Companion Encyclopedia of Anthropology: Humanity, Culture and Social Life

by Ingold,Tim

• ISBN13: 9780415286046
• ISBN10: 0415286042
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Nonspecific Binding
• Copyright: 2002-10-11
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

There have been rapid advances in anthropological knowledge on a wide variety of fronts in recent years. This Companion provides a comprehensive survey of contemporary thinking in biological, social and cultural anthropology. In bringing these three fields together, it establishes their interconnections, and lays the foundations for an integrated perspective on the conditions of human life appropriate to the challenges of the future. In thirty-five separately authored chapters a selection of the world's leading authorities present their own visions of the state of play in their different specialisms, and chart out new directions of inquiry. The structure of the book is such that it is divided into three parts - Humanity, Culture and Social Life. In the first part the emphasis is on human beings as members of a species, on how that species differs from others, on how it has evolved, and on how human populations have adapted to and in turn transformed their environments. The second part focuses on theorigins and structure of human culture, and on the role of culture in action, perception and cognition. The third part examines the various aspects of the relationships and processes that are carried on by persons and groups in the course of social life. Each part is preceded by a short editorial introduction and the entire work is prefaced by a general introduction outlining the scope and promise of the discipline of anthropology as a whole. Special features include: * a unique synthesis of the three branches of anthropology - social, cultural and biological * carefully illustrated with line drawings * prestigious editor leads an international team of acknowledged experts in each field * useful cross-references within the text, with full bibliographical references and suggestions for further reading

Table of Contents

Preface	ix
General introduction	xiii
Tim Ingold
The contributors	xxiii
PART I: HUMANITY	1	(326)
Introduction to humanity	3	(11)
Tim Ingold
Humanity and animality	14	(19)
Tim Ingold
The evolution of early hominids	33	(46)
Phillip V. Tobias
Human evolution: the last one million years	79	(29)
Clive Gamble
The origins and evolution of language	108	(25)
Philip Lieberman
Tools and tool behaviour	133	(29)
Thomas Wynn
Niche construction, evolution and culture	162	(35)
F. J. Odling-Smee
Modes of subsistence: hunting and gathering to agriculture and pastoralism	197	(29)
Roy Ellen
The diet and nutrition of human populations	226	(39)
Igor de Garine
Demographic expansion: causes and consequences	265	(32)
Mark N. Cohen
Disease and the destruction of indigenous populations	297	(30)
Stephen J. Kunitz
PART II: CULTURE	327	(408)
Introduction to culture	329	(21)
Tim Ingold
Why animals have neither culture nor history	350	(16)
David Premack
Ann James Premack
Symbolism: the foundation of culture	366	(30)
Mary LeCron Foster
Artefacts and the meaning of things	396	(24)
Daniel Miller
Technology	420	(40)
Francois Sigaut
Spatial organization and the built environment	460	(43)
Amos Rapoport
Perceptions of time	503	(24)
Barbara Adam
Aspects of literacy	527	(36)
Brian V. Street
Niko Besnier
Magic, religion and the rationality of belief	563	(28)
Gilbert Lewis
Myth and metaphor	591	(22)
James F. Weiner
Ritual and performance	613	(35)
Richard Schechner
The anthropology of art	648	(38)
Howard Morphy
Music and dance	686	(20)
Anthony Seeger
The politics of culture: ethnicity and nationalism	706	(29)
Anthony D. Smith
PART III: SOCIAL LIFE	735	(332)
Introduction to social life	737	(19)
Tim Ingold
Sociality among humans and non-human animals	756	(27)
R. I. M. Dunbar
Rules and prohibitions: the form and content of human kinship	783	(30)
Alan Barnard
Understanding sex and gender	813	(18)
Henrietta L. Moore
Socialization, enculturation and the development of personal identity	831	(30)
Fitz John Porter Poole
Social aspects of language use	861	(30)
Jean DeBernardi
Work, the division of labour and co-operation	891	(20)
Sutti Ortiz
Exchange and reciprocity	911	(29)
C. A. Gregory
Political domination and social evolution	940	(22)
Timothy Earle
Law and dispute processes	962	(21)
Simon Roberts
Collective violence and common security	983	(27)
Robert A. Rubinstein
Inequality and equality	1010	(30)
Andre Beteille
The nation state, colonial expansion and the contemporary world order	1040	(27)
Peter Worsley
Index	1067