The Community Economic Development Movement

by Simon, William H.

• ISBN13: 9780822328049
• ISBN10: 0822328046
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2002-01-01
• Publisher: Duke Univ Pr

Summary

While traditional welfare efforts have waned, a new style of social policy implementation has emerged dramatically in recent decades. The new style is reflected in a panoply of Community Economic Development (ced) initiatives-efforts led by locally-based organizations to develop housing, jobs, and business opportunities in low-income neighborhoods. In this book William H. Simon provides the first comprehensive examination of the evolution of Community Economic Development, complete with an analysis of its operating premises and strategies. He describes the profusion of new institutional forms that have arisen from the movement, amalgamations that cut across conventional distinctions-such as those between private and public-and that encompass the efforts of nonprofits, cooperatives, churches, business corporations, and public agencies. Combining local political mobilization with entrepreneurial initiative and electoral accountability with market competition, this phenomenon has catalyzed new forms of property rights designed to motivate investment and civic participation while curbing the dangers of speculation and middle-class flight. With its examination of many localities and its appraisal of the strengths and weaknesses of the prevailing approach to Community Economic Development, this book will be a valuable resource for local housing, job, and business development officials; community activists; and students of law, business, and social policy.

Author Biography

William H. Simon is Saunders Professor of Law at Stanford University.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments	vii
Introduction	1	(6)
Background: The Turn to Community-Based Organizations in Social Policy	7	(34)
General Planning: The Revival of Redevelopment and Community Action	7	(12)
Housing	19	(7)
Banking and Credit	26	(8)
Job Training and Placement	34	(3)
Welfare Reform	37	(2)
Community Health Care	39	(2)
Three Logics of Community Action	41	(28)
Economic	42	(7)
Social	49	(9)
Political	58	(11)
The Community as Beneficiary of Economic Development	69	(44)
The Local Perspective	69	(7)
The Community as Residual Claimant: Development Rights	76	(19)
Local Trade: Self-Reliance and Import Substitution	95	(14)
Local Knowledge as a Community Asset	109	(4)
The Community as Agent of Economic Development	113	(30)
Tools	114	(5)
Institutions: The Community Development Corporation	119	(11)
Institutions: Cooperatives	130	(7)
Hybrids: Churches and Mutual Housing Associations	137	(6)
Constrained Property: Rights as Anchors	143	(24)
Subsidized Housing	145	(11)
Enterprises: Cooperatives	156	(4)
Community-Based Nongovernmental Organizations: The Nonprofit Corporation	160	(2)
Churches: Mobile versus Immobile Membership	162	(5)
Induced Mobilization	167	(28)
The Ex Ante Structural Approach	169	(9)
The Ex Post Competitive Approach	178	(17)
Institutional Hybridization	195	(24)
An Illustration: Hyde Square Co-op	195	(11)
Social Control, Opportunism, and Empowerment: Boundary Problems	206	(13)
The Limits of CED	219	(10)
Distributive Consequences	219	(3)
The Instability of Low-Income Communities	222	(1)
The Limited Appeal of the Communitarian Ideal	223	(2)
The Weakness of the Inside Game	225	(2)
Conclusion	227	(2)
Index	229