set Work Expectations	66	(8)
Time and Responsibility Commitments	66	(1)
Meeting Schedules	67	(1)
Purposes and Goals	68	(5)
UNDERSTANDING PURPOSES	68	(2)
DEFINING GOALS	70	(1)
IDENTIFYING INSTRUMENTAL OBJECTIVES	71	(1)
CONFIRMING UNDERSTANDING AND COMMITMENT	72	(1)
Preparation Responsibilities	73	(1)
Plan Agendas	74	(4)
Agenda Types	74	(1)
INFORMAL AND SPECIAL AGENDAS	74	(1)
FORMAL AGENDAS	75	(1)
Agenda Planning	75	(11)
SELECTING ITEMS	76	(1)
DEVELOPING THE ORDER AND TIME ALLOTMENTS	76	(1)
PHRASING THE STEPS	77	(1)
DISTRIBUTING AND MODIFYING	77	(1)
Summary	78	(1)
Exercises	78	(1)
InfoTrac College Edition	79	(4)
4 THE "TEAM" IN TEAMWORK: Bringing Individuals Together	83	(32)
A Superteam Model	84	(2)
Organizational Environments	86	(1)
Organizational Cultures	86	(1)
Organizational Strategies	87	(1)
Individual Members	87	(7)
Why People Join Teams	88	(4)
INTERESTS AND ATTRACTIONS	88	(1)
DRIVE REDUCTION	89	(2)
REINFORCEMENT	91	(1)
What Individuals Bring	92	(2)
WAYS OF PERCEIVING	92	(1)
ABILITIES AND BACKGROUNDS	93	(1)
Team Development	94	(5)
Developing by Stages	95	(2)
PHASES AS DEVELOPMENTAL ISSUES	95	(1)
DEVELOPMENTAL ISSUES FOR SPECIFIC TEAMS	96	(1)
Creating Team Attributes	97	(2)
TEAM CULTURE	97	(1)
SHARED IMAGE	97	(1)
SHARED VISION	98	(1)
CHARACTER	98	(1)
SYNTALITY	98	(1)
SYNERGY	99	(1)
COHESIVENESS	99	(1)
Teamwork through Electronics	99	(6)
Virtual Teams: Good News and Bad News	101	(1)
Computer-Supported Collaborative Work (CSCW): Good News and Bad News	102	(3)
Teamwork Improvement	105	(3)
Sources of Feedback	106	(1)
Uses of Feedback	107	(1)
Case Study 4.1: Virtual Teams	108	(1)
Summary	108	(2)
Exercises	110	(1)
InfoTrac College Edition	111	(4)
Part Three: Sharing Leadership through Task Processes
5 TASK QUESTIONS AND RESOURCES: Launching Your Inquiry	115	(24)
Planning the Team's Inquiry	116	(1)
Identifying Questions for Analysis	117	(3)
Questions of Fact	119	(1)
Questions of Value	119	(1)
Questions of Policy	119	(1)
Questions of Prediction	120	(1)
Phrasing Questions for Discussion	120	(2)
Planning Research	122	(4)
Identify Needs for Data	123	(1)
Make a Team Plan	124	(2)
Identifying Information Resources	126	(5)
Information from Interviews	127	(1)
Information from Surveys	128	(1)
Information from Organizations and Library Systems	129	(1)
Information from the Internet	129	(2)
Sharing Information as a Team	131	(3)
Working through Information Together	131	(1)
Making Clear Reports	131	(10)
POSTING INFORMATION	132	(1)
PURPOSES FOR VISUALS	132	(1)
METHODS FOR VISUALS	132	(2)
Summary	134	(2)
Exercises	136	(1)
InfoTrac College Edition	136	(3)
6 LOGICAL AND CRITICAL THINKING: Analyzing Team Information	139	(24)
Evaluating Information Critically	141	(5)
Norms for Critical Analysis	142	(1)
Criteria for Analysis	142	(4)
THE INFORMATION'S SOURCE	142	(2)
THE INFORMATION ITSELF	144	(1)
INTERNET INFORMATION'S VIRTUAL LOCATIONS	145	(1)
Reasoning Logically	146	(10)
Drawing Conclusions	147	(3)
ANALYZING WARRANTS	148	(1)
IDENTIFYING RESERVATIONS	148	(1)
QUALIFYING CONCLUSIONS	149	(1)
EXAMINING COMPLETE ARGUMENTS	149	(1)
Testing Reasoning	150	(6)
INDUCTIVE REASONING	150	(1)
DEDUCTIVE REASONING	151	(1)
CAUSE-AND-EFFECT REASONING	151	(2)
FALLACIOUS REASONING	153	(1)
Case Study 6.1: BLT Research Team, Inc.: Science and Circles	154	(2)
Examining Assumptions and Values	156	(2)
Nature and Effects	156	(1)
Cultural and Gender Influences	157	(1)
Summary	158	(1)
Exercises	159	(1)
InfoTrac College Edition	159	(4)
7 INNOVATIVE AND CREATIVE THINKING: Generating New Ideas	163	(26)
Thinking Creatively	164	(1)
Understanding Brain Processes	165	(2)
Facilitating Creative Thinking	167	(11)
Creating a Supportive Environment	167	(1)
Understanding Creativity	168	(3)
STAGES OF CREATIVE THINKING	168	(1)
"MIND LOCKS"	169	(2)
Enhancing Creativity	171	(7)
PERCEPTION ACTIVITIES	171	(1)
PUZZLES	172	(1)
ROLE PLAYING	173	(1)
HUMOR	174	(1)
IMAGERY	175	(1)
RELAXATION	176	(2)
Generating Ideas	178	(5)
Brainstorming	178	(1)
Metaphorical Thinking	179	(1)
Fantasy Chaining	180	(1)
Group Techniques	180	(10)
NOMINAL GROUP TECHNIQUE	181	(1)
DELPHI TECHNIQUE	182	(1)
Creating with Computer-Supported Collaborative Work (CSCW)	183	(1)
Summary	184	(1)
Exercises	184	(1)
InfoTrac College Edition	185	(4)
8 PROBLEM ANALYSIS AND DECISION MAKING: Following Clear Systems	189	(26)
Planning Approaches	190	(3)
Following Systematic Sequences	191	(1)
Using Computer-Supported Collaborative Work (CSCW)	192	(1)
Maintaining Flexibility	192	(1)
Analyzing Problems	193	(2)
Avoiding Incrementalism	193	(1)
Identifying Problems	194	(1)
Determining Causes and Effects	195	(1)
Generating and Analyzing Solutions	195	(4)
Generating Possible Solutions	197	(1)
Establishing Criteria	197	(2)
Making Decisions	199	(9)
Analysis Techniques	199	(1)
Critical Issues	200	(6)
APPLICABILITY	200	(1)
PRACTICALITY	201	(1)
ADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES, AND RISKS	201	(2)
DESIRABILITY	203	(3)
Decision Modes	206	(2)
CONSENSUS	206	(1)
VOTING	206	(1)
MULTIPLE RANKING	207	(1)
DECISION BY AUTHORITY	207	(1)
Creating an Implementation Plan	208	(2)
Design	208	(1)
Assessment	209	(1)
Summary	210	(1)
Exercises	211	(1)
InfoTrac College Edition	211	(4)
Part Four: Sharing Leadership through Transactional Processes
9 VERBAL AND NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION: Building Transactional Processes	215	(26)
Negotiating Team Meanings	216	(4)
From Dialectic to Dialogue	217	(1)
From Seeing Stereotypes to Seeing People	218	(4)
CULTURAL DIFFERENCES	218	(1)
GENDER DIFFERENCES	219	(1)
Identifying Communication Styles	220	(2)
Using Dialogical Styles	222	(7)
Sensitivity	223	(1)
Assertiveness	223	(1)
Responsible Language	224	(1)
Confirmation	225	(1)
Appropriateness	226	(3)
APPROPRIATENESS TO TEAMMATES	226	(1)
APPROPRIATENESS TO YOURSELF	226	(1)
APPROPRIATENESS TO THE CONTEXT	227	(2)
Communicating Nonverbally	229	(3)
How Nonverbal Cues Work	229	(1)
Case Study 9.1: The Natural Remedies Company: When "Family" Gets Too Close for Comfort	230	(1)
Decoding Nonverbal Messages More Accurately	230	(2)
Building Leadership Abilities in Nonverbal Communication	232	(5)
Facilitating Teammates' Contributions	232	(3)
FACILITATING TURN-TAKING	233	(1)
MAKING SPACE	233	(1)
EQUALIZING INFLUENCE	233	(1)
TOUCHING	234	(1)
Getting Teammates to Listen to You	235	(1)
FACE	235	(1)
GESTURES	235	(1)
VOICE AND SPEECH	236	(1)
Improving Your Nonverbal Communication	236	(1)
Summary	237	(1)
Exercises	238	(1)
InfoTrac College Edition	239	(2)
10 LISTENING ASD QUESTIONING: Developing Team Dialogue	241	(22)
Listening and Questioning in Teams	243	(2)
Creating Dialogue	243	(1)
Creating Climates	244	(1)
Creating Cooperative Analysis	244	(1)
Foundations for Listening and Questioning	245	(3)
Building Team Norms	246	(1)
Breaking Barriers	246	(2)
Approaches to Listening and Questioning	248	(7)
Active Listening	248	(1)
Interactive Questioning	249	(2)
Empathic Listening and Questioning	251	(3)
Dialogical Listening and Questioning	254	(1)
Leadership in Listening and Questioning	255	(2)
Facilitating Listening and Turn-Taking	256	(1)
Managing Distractions	256	(1)
Adapting to Electronic Meetings	257	(1)
Summary	257	(1)
Exercises	258	(1)
InfoTrac College Edition	259	(4)
Part Five: Meeting Challenges to Leaders and Leadership
11 TEAMS AND DESIGNATED LEADERS: Achieving Team Visions	263	(24)
Sources of Power	265	(4)
Traditional Control Models	266	(2)
Contemporary Empowerment Models	268	(1)
Approaches to Leading	269	(5)
Situational-Contingency Approaches	269	(1)
Classic Leadership Styles	270	(2)
Contemporary Approaches	272	(2)
Expectations of Leaders	274	(2)
Members' Expectations	275	(1)
Leaders' Self-Expectations	276	(1)
Responsibilities of Leaders	276	(4)
Linking and Buffering	277	(1)
Motivating and Coaching	278	(1)
Managing and Moving	278	(10)
PLANNING AND FOLLOWING THROUGH	278	(1)
ENSURING PROCESSES	279	(1)
Learning to Lead	280	(2)
Summary	282	(1)
Exercises	282	(1)
InfoTrac College Edition	283	(4)
12 TEAM PRESSURES AND CONFLICTS: Meeting the Challenges	287	(26)
Team Pressures	288	(7)
Deviance	288	(2)
Conformity	290	(4)
MOTIVES	290	(1)
METHODS	290	(2)
CHOICES	292	(1)
RESPONSES	293	(1)
Groupware and Virtual Meeting Influences	294	(1)
Groupthink	295	(5)
How Groupthink Happens	295	(2)
COHESIVENESS	296	(1)
STRUCTURE	296	(1)
SITUATION	296	(1)
LEADERSHIP	296	(1)
What Groupthink Does	297	(2)
How to Reduce Groupthink	299	(1)
Competitive Communication	300	(3)
How People Play Games	301	(1)
How Games Affect Climate	301	(1)
How to Handle a Game	302	(1)
Conflict	303	(7)
Types of Conflict	304	(1)
Sources of Conflict	304	(1)
Approaches to Conflict Management	305	(4)
INDIVIDUAL STYLES	305	(1)
Case Study 12.1: Quality Is No "Easy Rider"	306	(1)
COMMUNICATION ADAPTATION	307	(2)
Processes of Conflict Management	309	(1)
Summary	310	(1)
Exercises	311	(1)
InfoTrac College Edition	312	(1)
13 TEAM PROBLEMS PARTICIPATION: Managing the Obstacles	313	(22)
Fixing Teamwork Problems	314	(14)
People Who Seem Difficult	314	(9)
DOMINATING	315	(2)
DISTRACTING	317	(1)
NONPARTICIPATING	318	(2)
IRRESPONSIBLE	320	(1)
REPREHENSIBLE	321	(2)
SYSTEM VERSUS PERSONALITY DIFFICULTIES	323	(1)
Members Who Are New or Different	323	(4)
UNDERSTANDING NEWNESS	323	(1)
DEVELOPING AN INTRAGROUP ETHIC	324	(1)
ORIENTING MEMBERS	325	(2)
Processes That Need Processing	327	(1)
Helping Leaders Help the Team	328	(3)
Bolstering the Leader	329	(2)
REASONS FOR INADEQUACY	329	(1)
STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING A LEADERS EFFECTIVENESS	330	(1)
Easing Leaders' Transitions	331	(1)
Working within the System	331	(1)
Summary	332	(1)
Exercises	333	(1)
InfoTrac College Edition	334	(1)
APPENDIX A GROUP FORMATS AND APPROACHES: Planning Public Meetings	335	(18)
Public Meetings	336	(3)
Public Meeting Formats	336	(2)
FORUM	336	(1)
LECTURE	336	(1)
SYMPOSIUM	337	(1)
PANEL	337	(1)
COLLOQUY	337	(1)
DEBATE	337	(1)
MEDIATED OR LIVE PERFORMANCE	338	(1)
Public Meeting Goals	338	(1)
Conferences and Workshops	339	(3)
Goals	340	(1)
Types of Meeting Sessions	341	(1)
PLENARY SESSIONS	341	(1)
BREAKOUT SESSIONS	341	(1)
TELECONFERENCE SESSIONS	342	(1)
Audience Participation Generators	342	(4)
Paper-and-Pencil Instruments	343	(1)
Small Group Activities	344	(2)
BUZZ GROUPS	344	(1)
ROLE PLAYING	344	(1)
EXERCISES AND ACTIVITIES	345	(1)
Preparation for Public Meetings and Conferences	346	(6)
Goals and Participants	347	(1)
Programs	347	(1)
Resources	348	(2)
PERSONNEL	348	(1)
FACILITIES	349	(1)
FINANCES	350	(1)
Rehearsals and Run-Throughs	350	(1)
Publicity and Public Relations	351	(1)
Evaluation	351	(3)
THE PARTICIPANTS	351	(1)
THE PLANNING TEAM	352	(1)
InfoTrac College Edition	352	(1)
APPENDIX B ORAL AND WRITTEN REPORTS: Communicating Team Findings	353	(21)
Common Preparation Steps	354	(9)
Goals	354	(2)
TEAM MISSION	354	(1)
SPECIFIC PURPOSE	355	(1)
Audiences	356	(2)
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY AUDIENCES	356	(1)
CHARACTERISTICS	356	(1)
AUDIENCE-BASED STRATEGIES	357	(1)
SENSITIVITY TO ISSUES	357	(1)
EXPECTATIONS	357	(1)
Research	358	(1)
Content Selection	358	(1)
Organization	358	(3)
BODY	358	(1)
MAIN POINTS	359	(1)
INTRODUCTION	360	(1)
CONCLUSION	361	(1)
TRANSITIONS	361	(1)
Visuals	361	(2)
Preparation Differences	363	(1)
Written Reports	363	(4)
Formats	365	(1)
Team Involvement	366	(1)
DEVELOPING A PLAN	366	(1)
DETERMINING STYLE	367	(1)
Presentation of the Document	367	(1)
Oral Reports	367	(5)
Team Participation	368	(1)
Notes	368	(1)
Visuals	369	(1)
Questions and Answers	369	(2)
ANTICIPATING QUESTIONS	369	(1)
HANDLING QUESTIONS	370	(1)
REHEARSAL	370	(1)
Presentation	371	(1)
Follow-up and Evaluation	372	(1)
InfoTrac College Edition	372	(2)
Glossary	374	(7)
References	381	(12)
Name Index	393	(4)
Subject Index	397