Communication Disorders in the Classroom: An Introduction for Professionals in School Settings

by Haynes, William O.; Moran, Michael J.; Pindzola, Rebekah H.

• ISBN13: 9780763727437
• ISBN10: 0763727431
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-09-26
• Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning

Summary

Speech, language, and hearing disorders have the potential to affect a student communicatively, socially, psychologically, and academically. In this work, the authors cover the range of impairments found in school-age children with suggestions for teacher intervention. Topic coverage includes: 1. Legal issues and service delivery models; 2. Normal aspects of communication; 3. The development of language and phonology; 4. Phonological disorders; 5. Children with limited language; 6. School-age and adolescent language disorders; 7. Dialectal differences: African American English as a case study; 8. Fluency disorders; 9. Voice disorders; 10. Hearing impairment; 11. Craniofacial anomolies; 12. Neurological impairment; 13. Communication disorders and academic success. Each chapter includes teacher tips, key terms, study questions, and suggestions for further reading.

Table of Contents

Preface	ix
Communication Disorders in the Schools: Background, Legal Issues, and Service Delivery Models	1	(40)
Background Information: The Communication Disorders Professional	1	(3)
Communication Disorders in the Schools: Caseload Issues	4	(2)
Legal Issues: Public Laws Affecting Students with Communication Disorders	6	(9)
The Role of the Speech-Language Pathologist in the School System	15	(6)
Service Delivery Models	21	(14)
The Role of the Classroom Teacher in Identification, Assessment, and Treatment	35	(2)
References	37	(1)
Terms to Know	38	(1)
Study Questions	39	(2)
Normal Aspects of Communication	41	(24)
Introduction	41	(1)
Communication	42	(1)
Language	42	(4)
Speech	46	(11)
Hearing	57	(4)
Conclusion	61	(1)
References	62	(1)
Terms to Know	62	(1)
Study Questions	63	(2)
The Development of Language and Phonology	65	(24)
Early Communicative Development: Gestures and Language	66	(7)
Early Development of the Language Framework	73	(3)
Communicative Refinement After the Early Multiword Period: Five Stages of Development	76	(2)
Development of Speech Sounds and Phonology	78	(5)
Phonological Awareness	83	(2)
Conclusion	85	(1)
References	85	(1)
Terms to Know	86	(1)
Study Questions	87	(2)
Phonological Disorders	89	(32)
Background Information	89	(9)
Assessment Issues in Phonological Disorders	98	(5)
Direct Treatment of Phonological Disorders	103	(9)
Indirect Treatment of Phonological Disorders	112	(3)
How Teachers Can Help with Indirect Treatment	115	(1)
Conclusion	116	(1)
References	116	(3)
Terms to Know	119	(1)
Study Questions	120	(1)
Children with Limited Language	121	(52)
Episode 1	121	(1)
Episode 2	122	(1)
Background Information	122	(10)
Assessment Issues	132	(8)
Direct and Indirect Treatment for Children with Limited Language	140	(6)
Conclusion	146	(1)
References	147	(1)
Terms to Know	148	(1)
Topics for Discussion	148	(3)
Appendix A---Creating Communicative Opportunities	151	(2)
Appendix B---Characteristics of a Good Language Model and Interaction	153	(4)
Appendix C---Suggestions by Lucas for Naturalistic Language Treatment	157	(2)
Appendix D---Incidental Teaching Suggestions	159	(2)
Appendix E---Language Stimulation Techniques	161	(4)
Appendix F---Incorporation of Language Goals in Classroom and Home Activities	165	(2)
Appendix G---Social Aspects Related to Communication	167	(2)
Appendix H---Cognitive Skills Related to Language Development	169	(4)
School-Age and Adolescent Language Disorders	173	(20)
Background Information	173	(5)
Assessment Issues	178	(3)
Direct and Indirect Treatment for Students with Language Impairment	181	(9)
Conclusion	190	(1)
References	190	(1)
Terms to Know	191	(1)
Topics for Discussion	192	(1)
Dialectal Differences: African-American English as a Case Example	193	(30)
The Difference-Deficit Issue	198	(1)
Ethnicity, Race, and First Language Community	199	(1)
Regional Variations	200	(1)
Social Class Variations	201	(1)
Peer Group Identification	202	(1)
Communicative Context	202	(1)
Dialectal Continua	203	(2)
Specific Differences Between African-American English and Standard English	205	(3)
The Effects of Dialectal Variation on the Student	208	(3)
How Can the Classroom Teacher Deal with the Dialect Issue?	211	(4)
Dialects, Teachers, and the Speech-Language Pathologist	215	(3)
Conclusion	218	(1)
References	219	(3)
Terms to Know	222	(1)
Topics for Discussion	222	(1)
Fluency Disorders	223	(34)
Introduction	223	(3)
The Incidence and Prevalence of Stuttering	226	(2)
Causation and Development of Stuttering	228	(4)
Assessment Issues	232	(7)
Therapeutic Principles	239	(9)
Other Fluency Disorders	248	(4)
Conclusion	252	(1)
References	252	(3)
Terms to Know	255	(1)
Study Questions	255	(2)
Voice Disorders	257	(30)
Introduction	257	(1)
The Nature of Voice Production and Voice Disorders	258	(2)
Causations of Common Vocal Disorders	260	(7)
Vocal Assessment Issues and Parameters of the Voice	267	(2)
Direct and Indirect Intervention Options	269	(4)
Suggestions for Teachers	273	(2)
Background Information on Students with Altered Methods of Breathing	275	(3)
Conclusion	278	(1)
References	278	(2)
Terms to Know	280	(1)
Study Questions	281	(2)
Appendix	283	(4)
Hearing Impairment	287	(34)
Background Information	287	(7)
Assessment Issues	294	(6)
Treatment	300	(8)
Suggestions for Teachers of Hearing-Impaired Students	308	(2)
Auditory Processing Disorder (APD)	310	(2)
Controversies	312	(4)
Support for the Classroom Teacher	316	(2)
References	318	(1)
Terms to Know	319	(1)
Study Questions	320	(1)
Cleft Lip/Palate and Related Craniofacial Syndromes	321	(22)
Background Information	321	(9)
Syndromes that Include Craniofacial Anomalies	330	(2)
Learning Problems in Children with Craniofacial Anomalies	332	(4)
Suggestions for Teachers	336	(1)
Conclusion	337	(1)
References	337	(3)
Terms to Know	340	(1)
Study Questions	341	(2)
Neurological Impairments	343	(34)
Introduction	343	(1)
The Nature of Neurological Problems	344	(11)
Students with Traumatic Brain Injury	355	(10)
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder	365	(8)
References	373	(2)
Terms to Know	375	(1)
Study Questions	375	(2)
Communication Disorders and Academic Success	377	(26)
Students with Language Problems: The High-Risk Groups	377	(4)
Curriculum and Teaching Impact on Students With Language Problems	381	(9)
Impact of Phonological Disorders	390	(5)
Impact of Hearing Impairment	395	(2)
References	397	(4)
Terms to Know	401	(2)
Index	403